| 摘要: | 近年因全球生產基地移轉與廠房租金上升，企業面臨產線空間縮減的挑戰，如何在有限空間內維持原有產能與物流流暢度，成為製造業重要課題。本研究以某電子設備組裝產線為對象，針對其現行作業流程中存在的動線冗長、物料配置不佳與作業順序未優化等問題，採用 ECRS（Eliminate、Combine、Rearrange、Simplify）原則及動線分析進行改善研究。
研究首先蒐集產線現況資料，包含人員作業步驟、物料搬運動線與工位佈置等資訊，並透過人、機、料、法、環架構診斷產線瓶頸。接著以 ECRS 原則重新檢視作業流程，透過刪除不必要動作、整併重複步驟、調整作業順序與簡化操作方式，使流程更符合實際工作動線。此外，本研究以動線分析比對改善前後人員移動距離，並重新規劃物料補給策略，由原先一次性搬入大量物料，改為依作業階段分批進料，以降低空間占用並提升物料可視性。
透過改善後的流程與佈置，本研究在不增加設備投資的前提下，有效減少人員移動距離，降低物料存放空間需求，同時提升工位間銜接效率。實證結果顯示，改善方案可縮短整體作業時間並維持產能水準，證明 ECRS 原則結合動線分析可作為提升產線空間效率的有效方法。
本研究成果可提供廠房空間受限或正面臨產線縮減需求的製造企業做為佈置規劃
與流程改善之參考。;In recent years, global production relocation and rising facility costs have forced manufacturers to operate within reduced factory space. Maintaining production capacity and efficient material flow under such constraints has become a critical challenge. This study examines an electronics assembly line with inefficiencies caused by lengthy operator movement,suboptimal material placement, and non-ideal task sequencing. To address these issues, the ECRS principles（Eliminate, Combine, Rearrange, Simplify）and flow analysis are applied toredesign the workflow and improve space utilization.
The research begins with on-site data collection, including operator tasks, material handling routes, and workstation layout. Using the Man–Machine–Material–Environment–Method framework, bottlenecks are identified. ECRS principles are then used to streamline operations by removing unnecessary actions, consolidating repetitive tasks, reorganizing process sequences, and simplifying procedures to match natural movement. A revised material supply strategy is also introduced: materials are delivered in staged batches rather than all at once, reducing space usage and improving material visibility.
The improvements reduce operator travel distance, lower storage requirements, and enhance workstation connectivity without additional equipment investment. Results show shorter overall processing time while maintaining production capacity, confirming that combining ECRS with flow analysis is an effective method for improving space efficiency.
These findings offer practical reference for manufacturers facing space limitations or seeking to optimize layout and workflow. |
