清代晚期由於受到西力東漸的影響，中國內部局勢也不在如以往的穩定,朝廷的處理方式也不夠謹慎，間接地導致國力大幅的衰退，與此同時，傳統中國社會由於受到外國勢力的侵入，西方文化的強勢輸入造成中國社會的波瀾漣漪不斷在內部發酵，在經濟方面，由於西方列強政府都希望逐步發展在中國的貿易，以便搶奪中國龐大的資源,而中國在這段期間所遭受的風風雨雨便是這些西方列強在中國的行為所造成，德國瓦德西將軍被賦予八國聯軍統帥的職位而來到中國，在八國聯軍這段期間，瓦德西也發現到一些中國文化與西方文化的迥異之處，當然可想而知的是，由於他所看到的可能帶有許多西方觀點與主觀意識，因此，需要了解當時中國社會的真實映像則需要有更多的資訊來應證，近代中國的發展與變革的根本之處與其說中國被動去改變，還不如是說國內知識份子與國外交流之後所產生的推動力，當然這也是有包含西洋列強的推力才得以加速近代中國社會的轉變，然而，在舊中國社會依然保留著許多原始的中國印象，中國民眾在這段晚清的歷史發展中也肩負一定的歷史意義與研究價值。;During the late Qing dynasty, influenced by the encroachment of Western powers, China′s internal situation became increasingly unstable. The court′s response was insufficiently cautious, indirectly leading to a significant decline in national strength. Meanwhile, traditional Chinese society experienced continuous internal upheavals as a result of Western cultural incursions. Economically, Western imperialist governments sought to expand trade in China to seize its vast resources. The challenges China faced during this period were largely caused by the actions of these Western powers. General Alfred von Waldersee of Germany was appointed commander of the Eight-Nation Alliance and came to China. During this time, Waldersee observed notable differences between Chinese and Western cultures. However, it is evident that his observations were influenced by Western perspectives and subjective biases. Therefore, a more accurate understanding of Chinese society at that time requires additional corroborative information. The roots of China′s modernization and transformation lie not solely in passive responses to external forces but also in the initiatives of domestic intellectuals influenced by foreign exchanges. This transformation was undoubtedly accelerated by the external pressure from Western powers. However, traditional Chinese society still retained many of its original characteristics. The Chinese people, during this historical development in the late Qing era, carried significant historical importance and research value.
