在本論文中，我們展示了碳作為地磁緯度函數的測量結果。特別是，研究地磁剛度截止以下的碳能譜，發現了一群位於SAA北部區域的Z > 2的被俘獲原子核。這項研究首次觀察到了比氦更重的被俘獲原子核，最重至氖，剛度範圍從1GV到5GV。;Since its discovery by Victor Hess in 1912, the detection of cosmic rays has been instru- mental in advancing our understanding of their origin, propagation, and acceleration mechanisms throughout the galaxy. Over the years, cosmic ray research has played a crucial role not only in particle physics and astrophysics but also in heliospheric studies. Cosmic rays significantly contribute to the study of temporal flux variations due to solar modulation, particle propagation in the Earth’s magnetosphere, and geo- magnetic field structures such as the Van Allen radiation belts or the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a high-energy physics experiment onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Since its installation in 2011, AMS-02 has been continuously operating, collecting cosmic ray events data that allows the measurement of CRs properties and fluxes. The AMS collaboration has presented the flux measurement of Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) nuclei of various species, as well as the temporal variation of a few of them. In this thesis, we present the measurement of carbon as a function of geomagnetic latitude. In particular, the study of the carbon spectra below the geomagnetic rigidity cut-off has led to the identification of a popu- lation of Z>2 trapped nuclei in the northern region of the SAA. This study represents a first-time observation of trapped nuclei heavier than Helium extending up to Neon, with rigidities above 1GV and up to 5GV.
