末次冰期以來彰雲沙脊地層構造演化過程

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：13

、訪客IP：18.217.140.32

姓名

郭馥瑄(Fu-Hsuan Kuo) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

地球科學學系

論文名稱

末次冰期以來彰雲沙脊地層構造演化過程

相關論文

★ 台灣基隆外海近海床地質構造與噴氣現象的探討	★ 南海北部地殼構造與深海沈積物波之研究
★ 西菲律賓海盆西部的海床構造分析	★ 南海北坡高解析水深調查與淺層地質的構造分析
★ 南海北部之磁力異常特徵分析	★ 利用底質剖面儀及EK60聲納資料研究台灣北部近海的可能活動構造
★ 台灣恆春半島南部海域海底地形及構造研究	★ 南海東北部海洋地殼構造之研究
★ 台灣地區岩石圈之浮力與重力位能的探討	★ 以地震層析法推求台灣北部地區的速度構造並探討流體的可能分佈
★ 聯合尤拉解迴旋與解析訊號法求取磁源參數之研究	★ 南海最北部地磁與地形之研究
★ 班達海岩心MD012380之磁學研究： 80萬年來赤道暖池區之古環境變遷	★ 台灣至呂宋島間馬尼拉海溝的震測研究：從正常隱沒到初期碰撞抬昇的上部地殼構造
★ 利用接收函數法分析台灣深部地殼構造	★ 板塊邊界地震引起之重力位能變化

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

摘要

潮汐沙脊是現代陸棚中常見的地形特徵,是為海岸表層沉積,主要透過潮汐、潮
流影響,使沉積物堆積形成現今的沙脊。台灣地處於新生代弧陸碰撞造山帶,是高侵
蝕速率與高沉積速率的環境,地層受到造山帶的壓力擠壓以及沉積物的重力堆積影響
下形成前陸盆地,後期造山運動趨緩穩定後,沉積物往大陸邊緣推進,將前陸盆地填
滿變成淺水環境。根據前人研究古環境與古地形的重建,台灣的構造活動非常的劇
烈,不管是沉積或是侵蝕速率都非常快速且複雜,其中最近代的一次大事件是末次冰
期,全球在末次冰期間海平面比現今低約 120 公尺,使台灣海峽出露地表呈現侵蝕環
境。末次冰期以後海水位開始上升,台灣西部山脈前緣低海拔的盆地大多都受到海水
的侵入而成為淺水環境並開始沉積。

本研究利用電火花反射震測剖面以及底質剖面來更好的了解當時彰雲沙脊地區淺
水環境的變化。本研究中垂直海岸線的測線可以發現前陸基底不整合面,沉積物的堆
積重力促成前陸凸起形成,使得彰雲沙脊成為沉積盆地。剖面中的不整合面為末次冰
期間所形成的,震測剖面的特徵有被侵蝕過的強反射,隨著海平面的上升,持續堆積
會看到末次冰期、海進時期、以及高水位時期的層序。在底質剖面的部分可以清楚看
到沉積物有不同的沉積方向,由此探討沉積物運輸的過程。

根據震測剖面中的層序地層、震測相可以辨認出前陸基底不整合面,末次冰期不
整合面、快速海進時期、最大海漫面以及高水位時期。本研究利用各層面之等時面去
做網格化分析得知,從末次冰期到海進以及最大海漫面時期的海進過程並非只有濁水
溪的來源也有來自研究區域的北側開始進入,由沉積物的厚度來看可以發現當時最厚
的區域在濁水溪出海口附近,隨著海進開始有潮汐流發生,沉積物被潮流運輸開始往
東北向移動。

摘要(英)

Abstract

Tidal sand ridges are common geomorphic features in modern continental shelves, formed by
coastal surface sedimentation primarily influenced by tides and currents, resulting in the
accumulation of sediment to form present-day sand ridges. Taiwan is situated in a collisional
orogeny zone of the Neogene, characterized by high erosion and sedimentation rates. The
geological formations are affected by the compressional forces from the orogenic belt and the
gravitational stacking of sediments, leading to the formation of foreland basins. Subsequently,
as the orogenic activity wanes and stabilizes, sediments prograde towards the continental
margin, infilling the foreland basins to transform them into shallow water environments.
Previous reconstructions of paleoenvironments and paleotopography indicate intense tectonic
activities in Taiwan, with rapid and complex rates of both sedimentation and erosion. The
most recent significant event was the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), during which global sea
levels dropped approximately 120 meters, resulting in erosional environments. Following the
LGM, sea levels began to rise, inundating low-lying basins along the western foothills of
Taiwan, transitioning them into shallow water environments conducive to sediment
deposition.

