| 摘要: | 摘要 近年來汽、機車等交通工具大量成長，產生大量的廢棄輪胎，造成環境污染公害問題，廢輪胎本身體積龐大，且不易腐化，用直接掩埋方法不但佔用大量掩埋空間，又不易分解，也不符合經濟效益，若將廢輪胎大量使用在土木工程上，可紓解每年產生大量廢輪胎堆置的問題。 本研究以原型廢輪胎作為擋土牆工程，就實際全程參與桃園縣龍潭鄉牛欄河上游三期整治工程廢輪胎擋土牆護岸作為研究案例參考，同時參考前人對廢輪胎擋土牆相關研究資料，進行一系列廢輪胎擋土牆穩定性與經濟性分析，本研究首先針對實際參與廢輪胎擋土牆現場工程案例區施工過程，配合現場廢輪胎擋土牆護岸完工後裝設監測儀器量測數據作整體性的說明。穩定性分析方面，選定不同高度之廢輪胎擋土牆斷面，根據庫倫土壓力理論計算分析廢輪胎擋土牆穩定性，以檢核底部抗滑動、抗傾倒及基礎承載力之安全係數，並以PC-STABL6程式模擬廢輪胎擋土牆邊坡穩定分析，同時利用FLAC4.0程式模擬分析廢輪胎擋土牆之變位與廢輪胎擋土牆邊坡滑動與位移情形及土體應力分佈狀況。而經濟性分析方面，利用Project 2000軟體分別計算廢輪胎擋土牆與重力式擋土牆施工成本及所需工期，進而比較其兩者擋土牆經濟性與施工性。期盼藉此研究，累積一些廢輪胎擋土牆研究之相關經驗、數據及資料，供未來工程界設計及工程案例調查之參考，以助於未來廢輪胎工程技術規範之建立。 Abstract Over the recent years, such transportation as automobiles and motorcycles keep on the increase significantly that resulted in big quantity of waste tires bringing forth environmental pollution. On account of huge dimensions of waste tires, if we bury such waste tires directly in the waste yard, it would occupy a large space and tires cannot only be dissolved easily but it does not meet the requirements for economies. If huge quantity of waste tires is used for civil works, it will alleviate the issue in stacking and disposal of big quantities in each year. For this study, reference was made to the practical case where the waste tires were used for construction of retaining wall and embankment for Phase III rectification of upper stream of the Newlan River in Lungtam Hsiang, Taoyuan County in which I was involved throughout the entire project. Meanwhile, I made reference to the available studies of use of waste tires for construction of retaining wall and proceeded with series of analysis on the stability and economies of use of waste tires for construction of retaining wall. This study firstly made the integral description of process of field construction using waste tires for construction of retaining wall where I was involved, and parameters acquired thru monitoring instruments installed upon completion of retaining wall that serves as the embankment. With respect to stability analysis, after having selected cross section of retaining wall made of waste tires with different heights and according to Coulomb theory on earth pressure, I operated calculation and analysis on the stability of retaining wall constructed with waste tires for verification of safety of factor of resistance to sliding at the bottom, resistance to collapse and foundation load. In addition, I made use of PC-STABLE 6 program for simulation of analysis on stability of side slope of retaining wall constructed with waste tires. Meanwhile, I made use of FLAC4.0 Program for simulation and analysis on the displacement of retaining wall made of waste tires, the conditions of sliding of side slope of retaining wall made of waste tires as well as the distribution of soil stress. To facilitate analysis on economies, I made use of Project 2000 software for calculation of costs and work duration of construction of retaining wall made of waste tires and the gravity-type retaining wall, made comparison in the economies and the feasibility of construction between the 2 types of construction. It is my earnest hope that this study will bring forth accumulation of experiences, parameters and data in studies of construction of retaining wall with waste tires, which would serve as reference materials relevant to construction engineering and cases of instance that would contribute to the establishment of technical specification relevant to utilization of waste tires in the years to come. |
