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姓名 莊明衛(Ming-Wei Chuang) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 機械工程學系 論文名稱 球型與非球型顆粒體在平面儲槽內流動行為之研究
(Flow behaviours of spherical particles and non-spherical particles in a model silo)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) 儲槽貯存器在工業界中是一個很普遍的應用，顆粒流在儲槽上
的運用與顆粒外形對流動的影響已經有好幾年的研究基礎。儲槽在
藥品的配置、材料的補給、農物的存放上等均有儲存的功能性，而
內容物的流動行為會影響其填裝與排放，觀察顆粒在儲槽中的流動
更顯得重要。本研究利用改變儲槽內不同粒子的形狀，進一步觀察
儲槽粒子之流動行為。對於觀察顆粒流動的方法很多，其中最基本
的方法即標定特定粒子並追蹤這些粒子的速度。雖然追蹤粒子的使
用非常普遍，但工業界對於儲槽中追蹤粒子速度的技術的相關研究
還很少，傳統上仍大都以追蹤球型粒子平移速度的方法。
本研究主要是利用改良式粒子追蹤法影像擷取系統，以實驗的
方法探討球型與非球型顆粒體在擬二維儲槽內，改變儲槽排放出口
大小對流場的影響，並嘗試改變不同顆粒體的形狀，探討顆粒形狀
對速度場、質量流率、擾動速度、整體粒子溫度與整體平均動能對
流場的影響。
摘要(英) Silos are commonly used in application for industry now. Granular
flow applied for silos and the effects on shapes to flow have been
researched for several years. Pharmaceutical distribution, stuff supplies
and agricultural deposition, etc are loaded in silos with respect to its
function of preserve. Loading and discharge are affected by the flow of
contents so study on the flow in silos is more important. In this thesis we
intend to make changes in the shape of particle in silos and then
investigate the flow pattern. There are a lot of methods to observe the
flow pattern in silos, the most basic way is to define the specific
particles before tracking their velocity. Particle tracking are used
commonly in application; nevertheless, studies related to particle
tracking velocimetry (PTV) on industry are few. Previously, we only
make use of translational velocity to diagram velocity field.
In this thesis we use improved PTV image capture system to
investigate the effect spherical particles and non-spherical particles in
silo with different orifice sizes to flow field, and attempt to change the
shape of particles to compare the flow field with different velocity field,
mass flow rate, fluctuation velocity, global granular temperature and
global average kinetic energy.
關鍵字(中) ★ 流場
★ 擬二維
★ 非球型顆粒體
★ 改良式粒子追蹤法
★ 儲槽關鍵字(英) ★ Flat
★ flow
★ non-spherical particle
★ improved PTV
★ Silo論文目次 Abstract ................................................................................................... ii
目錄 ........................................................................................................ iii
附表目錄 ................................................................................................. v
附圖目錄 ................................................................................................ vi
符號說明 ................................................................................................. x
符號說明 ................................................................................................. x
第一章 前言 ..................................................................................... 1
1.1 粒子流簡介 ......................................................................... 1
1.2 儲槽流簡介 ......................................................................... 2
1.3 研究方向與相關理論 .......................................................... 8
第二章 實驗方法與量測技術 ........................................................ 10
2.1 實驗設備 ........................................................................... 10
2.2 量測技術 ........................................................................... 19
2.2.1 改良式粒子追蹤影像處理技術 ................................. 19
2.2.2 影像分析流程 ............................................................. 23
2.3 實驗方法與步驟 ............................................................... 26
2.3.1 實驗方法 .................................................................... 26
iv
2.3.2 實驗步驟與流程 ......................................................... 27
2.4 儲槽內顆粒流之輸送性質 ................................................ 30
