高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池堆性能測試與熱管理研究

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王品元(Pin-Yuan Wang) 查詢紙本館藏

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能源工程研究所

論文名稱

高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池堆性能測試與熱管理研究
(Performance Test and Thermal Management of a High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell)

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★ 陰離子交換膜水電解電極觸媒塗佈之製程改善研究

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2029-8-30以後開放)

摘要(中)

近幾年來由於空氣污染造成的溫室效應以及極端氣候，使各國逐漸重視環保議題，氫能也被視為相當有潛力的能源，其中高溫質子交換膜燃料電池由於具有質子交換膜燃料電池與高溫操作的優點，吸引不少研究人員投入這方面的研究，本研究也針對高溫質子交換膜燃料電池堆熱管理以及改變陰極計量比對於電池堆性能影響進行探討，並透過溫度分佈量測與熱阻網絡模型來預測電池堆內部無法量測部件的溫度分佈。
本研究對高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池進行不同環境溫度以及不同計量比下的溫度分佈與性能量測，溫度分佈是在穩態時利用熱電偶進行電池堆不同位置與不同深度的量測，性能測試則是透過極化曲線測試與各級電壓量測來進行量測，並使用熱阻網絡模型與量測出的溫度數據對無法量測的電池部件溫度進行預測。
實驗結果顯示，此五級電池堆在、操作溫度160℃、氣體流率20 c.c/min/cell、陽極計量比1.2與陰極計量比2.0的情況下，環境溫度40℃時最高功率密度為991 mA/cm2，在環境溫度25℃時最高功率密度為931 mA/cm2。在不透過加熱系統進行加溫並利用定電流來使電池堆溫度達到穩態的情況下，溫度分佈結果顯示電池堆的最高溫度都會在電池堆第三級(中心)位置，且電池堆在環境溫度40℃時的平均溫度相較於電池堆在環境溫度25℃時的平均溫度高了約10℃，電池堆溫度隨著陰極計量比提高而有所下降，但性能反而有所上升。從各級電壓量測可以發現，在適當計量比內透過提高環境溫度所帶來的電壓上升會比提高計量比來的好。熱阻網絡模型所預測出的測量點溫度與實際測量出的溫度誤差小於5%，因此可證明此模型所做的預測具有一定的參考價值，由熱阻模型可以再對電池堆內部無法被量測的物件溫度進行估算。

摘要(英)

In the recent years, air pollution has exacerbated the greenhouse effect and extreme weather conditions, prompting countries to increasingly prioritize environmental issues. Hydrogen energy has emerged as a highly promising energy source. Among various hydrogen energy technologies, high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFCs) combines the advantages of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and high-temperature operation, drawing considerable interest from researchers. This study focuses on the thermal management of HT-PEMFC stacks and investigates the impact of varying the cathode side stoichiometric ratio on the stack performance and thermal characteristic. Additionally, it utilizes temperature distribution measurements and a thermal resistance network model to predict the temperature distribution of components within the fuel cell stack that cannot be directly measured.
This study examines the temperature distribution and performance of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells under different ambient temperatures and stoichiometric ratios. Temperature distribution measurements are conducted at steady state by measuring the temperature at various positions and depths within the fuel cell with thermocouple. Performance testing involves polarization curve tests and individual cell voltage measurements. A thermal resistance network model, along with the measured temperature data, is used to predict the temperatures of fuel cell components that cannot be directly measured.
Experimental results show that this five-cell battery stack achieved a maximum power density of 991 mA/cm2 at an ambient temperature of 40°C, with an operating temperature of 160°C, a gas flow rate of 20 c.c/min/cell, an anode stoichiometry of 1.2, and a cathode stoichiometry of 2.0. At an ambient temperature of 25°C, the maximum power density was 931 mA/cm2. Without using a heating system and utilizing a constant current to bring the battery stack to a steady-state temperature, the temperature distribution results indicate that the highest temperature of the battery stack occurs at the third cell (center) position. The average temperature of the battery stack at an ambient temperature of 40°C is approximately 10°C higher than that at 25°C. The battery stack temperature decreases with an increase in the cathode stoichiometry, but the performance improves. Voltage measurements of each cell reveal that within an appropriate stoichiometry range, the voltage increase due to higher ambient temperatures is more beneficial than that achieved by increasing the stoichiometry. The temperature error between the measured points predicted by the thermal resistance network model and the actual measurements is less than 5%, indicating that the model′s predictions have a certain reference value. This thermal resistance model can further estimate the temperatures of objects within the battery stack that cannot be measured directly.

關鍵字(中)

★ 高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池
★ 計量比
★ 熱阻模型
★ 熱管理

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

致謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iv
目錄 vii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xiv
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機 2
1.2.1燃料電池介紹以及種類 2
1.2.2高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池結構 3
1.2.3高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池運作原理 4
1.2.4高低溫型質子交換膜燃料電池比較 6
1.3探討問題 10
1.4解決方法 10
第二章文獻回顧 11
2.1高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池 11
2.2質子交換膜燃料電池堆的熱管理 12
第三章實驗設備及方法 14
3.1實驗設備 14
3.1.1高溫型質子交換膜燃料電池堆 14
3.1.2溫度數據擷取系統 17
3.1.3燃料電池測試機台 18
3.1.4加熱系統 19
3.1.5環境溫度模擬系統 20
3.2實驗流程及參數設定 21
3.2.1質子交換膜燃料電池極化現象 22
3.2.2熱阻網絡分析 24
第四章結果與討論 29
4.1空白實驗測試 29
4.2電池堆性能測試 33
4.3電池堆熱管理 35
4.3.1定電流下不同環境溫度與陰極計量比對電池堆穩態溫度的影響 36
4.3.2定電流下不同計量比性能比較 51
4.4熱阻網絡模型 53
第五章結論與未來研究 63
5.1結論 63
5.2未來研究 65
參考文獻 66

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指導教授

陳震宇(Chen-Yu Chen)

審核日期

2024-10-1

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