本研究探討存在主義思想如何影響卡爾羅傑斯（Carl Ransom Rogers，1902-1987）對其理論的發展，特別是在案主中心療法中的具體實踐。羅傑斯是人本主義心理學的代表人物，其理論強調自我實現、個體自由與真實性，這些對人性的看法與存在主義哲學有著密切的聯繫。存在主義強調個體在面對無意義的世界時，透過自由選擇賦予生命意義。本文運用文獻分析法，深入探討了羅傑斯的自我概念與理論的具體實踐和主要存在主義哲學家的思想，揭示了這些哲學觀念如何影響羅傑斯的理論體系。研究結果顯示，羅傑斯的自我實現觀念與對個體自由的重視，深受存在主義哲學的影響，特別是強調內在潛能的實現傾向和自我探索的過程。此外，羅傑斯使用了現象學的方法，發展出一套以人為本的治療模式。這些發現不僅揭示了羅傑斯理論的哲學基礎，還對其在現代心理治療中的應用提出了新的思考，並進一步探討了這些理念在當代心理學實踐中的挑戰與可能性。;This study explores how existentialist thought influenced Carl Ransom Rogers (1902-1987) in the development of his theories, particularly in the concrete practices of client-centered therapy. Rogers, a prominent figure in humanistic psychology, emphasized self-actualization, individual freedom, and authenticity—ideas that closely align with existentialist philosophy. Existentialism asserts that individuals, when faced with an inherently meaningless world, must create meaning through free choice. Through literature analysis, this paper delves into Rogers′ self-concept, his practical theories, and the ideas of key existentialist philosophers, uncovering how these philosophical perspectives shaped Rogers′ theoretical framework. The research reveals that Rogers’ emphasis on self-actualization and individual freedom was significantly influenced by existentialism, particularly in highlighting the actualizing tendency of inner potential and the process of self-exploration. Moreover, Rogers adopted a phenomenological approach, developing a person-centered therapeutic model. These findings not only reveal the philosophical foundations of Rogers’ theory but also provide new insights into its application in modern psychotherapy, while highlighting the challenges and potential possibilities these ideas present in contemporary psychological practice.
