文革前期周恩來角色之探討(1966-1971); A study of Zhou Enlai's Role in Earlier Period of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966-1971)

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题名:	文革前期周恩來角色之探討(1966-1971);A study of Zhou Enlai's Role in Earlier Period of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966-1971)
作者:	楊孟儒;Meng-ju Yang
贡献者:	歷史研究所
关键词:	周恩來;毛澤東;九一三事件;林彪;13 September Incident;Lin Biao;Mao Zedong;Zhou Enlai
日期:	2010-06-21
上传时间:	2010-12-08 14:11:17 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本論文主要探討的問題有三：第一，文化大革命爆發與延續10年，毛澤東與周恩來兩人之間的密切合作有著很大的關係，尤其是在文革期間是否真如中共黨史著作所提及的那樣，周恩來是「忍辱負重」的，是需要還原其真相。第二，在文革期間，周恩來如何在中共的派系鬥爭中生存，周就算遭受到打壓，自始自終都未被真正打倒，這是值得深入分析討論的。第三，文革當中，發生了震驚中外的「九一三事件」，周恩來在此一事件中所扮演的角色，將在此作深入探討。周恩來是位資力相當深與完整的中共高層政治人物，周與毛澤東的關係非常密切，周曾親身經歷毛澤東數不盡的鬥爭中，但從未被鬥到真正打倒的地步，這歸因於周恩來長期在毛澤東身邊擔任毛命令的主要執行人，整場文革中毛可說是缺周不可。而在文革期間，周恩來更是平衡中共內部派系鬥爭的關鍵人物。在中共組織中，周更是影響政局的重要人物，他擅長在中共中央政治和外交各方面，扮演調合的角色，這樣的性格，使他在重大的「九一三事件」中扮演關鍵性的角色。 The thesis aims to discuss three issues. Firstly, we need to rediscover the truth: did the beginning and later stage of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (GPCR) in anyway influenced the establishment of Zhou Enlai’s reciprocal relationship with Mao Zedong? As well as the role Zhou’s character played in this power struggle: was Zhou Enlai really as CCP official publication stated, that he“suffering all disgrace and insults in order to accomplish a task”in the period of the GPCR. Secondly, it is also worth to analyze and discuss how Zhou Enlai has survived through the CCP’s power struggle during the GPCR. He was prosecuted and oppressed by other party members, and was degraded to periphery at the time, however he was never ‘defeated’. Thirdly, I would like to discuss the crucial role that Zhou Enlai played in the“13 September Incident”. Zhou Enlai is a high ranking CCP leader with complete experiences and high recognitions. He has experienced numerous political battles staged by Mao Zedong but he was never completely defeated, which was attributed to his cooperation with Mao Zedong in the GPCR. At the time, Mao ‘s commends was mainly executed by Zhou Enlai who was so called“a valuable and capable assistant”, and did Mao a big favor. In addition, he played an important role in maintaining the power balance among the CCP’s internal factions. In the organization of CCP, he was so important that he could influence the direction of political trends. As a negotiator, Zhou Enlai played a good role in dealing with political and diplomacy affairs of CCP. “. This is probably the fundamental reason of why he played crucial role in the incident of “13 September Incident”.
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