DSpace collection: 博碩士論文

造業女性從業人員現況、性別平等與母性保護之探討

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:18:04 GMT

title: 造業女性從業人員現況、性別平等與母性保護之探討 abstract: 本研究以我國營造業女性從業人員為對象，探討在少子化、高齡化與勞動力短缺背景下，其職場處境、權益保障與留任意願。研究回顧營造業與女性勞動力現況，並整理性別平等及女性勞動保護政策，建構分析架構。採線上問卷調查方式，回收有效樣本264份，運用描述性統計與交叉分析檢視不同背景與工作情境之差異，並輔以開放性意見補充量化結果。結果顯示，九成受訪者具大專以上學歷，工作地點分布於公司與工地，整體對工作環境的評價介於「普通」與「還算友善」之間，惟工作環境不佳、工作地點的變動、性別刻板印象或歧視等問題仍相當普遍。受訪者對性別平等工作法及母性保護相關規定之認知有限，部分人在申請生理假、產檢／產假、育嬰留職停薪與家庭照顧假時，仍感受到壓力或缺乏支持，對公司是否訂有並落實母性健康保護計畫亦不清楚。性別平等政策推動後，約半數受訪者感到職場略有改善，但正式申訴比例偏低，顯示制度與實際職場文化之間仍存在落差。整體而言，受訪者最期待「提升薪資待遇及福利制度」、「改善工作環境安全及衛生設施」、「訂定彈性工時協助工作與家庭平衡」，以及「打破性別刻板印象、促進職場性別平等」。據此，本研究建議政府強化營造業別之性別平等與母性保護指引與稽核，企業提升管理階層性別敏感度並建構友善職場與有效申訴機制，產業公會與大專校院則透過職涯宣導與實習培訓協助女性規劃營造職涯，以兼顧產業永續發展與性別平等目標。;This study examines the workplace experiences, rights protection, and retention intentions of female employees in Taiwan’s construction industry under the structural challenges of declining fertility, population aging, and labor shortages. Drawing on a review of the current conditions of the construction sector and female labor participation, as well as policies on gender equality and maternity protection, the study develops an analytical framework to investigate women’s employment situations in this male-dominated industry. Data were collected through an online questionnaire survey, resulting in 264 valid responses. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation analyses were employed to identify variations across demographic characteristics and job contexts, while open-ended responses were analyzed to complement the quantitative findings. The results show that approximately 90% of the respondents held at least a college degree, with workplaces distributed between corporate offices and construction sites. Overall assessments of the work environment ranged from “moderate” to “relatively friendly”; nevertheless, substandard working conditions, frequent changes in work locations, and persistent gender stereotypes and discrimination were commonly reported. Awareness of the Act of Gender Equality in Employment and maternity protection regulations was generally limited. Some respondents reported experiencing pressure or a lack of organizational support when applying for menstrual leave, prenatal examination leave, maternity leave, parental leave without pay, and family care leave, and many were uncertain whether their employers had established and implemented maternity health protection programs. Although approximately half of the respondents perceived marginal improvements following the implementation of gender equality policies, the rate of formal grievance filing remained low, suggesting a discrepancy between institutional arrangements and everyday workplace practices. Overall, respondents demonstrated the strongest demand for improvements in compensation and benefits, the enhancement of occupational safety and sanitary facilities, the implementation of flexible working arrangements to support work–family balance, and the elimination of gender stereotypes to advance workplace gender equality. In response to these findings, this study proposes that the government reinforce construction-industry–specific guidelines and regulatory oversight related to gender equality and maternity protection; that firms strengthen managerial gender sensitivity and institutionalize inclusive workplace practices supported by robust grievance mechanisms; and that industry associations and higher education institutions deliver systematic career guidance and internship-based training to facilitate women’s career development in construction, thereby simultaneously promoting industrial sustainability and gender equality.

