考慮軸承撓性及間隙影響下擺線針輪傳動機構之動態負載分析;Dynamic load analysis of Cycloid Pin-Wheel Drives considering the influences of bearing flexibility and clearance

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題名:	考慮軸承撓性及間隙影響下擺線針輪傳動機構之動態負載分析;Dynamic load analysis of Cycloid Pin-Wheel Drives considering the influences of bearing flexibility and clearance
作者:	楊舜皓;Yang, Shun-Hao
貢獻者:	機械工程學系
關鍵詞:	擺線針輪機構;ADAMS;傳動誤差;軸承撓性;動態負載分析;Cycloid pinwheel mechanism;ADAMS;Transmission error;Bearing flexibility;Dynamic load analysis
日期:	2021-01-28
上傳時間:	2021-03-18 17:50:28 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	擺線針輪機構又稱Cyclo 機構，相較於漸開線齒輪機構具有耐衝擊、承受高負載及使用壽命長等優點，在今日產業應用甚廣，如在自動化機械與土木機械等亦可見到。由於在真實狀況，擺線針輪機構中所有軸承為撓性且具有間隙，同時輸出軸爪銷為懸臂樑設計，使得與兩擺線盤接觸剛性不同。因此有必要瞭解在擺線盤偏心運動下，機構各接觸對受到動態負載之接觸特性，如兩盤扭力分配，軸承、擺線—針齒負載以及爪銷等負載變化，受到軸承撓性與間隙之影響。本論文以ADAMS 動態分析軟體分析兩個不同減速比及背隙值案例。首先依據機構運動關係建立拘束條件，分析具加工及組裝誤差之擺線機構傳動在準靜態下的誤差變化，並與已有齒面接觸模型分析結果比較，確認具有高相似度。同時，亦得到準靜態下各接觸元件之負載。其中各接觸對的接觸剛性係由有限元素分析結果轉換而得。在動態下則探討不同轉速、考慮軸承是否為撓性及軸承間隙等3種條件在等轉速及等扭力工作狀況下，對擺線齒輪機構接觸對負載影響。最後則模擬擺線齒輪機構應用於自動化倉儲中的軌道式自走車以及土木機械中的混凝土泵，分別在增減速及週期性衝擊負載工作狀況下，各接觸對負載的變化特性。從分析結果得知爪銷偏心誤差對於傳動誤差影響最大。在相同偏心誤差量下爪銷及針輪偏心對於整體負載影響較大。輸入、輸出軸支撐軸承撓度與間隙對兩擺線盤與針銷、爪銷之接觸負載分配特性影響相當大，不可忽略。由分析結果可驗證，透過本研究所建立的ADAMS 動態分析方法，可以完整模擬擺線針輪機構在真實工作條件下，傳動誤差及各種動態條件下負載變化受到軸承撓度、間隙與加工、組裝誤差等因素的影響。;The cycloid pinwheel mechanism, also named as “Cyclo drive”, has better performance than involute gear mechanism, because of the advantages of good shock absorbability, high load capacity and high life cycle. It’s nowadays widely applied in industry, for example automatic machinery and civil machinery. To meet the actual situations, all bearings in the mechanism are indeed flexible and have clearance. The pins of output shaft are designed as cantilever beam, so that the contact stiffness with the two cycloid discs are different. It is therefore necessary to explore how the contact characteristics of each contact pair of the mechanism, such as the torque distribution of the two cycloid discs, the load variation of bearings, cycloid-pins and pin-shaft, are influenced by the flexibility and clearance of bearings under the eccentric motion of the cycloid disc. Two types of cycloid gear mechanisms with different speed reduction ratios and backlashes are analyzed by using ADAMS dynamic analysis software in this thesis. At first, Quasi-static transmission errors due to machining and assembly errors are calculated based on the constrains from working relations. The results are highly similar to the known results by using tooth contact analysis method. The quasi-static contact loads are also obtained, where the contact stiffness of each contact pair is calculated by FEM software. The influences of different speeds, flexibility and clearance of the bearings on the dynamic contact loads in the gear mechanism are afterwards analyzed and discussed under the conditions of constant speed and transmitted torque. Finally,two application cases from rail-guided vehicle and concrete pump are simulated to explore the characteristics of the load variation of the contact pairs under the working conditions of motion with variable speed and periodical shock, respectively. It can be learned from the analysis results that the eccentric error of the pin shaft has largest influence on the transmission error. The eccentric error of the pin shaft and the pin wheel affect strongly the contact loads with same error amount. Analysis results also show that the contact load distribution among the contact pairs in the two cycloidal discs, the pins and pin-shafts are influenced considerablly by flexibility and clearances of the support bearings for the input and output shaft. It can be verified from the analysis results that the dynamic analysis approach using the ADAMS software proposed in the thesis can effectively simulated and analyzed the complete the cycloid pinwheel mechanism in real working conditions. The influences of flexibility and clearances of the bearings and the machining and assembly errors on the transmission errors and contact loads under any dynamic condition can be therefore explored by the proposed approach.
顯示於類別:	[機械工程研究所] 博碩士論文

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