| 摘要: | 用過核子燃料最終處置問題，是目前我國能源發展中，重要且必須加緊處理的課題。國際間對於用過核子燃料最終處置辦法已有共識，均認為最安全可行的辦法為深層地質處置。
建設深層地質處置場是ㄧ項龐大複雜的工程，各環節都需警慎評估，以免發生安全上的疑慮。本研究主要針對處置場的溫度場、飽和度、應力問題進行深入探討，所有分析都是透過有限元素軟體Abaqus完成。
本研究參考瑞典核廢料管理公司(SKB)及瑞典核電監察局(SKI)的技術和審查報告進行平行驗證。在分析中以代表體積單元，進行單ㄧ處置孔的分析，完成溫度場及飽和度的平行驗證，得到與文獻相符的結果。由於膨潤土的吸水膨脹性質，使處置場內部產生額外的應力影響，可能造成處置孔壁、回填隧道破壞；為了瞭解吸水膨脹材料參數使用方法，本研究參考SKB文獻提供的吸水膨脹材料試驗，進行平行驗證，得到與文獻相符的結果；後續進行了多組案例，瞭解處置場中吸水膨脹效應之影響，並確認材料間彼此是否交互影響。深層地質處置場中，母岩為重要且難以變更的材料，在選擇處置場的位置時，諸多不利因素難以避免，以裂隙問題最為常見；本研究設計處置場中存在裂隙之模型，進行裂隙效應評估，瞭解裂隙對處置場再飽和時間影響。
;The problem of the final disposal of used nuclear fuel is an important issue in Taiwan’s energy development and must be addressed. There is a consensus internationally on the final disposal of used nuclear fuels, and the safest and most feasible method is the deep geological disposal.
The construction of deep geological disposal sites is a huge and complex project, and safety is the most important consideration. This study focuses on the temperature field, saturation, and stress of the disposal site. Each analysis is done by the finite element software Abaqus. This study review the work by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Corporation (SKB) and the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate (SKI). In the analysis, the representative volume unit was used to analyze the single treatment hole. The temperature and the saturation analysis was completed, and the results consistent with the literature. Due to the bentonite swells, additional stress is generated inside the disposal site, which may cause damage to the disposal hole wall and backfill tunnel. In order to understand how to use the moisture swelling function, this study refers to the swelling pressure test provided by the SKB, and obtain the total stress and void ratio consistent with the literature. Subsequent cases were conducted to understand the effects of the moisture swelling pressure in the repository and to confirm whether the materials interact with each other. In the deep geological disposal site, the rock is an important and difficult to change material. When selecting the location of the repository site, many unfavorable factors are difficult to avoid, the crack problem is the most common. In this study, the model with cracks in repository was designed to evaluate the fracture effect and to understand the effect of the resaturation time.
Keyward: deep geological disposal site, Representative volume unit, bentonite, moisture swelling, fracture |