運用XGBoost 於無塵室溫度與濕度管控之研究

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:17:53 GMT

title: 運用XGBoost 於無塵室溫度與濕度管控之研究 abstract: 隨著高科技產業的快速發展，無塵室已成為半導體、面板等電子產品製造中不可或缺的生產環境。這些產品對微粒污染極為敏感，因此無塵室必須維持極低汙染的作業條件。然而，除了潔淨度的要求外，溫度與濕度的穩定性亦是影響製程品質的重要因素。濕度過低時，環境中容易累積靜電，可能在產品生產或搬運過程中造成靜電放電損傷；濕度過高則可能導致電子元件表面或內部產生腐蝕，使產品在製程中即面臨報廢風險。因此，如何精準掌握並控制溫濕度，是確保產品品質與提升製程穩定性的關鍵課題。本研究以無塵室空調系統為研究對象，探討其溫濕度控制機制與影響因子。無塵室空氣來源主要分為外氣與內部循環兩部分：外氣經由外氣空調箱處理後導入，負責維持正壓並調節溫濕度；內部循環則透過溫度感測器與乾式冷盤管進行調節，並以閥門開度控制循環氣流比例。兩股氣流在混風區混合後，由 FFU 送入生產區，形成穩定的製程環境。研究方法方面，本研究利用開源軟體進行資料整合與預處理，並建立模型以分析影響溫濕度的主要因子。透過對空調系統各單元的解析，整理出可能影響環境條件的變數，並以模型運算找出最具影響力的因子與建議設定值。為驗證模型準確性，本研究將模型建議值套入實際空調系統中，並與現場操作人員依經驗調整後的結果比較，以確認模型推論的可行性。研究結果顯示，所建立之模型能有效協助無塵室空調系統進行溫濕度控制，降低對操作人員經驗的依賴，縮短調整時間並減少人力投入。此方法未來可應用於無塵室工廠之智慧化環境控制，作為提升製程穩定性與產品品質的重要參考。 ;Cleanrooms have become essential environments for the manufacturing of semiconductor, display, and other electronic products, which are highly sensitive to particulate contamination. Beyond cleanliness requirements, maintaining stable temperature and humidity is critical for ensuring process quality. Low humidity can lead to electrostatic discharge damage during production or handling, while excessive humidity may cause corrosion in electronic components. Precise environmental control is therefore vital for product reliability and process stability. This study investigates the temperature and humidity control mechanisms of a cleanroom air conditioning system and identifies key influencing factors. Cleanroom air supply consists of outside air processed through the make up air unit (MAU) and internally recirculated air conditioned by temperature sensors and dry cooling coils. After separate treatment, both air streams mix and are delivered to the production area through fan filter units (FFUs) to form a stable operating environment. Using open source software, this research performs data integration, preprocessing, and model development to determine the primary variables affecting temperature and humidity. The model’s recommended settings are applied to the actual cleanroom system and compared with results achieved through operator experience to validate the model’s accuracy. The findings show that the proposed model effectively supports cleanroom temperature and humidity control, reduces reliance on manual adjustments, shortens tuning time, and decreases labor requirements. This approach demonstrates strong potential for future implementation in smart environmental control systems to enhance process stability and product quality.

都市更新及危險老舊房屋重建因子分析與實證之研究;無

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:17:41 GMT

title: 都市更新及危險老舊房屋重建因子分析與實證之研究;無 abstract: 台灣於1996年頒布「都市更新條例」並於2017年頒布「危險及老舊建築物加速重建條例」因應台灣社會與經濟快速發展，建築物老化之趨勢，然實務上仍面臨地主無一致共識、誘因不足、程序複雜等多項阻礙，使許多都市更新及危老案難以順利推動。許多老舊社區因居民經濟能力有限或意願不足而延宕更新，使高風險建築仍持續使用，並在地震中造成重大損失，使推動房屋重建更為困難，過去許多地震災案例更凸顯老屋安全問題隱患。本研究將透過文獻回顧分析出阻礙因子並藉由層級分析法釐清都市更新與危老重建的影響因素，並建立層級架構，將針對有工程實務經驗 8年以上之人員發放AHP問卷，萃取出問卷結果後進行分析，盼此研究結果對未來法規修正及制度擬定提供貢獻。;Taiwan promulgated the Urban Renewal Act in 1996 and subsequently enacted the Act for Accelerating Reconstruction of Unsafe and Old Buildings in 2017 in response to rapid social and economic development and the growing trend of building aging. However, in practical implementation, numerous obstacles remain, including the lack of consensus among landowners, insufficient incentives, and complex administrative procedures. As a result, many urban renewal and hazardous old building reconstruction projects have encountered significant difficulties and have failed to proceed smoothly. Many aging communities have experienced prolonged delays in renewal due to residents’ limited financial capacity or insufficient willingness to participate, leading to the continued use of high-risk buildings. Such conditions have resulted in severe losses during earthquakes and have further complicated efforts to promote housing reconstruction. Past earthquake disaster cases have clearly highlighted the latent safety risks associated with aging buildings. This study aims to identify the obstructing factors affecting urban renewal and hazardous old building reconstruction through a comprehensive literature review. Furthermore, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to clarify and evaluate the influencing factors of both urban renewal and hazardous old building reconstruction by establishing a hierarchical structure. AHP questionnaires will be distributed to professionals with more than eight years of practical engineering experience. After extracting and analyzing the questionnaire results, this study expects to provide meaningful contributions to future regulatory amendments and institutional policy formulation.