2.4.1 質量流率 .................................................................... 30
2.4.2 速度場 ........................................................................ 32
2.4.3 擾動速度分佈 ............................................................. 33
2.4.4 整體粒子溫度與整體平均動能 ................................. 34
第三章 結果與討論 ....................................................................... 36
3.1 球型顆粒體 ....................................................................... 36
3.2 雙球型顆粒體 ................................................................... 51
3.3 圓盤顆粒體 ....................................................................... 69
3.4 球型與非球型顆粒體在儲槽中流動行為之比較 ............. 87
第四章 結論 ................................................................................... 97
參考文獻 ............................................................................................... 99
參考文獻 [1] 蕭述三,楊士震與陳成庭, 1998,“二維平面儲槽顆粒體實驗流場分
析”,Proceedings Symposium on Transport and Applications,台北,台灣
[2] 劉建宏, 蕭述三, 楊士震與陳成庭, 1999, “二維平面儲槽置入阻礙物實
驗流場分析”,The 1999 CIChE Annual Meeting and Conferences,高雄,台
灣
[3] 陳成庭, 2000,“儲槽置入阻礙物之流場分析”,中央大學
[4] 楊文龍, 2000,“剪力槽內粒子流之應力與傳輸現象分析”,中央大學
[5] 戴其璜, 2001,“振動床振動機制之研究”,中央大學
[6] 楊士震與蔡其宏, 2004, “二維平面儲槽置入阻礙物數值模擬流場分析”,
建國技術學院
[7] R. T. Fowler and J. R. Glastonbury, “The flow of granular solids through
orifices”, Chemical Engineering Science, 1959, Vol. 10, pp. 150-156.
[8] W. A. Beverloo, H. A. Leniger and J. Van De Velde, “The flow of granular
solids through orifices”, Chemical Engineering Science, 1961, Vol. 15, pp.
260-269.
[9] Jenike, W., 1961. Utah Engineering Experiment Station, Bulletin 108.
[10] Johanson, J.R., 1966, “The use of flow-corrective inserts in
bins”,Transactions of ASME, Vol.88, No.2, pp.224-230.
[11] Johanson, J.R., 1967, “The placement of inserts to correct flow in bins”,
Powder Technology, I (1967/68) 328-333.
100
[12] Natarajan, V. V. R., Hunt, M. L. and Taylor, E. D., 1995, “Local
measurements of velocity fluctuations and diffusion coefficients for a
granular material flow”, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 304, 1–25.
[13] Sonka, M., Hlavac, V., and Boyle, R., 1999, Image porcessing, analysis
and machine vision. PWS Publishing.
[14] Hsiau, S. S. and Shieh, Y. M., 1999, “Fluctuations and self-diffusion of
sheared granular material flows”, Journal of Rheology, 43, 1049-1066.
[15] Yang, S. C. and Hsiau, S. S., 2001, “The simulation and experimental
study of granular materials discharged from a silo with the placement of
inserts”, Powder Technology, Vol. 120, pp. 244-255.
[16] Zhou Y.C., Xu B.H., Yu A.B. and Zulli P., 2001, “An experiment and
numerical study of the angle of repose of coarse spheres”, Powder
Technology 125 45-54.
[17] Johannes Härtl, 2008, “A study of granular solids in silos with and without
an insert”, The University of Edinburgh.
[18] I. Zuriguel, A. Janda, A. Garcimartín and D. Maza, 2009, “Flow Rate in
the Discharge of a Two-dimensional Silo”, Powders and Grains 2009,
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Micromechanics of
Granular Media, Golden, Colorado, USA.
[19] Hsiau, S. S., Chung, Y. C., Chuang, M. W., 2009, “Flow behaviours of
non-spheical particles in a model silo”, The 33rd National Conference on
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Miaoli, Taiwan.
[20] Chung, Y.C., Hsiau, S.S., Liao, H.H., Ooi, J.Y., 2010, “An improved PTV
technique to evaluate the velocity field of non-spherical particles”, Powder
Technology, Vol. 202, pp. 151–161.
[21] Hsiau, S.S., Hsu, C. C., J, Smid, 2010, “The discharge of fine silica sands
101
in a silo”, Physics of Fluids, 22, 043306.
指導教授 蕭述三(Shu-San Hsiau) 審核日期 2011-1-30 推文 plurk
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