| 摘要: | 緊急轉向可持續建築對於越南等發展中經濟體至關重要，因為快速的城市化、資源枯竭和環境退化威脅著長期的社會與經濟穩定。本研究系統地調查了阻礙越南混凝土行業採用環保建材的多面向障礙。綜合文獻回顧確定了六大主要障礙類別：技術、經濟、法規、社會、認知和應用過程因素。技術限制包括材料質量不穩定、缺乏現場測試能力和設計標準不足，經濟障礙則來自高昂的前期投資成本、缺乏財務激勳和市場不穩定。法規挑戰涉及政策發展緩慢、指導方針模糊以及繁瑣的審批程序。社會和認知因素——例如風險規避、有限的培訓和成功範例的宣傳不足——進一步拖延了向綠色實踐轉型的過程。為了實證驗證這些發現，本研究採用了結構化問卷，並分發給建築專業人士、政策制定者和行業利益相關者。問卷設計基於廣泛的質性洞察，並通過與領域專家的試驗測試進行改進。數據使用結構方程模型（SEM）進行定量分析，利用SPSS和AMOS軟件，嚴格檢驗了識別的障礙群體對利益相關者意圖及實際採用環保建材的直接和間接影響。結果顯示，經濟障礙對應用環保混凝土材料的意圖具有最強的負面影響，而法規障礙也有顯著但相對較弱的影響。相反，一旦經濟和法規層面被控制，技術、社會和認知障礙的直接影響變得較弱或在統計上不顯著，儘管這些因素仍然與並加強了主要的經濟和制度性限制。研究結果表明，減少財務風險、改善經濟激勳和澄清法規框架比單純的技術干預對推動採用更具決定性作用。本文最後提出了一系列綜合政策和管理建議——如財務支持機制、協調的綠色標準、針對性的培訓計劃和示範項目——旨在增強利益相關者的信心、提高市場準備度，並加速越南混凝土行業中環保材料的主流應用。
關鍵字：可持續建築；挑戰；綠色建材
;The urgent shift toward sustainable construction is essential for developing economies such as Vietnam, where rapid urbanization, resource depletion, and environmental degradation threaten long-term social, economic stability. This research systematically investigates the multifaceted barriers impeding the adoption of eco-friendly construction materials in Vietnam′s concrete sector. A comprehensive literature review identifies six primary categories of barriers: technical, economic, regulatory, social, awareness-related, and application-process factors. Technical constraints include inconsistent material quality, lack of field testing capabilities, and limited design standards, while economic barriers stem from high up-front investment costs, the absence of financial incentives, and market instability. Regulatory challenges encompass slow policy development, vague guidelines, and complicated approval procedures. Social and awareness factors—such as risk aversion, limited training, and poor dissemination of successful examples—further stall the transition toward greener practices. To empirically validate these findings, the study employed a structured questionnaire distributed among construction professionals, policy makers, and industry stakeholders. The survey’s design was based on extensive qualitative insights and refined through pilot testing with domain experts. Data was quantitatively analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SPSS and AMOS software, allowing for rigorous examination of both direct and indirect effects of the identified barrier groups on stakeholder intention and the practical adoption of eco-friendly materials. The results show that economic barriers exert the strongest negative influence on the intention to apply eco-friendly concrete materials, while regulatory barriers also have a significant but comparatively weaker effect. In contrast, once economic and regulatory dimensions are controlled, the direct effects of technical, social, and awareness-related barriers become weaker or statistically non-significant, although these factors still correlate with and reinforce the dominant economic and institutional constraints. The findings suggest that reducing financial risks, improving economic incentives, and clarifying regulatory frameworks are more decisive for promoting adoption than purely technical interventions. The thesis concludes with an integrated set of policy and managerial recommendations—such as financial support mechanisms, harmonized green standards, targeted training programmes, and demonstration projects—aimed at enhancing stakeholder confidence, improving market readiness, and accelerating the mainstream application of eco-friendly materials in Vietnam’s concrete sector.
Keywords: Sustainable construction; challenges; green materials |
