智慧型感測器網絡嵌入式硬體設計和實作

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：44

、訪客IP：3.133.122.6

姓名

郭星辰(Guo Xingchen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

智慧型感測器網絡嵌入式硬體設計和實作
(Embedded Hardware Design and Implementation of Smart Sensor Network)

相關論文

★ 整合GRAFCET虛擬機器的智慧型控制器開發平台	★ 分散式工業電子看板網路系統設計與實作
★ 設計與實作一個基於雙攝影機視覺系統的雙點觸控螢幕	★ 智慧型機器人的嵌入式計算平台
★ 一個即時移動物偵測與追蹤的嵌入式系統	★ 一個固態硬碟的多處理器架構與分散式控制演算法
★ 基於立體視覺手勢辨識的人機互動系統	★ 整合仿生智慧行為控制的機器人系統晶片設計
★ 嵌入式無線影像感測網路的設計與實作	★ 以雙核心處理器為基礎之車牌辨識系統
★ 基於立體視覺的連續三維手勢辨識	★ 微型、超低功耗無線感測網路控制器設計與硬體實作
★ 串流影像之即時人臉偵測、追蹤與辨識─嵌入式系統設計	★ 一個快速立體視覺系統的嵌入式硬體設計
★ 即時連續影像接合系統設計與實作	★ 基於雙核心平台的嵌入式步態辨識系統

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

現有的智慧感測器系統常缺乏對多感測器的有效管理機制，因此導致處理器負擔大、工作效率低並且耗電量大；而基於處理器的現場總線協議和IEEE1451的智慧感測器開發正面臨即時性、可靠度和硬體成本等多重挑戰。本論文提出一個創新的智慧感測器網路架構，可以有效降低功耗、提高即時效能，並且具有更佳的感測器管理性能。系統包含全硬體化的智慧感測器節點、智慧感測器網路閘道器和基於C++builder的客戶端智慧感測器網路監控程式。
我們所設計的系統符合智慧感測器定義的非線性校正、自補償、自檢、自診斷，同時進一步滿足智慧感測網路定義的感測器新增拔除、訊號擷取、故障偵測、模式控制、自動配置等功能。系統中以硬體化的Modbus模組為智慧感測器網路通訊基礎，另外採用CRC校驗、ARQ和漢明碼糾錯相配合的機制，以增進即時通訊的可靠度。本研究利用MIAT嵌入式硬體設計方法論進行所有功能模組的嵌入式硬體實作，可提供智慧感測網路的最高性能。此外，系統鮑率、Modbus功能碼和系統模組都可以方便調整並重新配置，兼顧了系統性能和靈活性。最後我們所實現的FPGA雛型系統在使用Altera Cyclone III-C25 FPGA和利用杜邦線短距離通訊的條件下，最高鮑率可達7.06Mbps，網路節點的響應時間為73.8us，網路資料傳輸成功率100%，無資料丟失現象，符合實時性和可靠性的系統需求。

摘要(英)

Existing smart sensor system often lacks effective management mechanisms for multi-sensor system, resulting in a large burden on the processor, low efficiency and high power consumption; while it’s difficult for smart sensor based on processor-based fieldbus protocol and IEEE1451 to achieve the goal of real-time, reliability, low-cost and so on. This paper presents an innovative intelligent sensor network architecture that can effectively reduce power consumption, improve real-time performance, and has a better management performance. This system consists of smart sensor nodes, smart sensor network gateway, both hardware realized , and a client monitoring program base on C++ builder.
The system we designed meets the definition of smart sensor, such as non-linear calibration, self-compensating, self-inspection and self-diagnosis. What’s more, this system further meets the definition of smart sensor network, like nodes added detection, nodes removal detection, signal acquisition, fault detection, mode control, ID configuration. System uses Modbus hardware modules as the network communication infrastructure. In addition, we adopted the CRC, ARQ and Hamming code error correction mechanism to improve the reliability of real-time communication. In this study, we used Hierarchical Robotic Discrete-Event Modeling for the hardware implementation of all embedded functional modules. Additionally, the baud rate, Modbus functions and hardware modules can be easily adjusted and reconfigured, raising system performance and flexibility. Finally, we implemented FPGA prototype system by using Altera Cyclone III-C25 FPGA and DuPont lines. Under this short-range communication condition, the maximum system baud rate speeds up to 7.06Mbps, the node response time is only 73.8us, and data transfer success rate achieves 100%, with no data losing phenomenon. The system is in line with real time and reliability of system requirements.

