以軟體為基準的助聽器模擬平台之發展-方向性麥克風

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姓名

黃瀚論(Han-Lun Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

以軟體為基準的助聽器模擬平台之發展-方向性麥克風
(Development of a Software-Based Simulation Platform for Hearing Aid-Directional Microphone)

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摘要(中)

本研究的目的為發展以軟體為基準的助聽器模擬平台，而在本論文中主要模擬助聽器上的麥克風策略，並且藉由我們的平台了解助聽器功能，提供給聽力受損者、臨床人員和醫生一個輔助工具，並且幫助聽力受損者選擇合適的助聽器。我們的助聽器模擬平台主要包含麥克風策略、噪音消除、與寬動態範圍壓縮(Wide Dynamic Range Compression, WDRC)。為了讓模擬平台能夠讓使用者選擇不同助聽器公司的策略，所以我們透過專利文獻來模擬出四家助聽器公司的麥克風策略，分別是GN ReSound Canta、Sonic Innovation Natura 、Siemens Aktiengesellschaft與Oticon Syncro，並且模擬出另外一種常用於麥克風策略上的Griffiths-Jim Beamformer演算法。透過主觀評量(波形圖、聲譜圖、聆聽聲音)與客觀評量(平均式訊噪比、對數頻譜失真)來評估麥克風策略以及麥克風策略與噪音消除策略結合後的噪音消除的效能。模擬結果顯示，麥克風策略的效能在主觀評量上我們可以發現波形與聲譜上的共振峰變清楚，且透過聆聽聲音發現語音品質被改善許多，另外透過客觀評量發現四家公司麥克風策略都有效提升訊噪比4到6 dB，而Griffiths-Jim Beamformer麥克風策略效果提高了3到4 dB。接著我們將四家公司的麥克風策略和Griffiths-Jim Beamformer麥克風策略各別與各家不同公司的噪音消除策略做結合後，再與WDRC結合，結果顯示更能改善語音信號的訊噪比。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this research is to develop a software-based simulation platform for hearing aid. In this thesis, the main focus was on the microphone processing strategy for hearing aid. This study provides a software-based simulation platform for hearing aid, as an assistive tool, for the hearing impaired and clinician to experience hearing aid function and choose appropriate hearing aid. The platform contains microphone strategy, noise reduction, and wide dynamic range compression (WDRC). In this study, microphone processing strategies from four different hearing aid companies were simulated based on the patent literature of GN ReSound (Canta), Sonic Inovation (Natura), Siemens (Aktiengesellschaft), and Oticon (Syncro) to allow users to experience different hearing aid company’’s strategies. Through subjective quality evaluation (waveform, spectrogram, listening) as well as objective quality evaluation (average SNR, log-spectral distance) to assess the microphone strategy, noise reduction strategy combining with microphone strategy of noise elimination performance. For comparison purpose, another commonly used microphones strategy, known as Griffiths-Jim Beamformer Algorithm, was also simulated. In the subjective evaluation, we found that the speech waveform and formant frequencies of the speech spectrogram become clear, and the the voice quality by listening to the sound was better. In addition, through the objective assessment, we found that microphone processing strategies from four hearing-aid companies have effectively enhanced the microphone signal to noise ratio of 4 to 6 dB and the Griffiths-Jim Beamformer strategy improved microphone signal 3 to 4 dB. Furthere improvements of SNRs were shown after we combined four microphone processing strategies and the Griffiths-Jim Beamformer microphone strategy with respective noise reduction strategies from different companies, and the WDRC.

關鍵字(中)

★ 助聽器
★ 模擬平台
★ 麥克風

關鍵字(英)

★ Hearing Aid
★ Microphone
★ Simulation Platform

論文目次

摘要...……………………………………………………………….…I
Abstract…………………………………………………………….…III
致謝…………………………………………………………….….…..V
目錄…………………………………………………………….……..VI
圖目錄.....................................................................................................X
表目錄..................................................................................................XVII
第一章緒論..............................................................................................1
1.1 研究動機......................................................................................1
1.2 助聽器介紹..................................................................................2
1.2.1回饋音消除…....................................................................3
1.2.2噪音消除............................................................................4
1.2.2麥克風介紹........................................................................5
1.2.2 方向性麥克風...................................................................6
1.3 文獻探討....................................................................................10
1.3.1陣列訊號簡介..................................................................13
1.3.2 到達角估測.....................................................................14
1.3.3獨立成份分析法………………………………………..15
1.4 研究目標………………………………………………………16
1.5 論文架構………………………………………………………17
第二章助聽器的麥克風輸入介紹........................................................18
2.1全方向性和方向性麥克風介紹.................................................19
2.2 Beamformer介紹........................................................................20
2.3適應性濾波器(Adaptive Filter)的原理......................................23
2.4 GN ReSound Canta助聽器-麥克風輸入策略...........................27
2.5 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft助聽器-麥克風輸入策略...............36
2.6 Oticon Syncro助聽器-麥克風輸入策略....................................39
2.7 Griffiths-Jim Beamformer助聽器-麥克風輸入策略………….41
第三章助聽器模擬平台........................................................................44
3.1實驗平台架構.............................................................................44
3.2實驗語料.....................................................................................48
3.3噪音消除評量方法…………………………………………….50
3.4助聽器模擬平台介面………………………………………….52
第四章結果............................................................................................55
4.1麥克風策略結果.........................................................................55
4.2麥克風策略在高背景噪音環境.................................................63
4.3麥克風策略結合噪音消除結果.................................................66
4.3.1麥克風策略方法-GN ReSound Canta&Sonic Innovation Natura結合噪音消除策略.............................................66
4.3.2麥克風策略方法-Siemens Aktiengesellschaft結合噪音消除策略.............................................................................70
4.3.3麥克風策略方法-Oticon Syncro Natura結合噪音消除策略……………………………………………………….74
4.3.4麥克風策略方法-Griffiths-Jim Beamformer結合噪音消除策略………………………………………………….78
4.4麥克風策略加噪音消除策略與WDRC結合............................85
4.5改變收斂係數對於麥克風策略的影響………………………87
第五章討論……………........................................................................89
5.1麥克風策略結果評量… ...........................................................89
5.1.1主觀評量………………………………………………..89
5.1.2客觀評量………………………………………………..90
5.1.3麥克風策略在高背景噪音情況………………………..91
5.2麥克風策略結合噪音消除策略結果評量.................................91
5.2.1主觀評量………………………………………………..91
5.2.2客觀評量………………………………………………..92
5.3Griffiths-Jim Beamformer採用不同麥克風的比較....................94
第六章結論與未來展望………………………………………………98
6.1結論...........................................................................................98
6.2未來展望……………………………………………………...99
附錄A.....................................................................................................100
參考文獻………………………………………………………………101

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指導教授

吳炤民(Chao-Min Wu)

審核日期

2010-8-27

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