| 摘要: | 明末清初的中國雖然動盪不安，卻也是畫史上在風格創新或繪畫理論方面皆多采多姿的時期。身處在這個時期的戴本孝（1621-1693）終生以明遺民自居，並且熱愛繪畫。他出生於安徽和州，活躍於清初的南京地區。熱愛旅遊的他，一生中除了去過華北，也曾經攀登過華山和黃山等名山，並且留下許多相關的作品。他也主張畫家要多體驗各地的山水景色，認為此舉有助於繪畫創作。在個人風格上，他擅長自明末起盛行的枯筆風格，同時不盲從於仿古主義。 對於這位清初畫家，前人的研究中雖已獲得初步成果，但仍有許多地方值得再加以研究。包括：戴本孝生平與遊歷交友的詳細情況，以及如何影響他的繪畫創作與思想。在個人風格的形成與演變上，其畫風淵源尚有待釐清與補充。在繪畫思想方面也需要更細膩的探究，並瞭解在畫史上的意義和影響情形。因此本文將從戴本孝的生平際遇、遊歷交友、繪畫創作與繪畫思想等方面展開討論，以期使相關研究獲得更豐富的內容，同時增進對清初繪畫的認識與補全。 關鍵詞：戴本孝、清初畫史、明遺民、枯筆、清初南京、仿古主義 Late Ming-early Qing is a turbulent period of history in China, but it is a plentiful period of painting history especially in terms of the development of painting theory and the creation of style. A passionate painter living in this period, Dai Benxiao (1621-1693), regarded himself as a Ming loyalist through his life. He was born in Anhui Hezhou and was active in Nanjing in early Qing. As a enthusiastic traveler, he has been to Huabei and climbed up many famous mountains such as Mt. Hua and Mt. Huang. During his travels, he created many great pieces depicting those resorts. Dai Benxiao claims that a painter should experience the magnificent natural scenery as much as he could, which would inspire and facilitate his creation. In the perspective of style, Dai Benxiao never blindly follows archaism, instead, he is skilled in kubi. Many previous studies have investigated Dai Benxiao and his works. However, they does not explored him in a great length and remains the following issues for further research. First, we will investigate the life story of Dai Benxiao as well as his relationship with friends and then probe how his life experience reshapes his thinking and influence his painting. Most importantly, it is intended to clarify and supplement the background of his painting style. Second, we will focus on Dai Benxiao’s theory on painting and shift to his significance and influence on the Chinese painting history. In short, this thesis aims at having a profound understanding of painting in early Qing through researching on Dai Benxiao’s life experience, his relationship with friends, his creation and his philosophy on painting. Key words: Dai Benxiao, the painting history of early Qing Dynasty, Ming loyalist, kubi, Nanjing in early Qing Dynasty , archaism |