關鍵字(中)

★ 智慧感測器
★ 智慧感測器網絡
★ 硬體化
★ Modbus
★ 嵌入式
★ FPGA

關鍵字(英)

★ Smart Sensor
★ Smart Sensor Network
★ Hardware
★ Modbus
★ Embedded
★ FPGA

論文目次

摘要 II
Abstract VII
誌謝 VIII
目錄 IX
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XVII
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目標 3
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章、文獻回顧 5
2.1 智慧感測器 5
2.1.1 智慧感測器類型 5
2.1.2 智慧感測器功能和特點 6
2.1.3 IEEE1451標準 7
2.1.4 智慧感測器實現方案 9
2.2 無線感測器網路 13
2.2.1 無線感測器網路概述 13
2.2.2 無線感測器網路的特點和關鍵技術 14
2.2.3 無線感測器網路的研究動態 16
2.3 現場總線 19
2.3.1 現場總線概述 19
2.3.2 現場總線現狀比較和分析 20
2.3.3 Modbus現場總線協議概述 22
2.3.4 Modbus應用層協議 23
2.3.5 Modbus串列鏈結層實現 26
2.3.6 Modbus 性能評估指標 29
第三章、智慧感測器網路系統設計 33
3.1 總體方案選擇 33
3.2 系統架構圖及分析 34
3.2.1 智慧感測器節點架構 34
3.2.2 智慧感測器閘道器架構 36
3.2.3 客戶端架構 37
3.3 系統功能設計 38
3.3.1 智慧型感測器功能設計 38
3.3.2 智慧網路閘道器功能設計 39
3.3.3 客戶端功能設計 40
第四章、智慧感測網路系統實作 41
4.1 硬體合成方法論 41
4.2 功能輔助模組 43
4.2.1 計時器 43
4.2.2 狀態記錄 43
4.2.3 分頻器 44
4.3 通訊模組 44
4.3.1 Uart模組 44
4.3.2 幀發送模組 47
4.3.3 幀接受模組 48
4.4 感測器管理模組 49
4.5 客戶端通訊模組 51
4.6 智慧感測器節點 52
4.7 智慧感測器閘道器 53
4.8 客戶端軟體 54
第五章、智慧感測器網路系統整合和測試 56
5.1 硬體開發環境 56
FPGA開發平台 56
SIOC 58
感測器周邊 58
5.2 智慧感測器節點效能實驗 59
5.3 智慧感測器網路功能實驗 62
5.3.1 智慧感測器新增驗證 62
5.3.2 智慧感測器編號配置驗證 62
5.3.3 智慧感測器訊號擷取驗證 63
5.3.4 智慧感測網路模式控制驗證 64
5.3.5 智慧感測器故障偵測驗證 64
5.3.6 智慧感測器拔除偵測驗證 65
5.4 智慧感測器網路性能分析 66
5.4.1智慧感測網路性能分析 66
5.4.2智慧感測網路實時性分析 69
5.4.3智慧感測網路可靠性分析 69
第六章、結論 71
6.1 結論 71
6.2 未來展望 72
參考文獻 74
附錄一 78
計時器模組 78
狀態記錄模組 78
分頻器模組 79
附錄二 80
並列串列轉換模組 80
串列並列轉換模組 80
漢明碼編碼模組 81
漢明碼譯碼模組 81
附錄三 82
CRC校驗模組 82
幀發送模組 83
幀接受模組 84
附錄四 85
感測器管理模組 85
I2C_Sart模組 86
I2C_Stop模組 86
I2C_Ack模組 87
I2C_NoAck模組 87
I2C_WaitAck模組 88
I2C_SendByte模組 88
附錄五 89
感測器節點主控模組 89

