| 摘要: | 摘要
本研究以大溪「華藝佛像家具」為個案，探討大溪木器產業在台灣戰後經濟發展與政策轉變下的發展與轉型過程，主要在剖析大溪傳統木器業如何在面對市場變遷與產業衝擊中調整經營策略，延續文化價值與產業生命力。研究關注的主軸包括產業興盛的歷史背景、政策環境的影響、以及業者的因應之道。研究資料來自《臺灣省統計要覽》、《台灣省統計年報》、《臺灣省林業統計》、《桃園縣統計年報》、《桃園市立大溪木藝生態博物館年報2020》、《中華民國銀行公會會員聯合辦理產業調查報告》、《桃園市立木藝生態博物館年報2020》、報紙史料、政府政策，前人研究成果、以及對華藝佛像家具經營者的口述訪談。研究方法上採用質性研究法和田野調查與質性訪談並行，輔以政策脈絡檢視，以呈現政策、產業與個體間的互動關係。
1950年代至1970年代，隨著政府推動「進口替代」與「出口導向」政策，大量原木進口以及扶植傳統工藝品外銷，促進了木器業的快速發展。華藝佛像家具在此階段成立，專注於佛像與宗教家具的製作，受惠於宗教市場和生活家具的需求成長與支持。然而，1980年代後期，開始受限於森林禁伐政策與國際市場開放，大溪傳統木器業面臨原料短缺與外銷萎縮的雙重壓力。華藝開始轉向佛像藝術雕刻、精緻典藏家具發展與工藝深耕，積極導入創新設計與精品藝術家具意識，提升附加價值。
研究結果顯示，政策因素如原木進口管制、政策推動、經濟發展、市場需求、技術人才等，皆對大溪木器業產生關鍵影響。華藝佛像家具的因應策略不僅展現地方木器業者的應變能力，也為其他傳統產業提供了文化轉型與產業升級的參考模式。
關鍵詞：精緻化轉型、佛像藝術雕刻、精品藝術家具、創新、市場區隔
;Abstract
This study takes Hua Yi Buddhist Furniture, a representative enterprise in Daxi, as a case to explore the development and transformation of the Daxi woodcraft industry in the context of Taiwan’s postwar economic growth and shifting policy environment. The main objective is to analyze how traditional woodcraft industries in Daxi adjusted their business strategies to sustain both cultural values and industrial vitality amid market changes and external pressures. Key focuses of this research include the historical trajectory of the industry’s prosperity, the influence of governmental policies, and the adaptive strategies of individual businesses.
Research materials are drawn from the 2020 Taoyuan City Woodcraft Eco-Museum Annual Report, historical newspapers, government policy documents, previous academic studies, and oral interviews with the founder of Hua Yi Buddhist Furniture. Methodologically, this study adopts a qualitative research approach, combining fieldwork, in-depth interviews, and policy contextual analysis to examine the interplay between policy, industry, and enterprise behavior.
Between the 1950s and 1970s, under Taiwan’s “import substitution” and “export-oriented” economic policies, large volumes of timber were imported and traditional handicraft exports were subsidized, fueling rapid growth in the woodcraft sector. Hua Yi was established during this era, focusing on the production of Buddhist and religious furniture, benefiting from the growing demand in both religious and domestic furniture markets. However, after the 1980s, due to the domestic logging ban (enacted in 1989) and global trade liberalization, Taiwan’s traditional wood industries faced a dual crisis of raw material shortages and declining exports. In response, Hua Yi shifted toward refined, collectible wood furniture, emphasizing craftsmanship, innovative design, and the development of artistic value-added products.
The study concludes that policy factors—including raw material import restrictions, economic development policies, market demands, and technical labor availability—have played a crucial role in shaping the Daxi woodcraft industry. Hua Yi’s adaptive strategies demonstrate the resilience of local enterprises and provide a valuable reference for other traditional industries seeking cultural transformation and industrial upgrading. |