This study utilizes high-resolution seismic reflection profiles and sediment cores to better
understand the variations in shallow water environments during that time. The results reveal
clear unconformities along the vertical shoreline transects, indicating discontinuities in the
foreland basement. Sediment thickness decreases seaward as the sediment is sourced from
river mouths, and the continuity of the unconformities stops at the defined foreland bulge. The
unconformities in the shallower sections formed during the LGM exhibit erosional features in
seismic profiles. With rising sea levels, continued sedimentation reflects products of
lowstand, rapid transgression, and highstand periods. In sediment core profiles, different

vii

sediment transport directions are clearly observed, elucidating the processes of sediment
transportation.

The study results identify foreland unconformities, LGM unconformities, rapid
transgression periods, maximum marine inundation, and highstand periods based on sequence
stratigraphy and seismic facies from seismic profiles. Utilizing isochronal surfaces for grid
mapping, it is inferred that during the LGM, transgression initiated from the north, with the
final deposition observed near the mouth of the Choshui River. As transgression commenced,
tidal currents began transporting sediment in a northeastward direction.

關鍵字(中)

★ 沙脊
★ 末次冰期
★ 彰雲地區
★ 台灣海峽
★ 電火花反射剖面

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

目錄
摘要 iv
Abstract v
誌謝 vii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xii
第一章、緒論 1
1-1區域概況 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 2
第二章、前人研究與地質背景 8
2-1古海洋研究 8
2-2 彰雲隆起背景介紹 9
2-3古環境研究 9
2-4潮汐沙脊 9
2-5沉積物來源 10
2-6 不整合面及層面定義 10
末次冰期結束之不整合面(Last Glacial Maximum Unconformity): 10
最大海漫面(Maximum Flooding Surface) 11
第三章、研究方法與資料處理流程 16
3-1研究方法 16
3-2資料收集 17
3-3電火花資料處理流程 18
3-4底質剖面探測儀簡介 23
底質剖面儀基本原理 23
3-4-1底質剖面儀資料處理流程 24
3-5 ADCP資料來源介紹 26
3-5-1 ADCP處理方法與程序介紹 26
35
第四章、研究結果與討論 40
4-1 電火花高解析地層分析 40
4-1-1 震測相分類 41
4-1-2 震測剖面解釋 41
4-1-3 層面厚度分析 43
4-2 底質剖面沉積物來源分析 44
4-2-1底質剖面解釋 44
第五章、討論 84
5-1 層面定義 84
5-2沉積物運輸狀態 85
5-3沙波遷移走向 86
5-4沙波沉積區域 86
沉積狀態 87
搬運狀態 87
侵蝕狀態 87
第六章、結論 93
參考文獻 94