建築工程勞工施工作業安全管理效能與實務改善策略之研究

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 10:17:31 GMT

title: 建築工程勞工施工作業安全管理效能與實務改善策略之研究 abstract: 建築工程於施工階段，常同時存在多工種交錯與高風險作業疊加，若安全管理機制未能有效整合各構面，易造成事故風險累積與管控落差。本研究以國內大型建築工程施工階段為研究情境，建構以「高處作業防墜、電焊與動火、臨時用電與感電、結構支撐與開挖、地下空間作業、機械設備操作」六大構面為核心之施工作業安全管理效能架構，探討多構面安全管理對整體施工作業安全管理效能之影響關係。研究採結構式問卷調查，對象為具營造及職業安全衛生實務經驗之專業人員，共取得 252 份有效樣本，量表採 Likert 五點量表設計。透過信度與效度分析，在結構方程式模型（SEM）之概念架構下檢驗量表之測量品質；實證分析則以多元迴歸建立結構模式，檢驗各構面對施工作業安全管理效能之影響，並參考偏最小平方法結構方程模型（PLS-SEM）常用之決定係數（R²）與效果量（f²）等指標，評估模式解釋力與構面影響程度。實證結果顯示，六大構面整體平均數約落於「同意」至「高度同意」區間，受測者普遍對施工作業安全管理現況持正向評價。其中，「機械設備操作」構面之標準化迴歸係數最高，對施工作業安全管理效能具有最顯著之正向影響，「臨時用電與感電防護」亦呈現顯著貢獻；其餘構面雖未達統計顯著，但整體模型對施工作業安全管理效能之決定係數約為 0.73，顯示多構面安全管理對施工階段管理效能具有相當高的解釋力。綜合分析結果，本研究提出六大構面之管理優先順序與實務精進方向，建議以機械設備管理及支撐／開挖作業之專業程序作為制度標竿，並強化動火作業、臨時用電與地下空間作業之跨單位協調與稽核機制，作為建築工程施工安全管理之參考。 ;During the construction phase of building projects, multiple trades often work simultaneously and high-risk operations overlap. If safety measures fail to integrate these risks, the likelihood of accidents increases. This study focuses on large-scale building projects in Taiwan and develops a work-safety management effectiveness framework based on six dimensions: work-at-height fall prevention, welding and hot work, temporary electricity and electric-shock prevention, structural support and excavation, underground space operations, and machinery operation. A structured questionnaire survey was conducted with professionals experienced in construction and occupational safety and health, yielding 252 valid responses on a five-point Likert scale. Reliability and validity were examined within a structural equation modeling framework, and structural relationships were estimated using multiple regression. Model explanatory power was evaluated using R² and f². Results show that all six dimensions have mean scores around the “agree” level, indicating generally positive perceptions of current safety management. Machinery operation has the strongest positive effect on overall work-safety management effectiveness, and temporary electricity and electric-shock prevention is also statistically significant. The other dimensions are not significant, while the model explains about 73% of the variance in work-safety management effectiveness (R² ≈ 0.73). Based on these findings, the study identifies management priorities and proposes practical improvement strategies for the six dimensions to support safety management in building construction projects.