| 摘要: | 本論文試圖以海德格的《存有與時間》為線索來探討人類個體，亦即「此在（Dasein）」的存有以及原初真理作為「揭蔽（Unconcealment）」之關聯。在海德格看來，傳統的真理理論侷限在了認識論的範圍，亦即真理的所在是陳述語句。只有當陳述與其所描述之事實相符應，真理才可以被獲得。然而海德格認為，原初的真理意義必須回到古希臘的「Aletheia」一詞：亦即事物從其隱蔽中揭示出來，讓我們發現。而此真理必須以存有論的意義來理解。因為原初的真理現象是屬於「此在」的存有狀態。真理並非僅存在於陳述與事實相符應，而是在於「此在」對於事物、世界、以及自身存有之開顯或揭示。陳述對於事實的指示僅是「此在」存有作為「開顯性（disclosedness）」的一種衍生樣態。就此而言，海德格所謂的原初真理並不是對於傳統真理理論的反對，或是建構新的真理理論作為取代，而是探問真理理論之所以可能的基礎。
本論文區分為五個章節。第一章為本論文的導論。第二章說明海德格的哲學立場以及他對存有論現象學的定義。隨後是對「此在」存有論之分析，解釋「此在」如何開顯世界、事物、以及自身的存有。第四章統整「此在」存有的整體結構，分析海德格所謂的原初真理意義作為「揭蔽」，並討論「此在」與真理之關係。最後是本論文的總結以及研究展望。
;This paper attempts to explore the relationship between the Being of human individuals, namely "Dasein," and primordial truth as "Unconcealment" (Aletheia), taking Heidegger′s Being and Time as its guiding thread. In Heidegger′s view, traditional theories of truth are confined to the epistemological domain, where the “locus of truth” is the assertion or proposition. Truth can only be obtained when an assertion corresponds to the facts it describes. However, Heidegger argues that the primordial meaning of truth must return to the ancient Greek term "Aletheia": that is, things are revealed from their hiddenness and allowed to be discovered by us. This truth must be understood in an ontological sense, because the primordial phenomenon of truth belongs to Dasein’s state of Being. Truth does not merely exist in the correspondence between assertion and facts, but rather in Dasein′s disclosure or revelation of entities, the world, and its own Being. The indication of facts by assertions is merely a derivative mode of Dasein′s Being as "disclosedness." In this regard, what Heidegger means by primordial truth is not an opposition to traditional theories of truth, nor is it the construction of a new theory of truth as a replacement; rather, it is an inquiry into the foundation that makes theories of truth possible.
This paper is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is introduction. In chapter two, we will explicate Heidegger’s philosophical position and his definition of phenomenology. The third chapter is the analysis of Dasein, elucidating how Dasein discloses the world, entities, and its Being. Chapter four discusses about the structure of Dasein’s Being as a whole, then examines Heidegger’s conception of primordial truth as “unconcealment”, and explores the relationship between Dasein and truth. The final chapter of this paper are the conclusion and some research prospects. |
