| 摘要: | 在齒輪箱的設計中，噪音與振動等表現是在設計時較難去做預測的，並且這兩項表現也經常作為齒輪箱驗收時的合格標準。因此如果在設計階段就可以對此進行預測時，將可以減少設計上的時間成本。
在行星齒輪的類型中，複合階梯式行星齒輪係特別的一類行星齒輪機構，在特定情形下擁有接近多階行星齒輪的速比表現，但整體機構又不會過於占用太大的空間。但缺點是在設計時，齒數參數的選定方式過於複雜，導致設計上的困難。故本論文針對不同嚙合相位與行星齒數進行設計規則的分類
而在進行複合階梯式行星齒輪的設計時，考慮到實驗齒輪箱中的元件會在不同案例間共用以降低加工誤差的影響，會出現同一齒輪在不同齒數與中心距下嚙合的情況，因此本研究利用直接齒形設計方法來簡化設計流程。並量測實際加工零件的誤差量值，作為後續程式模擬的參數。
在實驗方面本研究亦設計了一個噪音測試平台，用以監測齒輪箱運轉時的噪音與振動加速度，而程式模擬係利用已發展之準靜態的受載齒面接觸分析(LTCA)來了解齒輪的變形狀況，並利用時域與頻域資料進行分析比較。
本研究透過各嚙合相位以及齒型修整情況下的模擬與實驗傳動誤差波形來比較其中的差異。模擬中不同嚙合相位的情況下傳動誤差的短波會受到行星齒輪嚙合相位的影響，而長波主要是受到托架、行星齒輪軸偏心的影響。實驗中短波傳動誤差亦受到嚙合相位與齒型修整影響，而長波除了偏心以外，也受到實驗器材之安裝誤差影響。噪音與振動則受到齒輪嚙合相位影響，在非主嚙合頻率上面會有峰值產生，且噪音與振動為正相關。
;In gearbox design, noise and vibration are difficult to predict at the design stage and are often used as acceptance criteria for gearboxes. Therefore, if this can be predicted at the design stage, design time costs can be reduced.
Among the types of planetary gears, compound stepped planetary gears are a special type of planetary gear mechanism, which in certain cases have a speed ratio performance close to that of multi-step planetary gears, but the overall mechanism does not take up too much space. However, the disadvantage is that the selection of the number of teeth parameter is too complicated during the design, which leads to the design difficulties. Therefore, this paper focuses on the classification of design rules for different mesh phases and planetary tooth numbers.
In the design of the compound stepped planetary gears, considering the fact that the components in the experimental gearboxes are shared among different cases to minimize the effect of machining errors, and that the same gear is mingled with different numbers of teeth and center distances, this study utilizes the direct tooth shape design method to simplify the design process. In this study, the direct gearing design method was used to simplify the design process, and the error values of the actual machined parts were measured to be used as the parameters for the subsequent program simulation.
A noise test rig was designed to monitor the noise and vibration acceleration of the gearbox during operation, while the program simulation utilized the quasi-static Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis (LTCA) to understand the deformation of the gears, and the time and frequency domain data were used for the analysis and comparison.
In this study, the simulated and experimental transmission error waveforms are compared for each mesh phase and tooth trimming condition. In the simulation, the short-wave transmission error is affected by the mesh phase of the planetary gears, while the long-wave transmission error is mainly affected by the eccentricity of the bracket and the planetary gear shaft. The short-wave transmission error is also affected by the mesh phase and gear trimming, while the long-wave is also affected by the installation error of the experimental equipment in addition to the eccentricity. Noise and vibration are affected by the mesh phase of the gears, and there are peaks in the non-primary mesh frequency, and the noise and vibration are positively correlated. |
