自行車租賃系統佈署調度暨選址最佳化之研究

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謝昉叡(FANG-RUI XIE) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

自行車租賃系統佈署調度暨選址最佳化之研究
(Disposition and Site Selection Optimization of Rental Bicycle System)

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摘要(中)

近年來，人們環保意識抬頭，「綠色運輸」之概念因應而生；為了提倡節能減碳，並達到永續發展的目的，提供民眾公共自行車租賃服務的自行車租賃業開始蓬勃發展。然而在台灣，自行車租賃系統的佈署以及選址仍停留在以人工經驗的方式進行，缺乏系統性的整體考量，常導致資源浪費。當面對「甲地租乙地還」更為複雜之問題時，其求解效率將大幅下降且僅可求得一可行解。因此，本研究同時考量「甲租甲還」與「甲租乙還」之租賃行為、確定性需求與隨機性需求之影響，建構一自行車佈署暨選址規劃模式，期能提供一有效的規劃輔助工具，以幫助決策者有效地規劃自行車佈署與選址相關問題。
再者，以往文獻缺乏提供有效的模式以同時解決自行車租賃系統佈署以及選址之相關問題。因此，本研究將站在系統規劃者之立場，考量實務的營運目標與相關的限制條件，並以網路流動技巧，依照不同需求景氣構建數個確定性及隨機性租賃自行車系統佈署模式。所有模式均為一整數規劃問題，本研究配合CPLEX數學規劃軟體求解模式。為評估模式的實用績效，本研究以台北市以及新北市公共自行車租賃系統為例進行測試與分析。測試結果良好，最後提出結論與建議。

摘要(英)

Recent years, more and more people are caring about environment protection. Therefore, it brings the concept of the “Sustainable Transport” to our life. For encouraging people to lower our carbon footprint, conserve energy, and accomplish the goal of sustainable development, there are many rental bicycle services being developed. However, currently in Taiwan, rental bicycle service schedules still planed by the decision center staffs with experience. Without a systematic optimization analysis, and often result in waste resourses. While facing with more complicated problem like “rent bicycle at A station, and return it at B station”, such a manual approach is considered to be less than efficient, and may possibly result in an inferior feasible solution. As a result, focusing on “rent and return bicycle at the same station”and“rent bicycle at A station, and return it at B station”, we constructed some sure and stochastic rental bicycle models that considers the influence of sure and stochastic demand. The matching model is expected to be an effective tool for the planner to solve rental bicycle disposition and site selection problems.
Moreover, little literature that proposed effective models for solving problems which relate with rental bicycle system disposition. Therefore, in this study we put ourselves in rental bicycle station proprietor position, consider operation goals in reality and constraint conditions, and employ time-space network techniques, according to different circumstances to construct some rental bicycle models. All decision models are formulated as an integer multiple problem and is solved using a mathematical programming solver. To evaluate models in practice we performed a case study based on the operating data from Taipei public rental bicycle system. The results show the model could be useful. Finally, conclusions and suggestions are given

關鍵字(中)

★ 自行車
★ 選址
★ 佈署
★ 隨機
★ 時空網路
★ 數學規劃

關鍵字(英)

★ Bicycle
★ Disposition
★ Site selection
★ Stochastic
★ Time-space network
★ Mthematical programming

論文目次

第一章緒論-----------------------------------------------1
1.1研究背景與動機-----------------------------------------1
1.2研究目的與範圍-----------------------------------------2
1.3研究方法與流程-----------------------------------------3
第二章文獻回顧-------------------------------------------5
2.1國內外自行車租賃現況-----------------------------------5
2.2自行車租賃相關文獻-------------------------------------6
2.3時空網路相關文獻--------------------------------------10
2.4隨機擾動之相關理論與文獻------------------------------11
2.4.1隨機性問題相關理論----------------------------------11
2.4.2隨機擾動相關文獻------------------------------------14
2.5文獻評析----------------------------------------------17
第三章模式建構------------------------------------------18
3.1自行車規劃模式----------------------------------------18
3.1.1模式基本假設與給定資訊------------------------------18
3.1.2確定性模式之時空網路--------------------------------20
3.1.3隨機性模式之時空網路--------------------------------30
3.2模式測試----------------------------------------------38
3.2.1確定性模式測試--------------------------------------38
3.2.2隨機性模式測試--------------------------------------41
3.3模式應用----------------------------------------------44
3.4小結--------------------------------------------------45
第四章求解演算法設計------------------------------------46
4.1兩階段求解演算法-窮舉運算-----------------------------46
4.2兩階段求解演算法-門檻過濾-----------------------------48
4.3小結--------------------------------------------------52
第五章範例測試------------------------------------------53
5.1資料輸入----------------------------------------------53
5.1.1自行車佈署規劃資料----------------------------------53
5.1.2需求規劃資料----------------------------------------55
5.2模式發展----------------------------------------------56
5.2.1問題規模--------------------------------------------56
5.2.2模式輸入資料----------------------------------------57
5.3電腦演算環境與設定------------------------------------57
5.3.1電腦演算環境----------------------------------------57
5.3.2相關程式參數設定------------------------------------57
5.3.3模式輸出資料----------------------------------------58
5.4測試結果與分析----------------------------------------59
5.4.1確定性需求下自行車系統佈署選址模式結果 -------------59
5.4.2隨機性需求下自行車系統佈署選址模式結果 -------------63
5.5敏感度分析--------------------------------------------77
5.5.1目標式一營運成本變動之敏感度分析--------------------78
5.5.2目標式一政策長度變動之敏感度分析--------------------79
5.5.3目標式二滯留服務比例變動之敏感度分析 ---------------80
5.6方案分析----------------------------------------------81
5.6.1需求變更之方案分析----------------------------------81
5.6.2啟發解門檻變更之方案分析----------------------------84
5.6.3變更測試範例標準差之方案分析------------------------86
5.7小結--------------------------------------------------87
第六章結論與建議 ---------------------------------------88
6.1結論--------------------------------------------------88
6.2建議--------------------------------------------------89
6.3貢獻--------------------------------------------------89
參考文獻-------------------------------------------------91
附錄 ----------------------------------------------------94

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指導教授

顏上堯(Shang-Yao Yan)

審核日期

2011-8-8

推文