High dispersion of 1-nm SnO2 particles between graphene nanosheets constructed using supercritical CO2 fluid for sodium-ion battery anodes

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題名:	High dispersion of 1-nm SnO2 particles between graphene nanosheets constructed using supercritical CO2 fluid for sodium-ion battery anodes
作者:	蘇清源;Patra, Jagabandhu;Chen, Hung-Ching;Yang, Cheng-Hsien;Hsieh, Chien-Te;Su, Ching-Yuan;Chang, Jeng-Kuei
貢獻者:	工學院能源工程研究所
關鍵詞:	Anodes;Nanocomposites;Sodium-ion batteries;Supercritical fluid;Tin oxide
日期:	2016-10-01
上傳時間:	2026-04-23 12:00:05 (UTC+8)
出版者:	Elsevier BV;Elsevier Ltd
摘要:	摘要： Supercritical CO2 (SCCO2) fluid, which has gas-like diffusivity, extremely low viscosity, and near-zero surface tension, is used to synthesize SnO2 nanoparticles (a 1-nm diameter is achievable), which are uniformly dispersed and tightly anchored on graphene nanosheets (GNSs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The discharge capacity, rate capability, and cyclic stability of the synthesized SnO2/GNS and SnO2/CNT nanocomposites are compared. This study also tunes the SCCO2 temperature (and thus its fluid density) and finds that this factor crucially affects the SnO2 size and distribution, determining the resulting electrochemical properties. The sodiation/desodiation mechanism of the SnO2/GNS electrode is examined using synchrotron ex situ X-ray absorption and X-ray diffraction techniques, together with transmission electron microscopy. We confirm that while the oxide conversion reaction is reversible, the sluggish Sn–Na alloying/dealloying reaction is responsible for the lower measured capacity as compared to the theoretical value. The first-cycle efficiency loss is mainly attributed to the trapping of Na in the electrode surface solid electrolyte interphase layer. [Display omitted] •Highly-dispersed 1-nm SnO2 particles on GNSs are synthesized using SCCO2 process.•Tuning SCCO2 temperature affects SnO2 size, distribution, and performance.•Synchrotron ex situ XAS and XRD are used to examine electrode reaction mechanism.•Reversible conversion reaction and sluggish Sn–Na alloying reaction are observed.•First-cycle efficiency loss is mainly attributed to trapping of Na in SEI layer. 出版者： Elsevier Ltd 出版日期： 2016-10 出處： Nano energy, 2016-10, Vol.28, p.124-134 版權： 2016 Elsevier Ltd 識別號： ISSN: 2211-2855 識別號： DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.08.044
顯示於類別:	[能源工程研究所 ] 期刊論文

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