椎間盤材料模型對腰椎生物力學響應之影響

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題名:	椎間盤材料模型對腰椎生物力學響應之影響
作者:	呂昕旻;Lu, Xin-Min
貢獻者:	機械工程學系
關鍵詞:	腰椎;多孔隙彈性體;彈性體;椎板間穩定器;韌帶預力;生物力學響應;Lumbar Spine;Poroelastic;Linear Elastic;Interlamina Device;Ligament Pretension;Biomechanical Response
日期:	2025-07-21
上傳時間:	2025-10-17 13:05:12 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本研究建立椎間盤為多孔隙彈性體的腰椎有限元素模型，探討腰椎的生物力學影響應進，並與椎間盤為彈性體性質的結果進行比較。建構的有限元素模型為L3–L5節段，模擬健康與退化兩種腰椎狀態，搭配分層纖維環結構與0.25 MPa內壓以提升模型的真實性與剛性設定之合理性。此外探討腰椎植入椎板間穩定器（IntraSPINE）或新型椎板間穩定器（SLDD）後之生物力學響應，設計三種韌帶預力條件以模擬植入物撐起距離的臨床差異，以評估植入物的穩定性與對鄰近節段的影響。研究結果顯示，相較於彈性體模型，多孔隙彈性體在模擬中能更清楚呈現退化狀態下髓核內部壓力下降與纖維環應力上升的現象，並能反映鄰近節段產生代償性活動度增加的趨勢，特別在旋轉與側彎等負載下，其活動度與應力差異更為明顯。此外，多孔隙彈性體在各種運動模式下皆能有效模擬椎間盤的吸震與能量分散機制，其所呈現之應力分佈與變形行為相較於彈性體更具有分佈均勻、變形穩定的特性，特別適合應用於退化狀態下椎間盤行為之分析。在植入物方面，模擬結果顯示，無論在健康或退化模型中，韌帶預力皆顯著影響椎間盤應力分布。植入物可分擔部分原本集中於椎間盤的應力，轉移至自身結構，使椎間盤即使應力略升，亦可由纖維環支撐吸收而獲得緩解。雖先前研究指出SLDD效能優於IntraSPINE，但在本研究採用的多孔隙超彈性體材料模擬中，兩者皆展現良好支撐與應力分散效果。本研究的限制包括未納入肌肉受力、韌帶以簡化彈簧元素模擬、椎骨材料性質未採非等向性設定、僅使用單向流固耦合方式，以及未考慮結構對流體的反饋影響。 ;In this study, a finite element model of the lumbar spine (L3–L5) was developed with the intervertebral disc represented as a poroelastic to investigate the biomechanical behavior of the lumbar spine. The results were compared with those obtained from a model in which the disc was defined as a Linear Elastic. Both healthy and degenerated lumbar conditions were simulated, and a layered annulus fibrosus structure with an internal pressure of 0.25 MPa was applied to enhance the physiological accuracy and mechanical realism of the model. Additionally, the biomechanical responses after implantation of an interlaminar stabilization device (IntraSPINE) or a novel device (SLDD) were examined. Three ligament pretension conditions were designed to simulate clinical differences in the distraction force applied by implants, in order to evaluate their stabilizing effects and influence on adjacent segments. The results showed that, compared to the elastic model, the poroelastic model more clearly reflected the reduction in nucleus pulposus pressure and the increase in annulus fibrosus stress under degenerative conditions. It also better captured the compensatory increase in motion of adjacent segments. These differences were particularly pronounced under rotational and lateral bending loads. Furthermore, the poroelastic model more effectively simulated the shock absorption and energy dissipation mechanisms of the disc under various motion scenarios, with stress distributions and deformation patterns that more closely resembled physiological conditions. This makes it especially suitable for modeling degenerated intervertebral discs. Regarding the implants, the simulations indicated that ligament pretension had a significant influence on stress distribution in both healthy and degenerated models. The implants helped redistribute some of the disc loading onto the device itself, thereby alleviating stress concentrations. Even when slight increases in disc stress occurred, they could be mitigated by the structural support of the annulus fibrosus. Although previous studies have reported superior performance of the SLDD compared to IntraSPINE, both devices demonstrated good stability and stress-relief capabilities in the poro-hyperelastic disc model used in this study. Limitations of this study include the exclusion of muscle forces, simplified ligament representation using spring elements, isotropic material assumptions for vertebrae, the use of one-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI), and the lack of feedback from structural deformation to fluid behavior.
顯示於類別:	[機械工程研究所] 博碩士論文

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