參考文獻

[1] 感測器. Available: http://baike.baidu.com/view/16431.htm
[2] Y. Z. a. Y. Gu, "Progress of Smart Sensor and Smart Sensor Networks," presented at the World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, Hangzhou,P.R.China, 2001.
[3] H. Y. Ying Zhang*, "Modeling and characterization of supercapacitors for wireless sensor network applications," Power Sources, 29 November 2011.
[4] 週浩敏，錢政, 智能傳感技術與系統: 北京航空航天大學出版社, 2008.
[5] Y. H.-B. Lv Yong, Wang Tian-ran and Yang Zhi-jia, "Fieldbus Interoperation Technologies," presented at the Word Congress on Intelligent Control and Automaion, Hangzhou,P.R.China, 2004.
[6] MODICON, "Modicon Modbus Protocol Reference Guide," June 1996.
[7] T. Tutorial, "Introduction to MODBUS," 2002.
[8] E. Mohamed, "Design of a Communication Protocol Interface based on Standard IEEE 1451 Applied on a Smart Sensor Using DSP," Master of Engineering, Communication and Information Systems, Harbin Engineering University 2011.
[9] J.-H. D. Ching-Han Chen, and Chen-Yuan Chen, "The Design and Synthesis Using Hierarchical Robotic Discrete-Event Modeling," Journal of Vibration and Control, 2012.
[10] R. J. Mayer, "IDEF0 Function Modeling," Air Force Systems Command, May 1992.
[11] X. W. Mlinling Zhu, Xiangxing Kong and Xinpeng Gan, "A Universal Smart Temperature Sensor For The Rmocouples," 2011.
[12] L. J. a. Z. H. Wu Zhongjie, "Development of NCAP for IEEE1451 Standard Smart Sensor," presented at the International Symposium on Test Automation and Instrumentation, 2006.
[13] Y. BaoJun, "Research And Implement in Networked Smart Sensor," Master of Engineering, Instrument Sciences and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 2006.
[14] 王虹雲, "基於藍牙技術的無線智能傳感器系統的研究," 碩士論文, 測試計量技術及儀器, 吉林大學, 2006.
[15] A. B. Juan V. Capella, Rafael Ors, Miguel Peris, "In line river monitoring of nitrate concentration by means of a Wireless Sensor Network with energy harvesting," Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 12 November 2012.
[16] Y. Shaojun, "Research on Key Techniques of Wireless Sensor Networks," Degree of Doetor of PhilosoPhy, Circuits and Svstem, Northwestern Polyteehnieal University, 2006.
[17] J. B. Alvaro Araujo*, Elena Romero and Daniel Villanueva, "Security in cognitive wireless sensor networks Challenges and open problems," Wireless Communications and Networking, 2012.
[18] 陳聞傑, "無線傳感器網絡與應用研究," 博士論文, 計算機科學與工程系, 復旦大學, 2006.
[19] 滑楠, "無線傳感器網絡相關理論與應用研究," 博士論文, 電路與系統, 西北工業大學, 2007.
[20] S. L. WANG Fu-Bao, REN Feng-Yuan, "Self-Localization Systems and Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks," Journal of Software, 2004.
[21] X. Jinxing, "Research and Design of Wireless Sensor Network," Master of Engineering, College of Computer Scienee, Zhejiang University, 2005.
[22] L. J. a. G. Hong, "Survey on Sensor Network Research," Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2008.
[23] Y. H.-b. Z. P. W. Z.-f. L. Y. S. Zhi-jun, "Study of Communication Protocol of Distributed Sensor Network," Journal Of China Institute Of Communications, vol. Vol.25 No.10, October 2004.
[24] Y. F. Mei Chuangshe "Network Integration and Application Research of Fieldbus and DCS," presented at the 2012 International Conference on Education Technology and Management Engineering Lecture Notes in Information Technology, 2012.
[25] H. W. a. Y. S. Zhijia Yang "Study on Robust Foundation Fieldbus Architecture Based on Improved FBC0409," presented at the 2012 International Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Automation Advances in Biomedical Engineering, 2012.
[26] 閔建華, "Fieldbus技術的研發方向," 科技廣場, pp. P234-237, 2007.
[27] 孫鷗, "基於Modbus協議的總線系統設計研究," 碩士論文, 自動化學院, 重慶大學, 2005.
[28] 現場總線. Available: http://baike.baidu.com/view/15180.htm
[29] Y. L. Chengbo Yu, Cheng Wang, "Research on ZigBee Wireless Sensors Network Based on ModBus Protocol," Scientific Research, 2009.
[30] P. Yue, "Research of Modbus Protocol and Design of The Experiment System," Master of Engineering, Electrical Machine and Apparatus and automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2007.
[31] C.-M. K. Ching-Han Chen, Sheng-Hsien Hsieh and Chen-Yuan Chen "High efficient VLSI implementation of probabilistic neural network image interpolator," Journal of Vibration and Control, 22 October 2012.
[32] T.-K. Y. Ching-Han Chen, Jia-Hong Dai, and Chen-Yuan Chen, "A pipelined multiprocessor SOC design methodology for streaming signal processing," Journal of Vibration and Control, 16 October 2012.
[33] R. David, "Grafcet :A powerful tool for specification of logic controllers," IEEE Transon control systems technology, vol. Volume3, pp. p253-268, 1995.
[34] B. K. G. a. P. R. L. Dua, "30 BIT Hamming Code for Error Detection and Correction with Even Parity and Odd Parity Check Method by using VHDL," International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. Volume 35– No.13, December 2011.
[35] B. K. G. a. R. L. Dua*, "Review Paper On Communication By Hamming Code Methodologies," Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, pp. 52-54, 5 May 2012.
[36] E. Hwang, "Implementing an I2C Master Bus Controller in a FPGA " April 2008.
[37] D. P. a. D. Ye, "Design of I2C Bus Slave Mode Control Core Based on VHDL," Fire Control Radar Technology, vol. Vol.37 No.4, Dec. 2008.
[38] Sensirion. SHT1x_datasheet. Available: www.sensirion.com
[39] Altera. DE2-115 User Manual. Available: www.terasic.com
[40] 浯陽科技. (2010). MIAT_C3X_user_manual_V1.00. Available: http://www.wu-yang.com.tw/introduction.php
[41] 陳慶瀚, "智慧型 IO 控制器SIOC與應用系統開發與應用系統開發 " MIAT實驗室講義, 2010.

指導教授

陳慶瀚(Pierre Chen)

審核日期

2013-7-3

推文