參考文獻

[1] Bard, Edouard, Bruno Hamelin, and Richard G. Fairbanks. "U-Th ages obtained by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: sea level during the past 130,000 years." Nature 346.6283, pp.456-458, 1990.
[2] Bian, Changwei, Wensheng Jiang, and Richard J. Greatbatch. "An exploratory model study of sediment transport sources and deposits in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 118.11,pp. 5908-5923, 2013.
[3] Catuneanu, Octavian. "Sequence stratigraphy of clastic systems: concepts, merits, and pitfalls." Journal of African Earth Sciences 35.1, pp. 1-43, 2002.
[4] Clark, Peter U., and Alan C. Mix. "Ice sheets and sea level of the Last Glacial Maximum." Quaternary Science Reviews 21.1-3, pp. 1-7, 2002.
[5] Chang, J. H., Hsu, H. H., Su, C. C., Liu, C. S., Hung, H. T., & Chiu, S. D. "Tectono-sedimentary control on modern sand deposition on the forebulge of the Western Taiwan Foreland Basin." Marine and Petroleum Geology 66, pp. 970-977, 2015.
[6] Chou, Y. W., and H. S. Yu. "Structural expression of flexural extension in collisional Western Taiwan Foredeep." Annual Meeting of Geological Society of China, Tainan, Taiwan, Extented Abstract, pp. 372-375, 1997.
[7] Ho, S. L., Wang, J. K., Lin, Y. J., Lin, C. R., Lee, C. W., Hsu, C. H., ... & Lin, J. P. "Changing surface ocean circulation caused the local demise of echinoid Scaphechinus mirabilis in Taiwan during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition." Scientific Reports 12.1, pp. 8204, 2022.
[8] Hjulstrom, F.. Studies of the morphological activity of rivers as illustrated by the River Fyris, Bulletin. Geological Institute Upsalsa, 25, pp. 221-527, 1935.
[9] K Uehara. “Late Quaternary evolution of the Yellow/East China Sea tidal regime and its impacts on sediments dispersal and seafloor morphology.” Sedimentary Geology, Elsevier, 2019.
[10] Kluesner, J., Brothers, D., Hart, P., Miller, N., & Hatcher, G.. "Practical approaches to maximizing the resolution of sparker seismic reflection data." Marine Geophysical Research 40(3), pp. 279-301, 2019.
[11] Kao, S. J., Lee, T. Y., & Milliman, J. D.. Calculating highly fluctuated suspended sediment fluxes from mountainous rivers in Taiwan. Terrestrial Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 16(3), 653, 2005.
[12] Liao, H. R., Yu, H. S., & Su, C. C. . Morphology and sedimentation of sand bodies in the tidal shelf sea of eastern Taiwan Strait. Marine Geology, 248(3-4), 161-178, 2008.
[13] Lin, A. T., Watts, A. B., & Hesselbo, S. P. Cenozoic stratigraphy and subsidence history of the South China Sea margin in theTaiwan region. Basin Research, pp 453-478, 2003.
[14] Liu, J. P., Liu, C. S., Xu, K. H., Milliman, J. D., Chiu, J. K., Kao, S. J., & Lin, S. W. "Flux and fate of small mountainous rivers derived sediments into the Taiwan Strait." Marine Geology256.1-4, pp. 65-76, 2008.
[15] Mix, A. C., Lund, D. C., Pisias, N. G., Boden, P., Bornmalm, L., Lyle, M., & Pike, J. "Rapid climate oscillations in the northeast Pacific during the last deglaciation reflect Northern and Southern Hemisphere sources." Geophysical Monograph Series 112, pp. 127-148, 1999.
[16] Posamentier, Henry W., and Peter R. Vail. "Eustatic controls on clastic deposition II—sequence and systems tract models.", 1988.
[17] Provenzano, G., Henstock, T. J., Bull, J. M., & Bayrakci, G."Attenuation of receiver ghosts in variable-depth streamer high-resolution seismic reflection data." Marine Geophysical Research 41, pp. 1-15, 2020.
[18] Yang, R. J., Liu, J. T., Fan, D., Burr, G. S., Lin, H. L., & Chen, T. T. Land-sea duel in the late Quaternary at the mouth of a small river with high sediment yield. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 143, pp. 59–76, 2017.
[19] SAITO, Yoshiki, and Zuosheng YANG. "The Huanghe River its water discharge, sediment discharge, and sediment budget." Journal of the Sedimentological Society of Japan 40.40, pp. 7-17, 1994.
[20] Sheriff, R. E. "Factors affecting seismic amplitudes." Geophysical prospecting 23(1), pp. 125-138, 1975.
[21] Van Wagoner, J. C., Mitchum Jr, R. M., Posamentier, H. W., & Vail, P. R. "Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy: Part 2: Key definitions of sequence stratigraphy.", p11-14, 1987.
[22] Wang, Y. H., Jan, S., & Wang, D. P. Transports and tidal current estimates in the Taiwan Strait from shipboard ADCP observations. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 57, pp. 193–199, 2003.
[23] Yang, R. J., Liu, J. T., Fan, D., Burr, G. S., Lin, H. L., & Chen, T. T. "Land-sea duel in the late Quaternary at the mouth of a small river with high sediment yield." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences143, pp. 59-76, 2017.
[24] Yu, Ho-Shing, and Ying-Wei Chou. "Characteristics and development of the flexural forebulge and basal unconformity of Western Taiwan Foreland Basin." Tectonophysics 333.1-2, pp. 277-291, 2001.
[25] 潘玉生，震測資料之認識與解釋。中國石油股份有限公司海域及海外石油探勘處，1992。
[26] 陳文山，劉聰桂等。上-更新世台灣西部前陸盆地的演化-沈積層序與沈積物組成的研究. 經濟部中央地質調查所彙刊，2000。
[27] 陳文山，宋時驊，吳樂群，徐澔德，楊小青。「末次冰期以來台灣海岸平原區的海岸線變遷」，國立台灣大學人類考古學刊，卷 62，p40-55，2004。
[28] ?自?，金翔?，曹振?，李家彪，?玉?，尚?宏。「?海?架沙脊分布及其形成演化」，中?科?: 地球科? 40.2，p188-198，2010。
[29] 周?佳，?自?，?胜中，尚??，周洁?，李守?，?荻能。「台?海?晚更新世以?的高分辨率地震地??研究」，海洋?? 38.9，p76-88，2016。
[30] 廖音瑄，「中臺灣海峽近岸區沙波的遷移及演化」，臺灣大學海洋研究所學位論文 2020。

指導教授

許樹坤

審核日期

2025-1-23

推文