加壓型固態氧化物燃料電池性能與阻抗之定量量測與分析

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張軒維(Hsuan-wei Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

加壓型固態氧化物燃料電池性能與阻抗之定量量測與分析
(Quantitative Measurements of Cell Performance and Electrochemical Impedance Spectra for Pressurized SOFC)

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摘要(中)

本論文實做一套高壓雙腔室固態氧化物燃料電池(solid oxide fuel cells, SOFC)之性能測試平台，並針對兩組除了流場板設計不同，其他組件與操作條件完全一樣的單電池堆，進行電池性能與電化學阻抗頻譜(electrochemical impedance spectra, EIS)的定量量測。測試平台之關鍵設備為一套雙腔室壓力容器，其內腔室為高壓可程式控制高溫爐，外腔室為加壓容器。單電池堆是由陽極支撐電池片、crofer-22-APU框架、集電層以及一對肋條流道之流場板層層堆疊而成。單電池堆組裝完成後，會以陶瓷基座包覆保護，並置入測試平台之內腔室，故可進行一系列的高溫高壓性能測試。為了能讓單電池堆安全且穩定地在加壓條件下操作，本研究亦建立一套標準的實驗流程。實驗結果顯示，增加SOFC操作壓力有助於提升電池性能，但壓力效應與電池性能的關係為非線性。當操作壓力(P)由1 atm增加至3 atm，功率密度約增加22%，但當P由1 atm增加至5 atm，功率密度則增加30%。此結果與EIS所量測的結果吻合，當P由1 atm增加至3 atm，電池極化阻抗可被明顯的抑制，但當P持續增加至5 atm，則其阻抗頻譜幾無變化。此外，本研究亦發現，在常壓條件下，單電池堆若採用本團隊過去所提出的加設導流條之優化流場板設計，其操作於0.6 V之功率密度可比未加導流條設計約高13%。當操作壓力增加至5 atm，兩者功率密度之差異則增加至16%，顯示在高壓條件下，流場均勻度效應仍是影響電池性能的重要因素。本論文所獲致之結果應有助於國內開發SOFC與氣渦輪機結合之複合式發電系統。

摘要(英)

This thesis presents the implementation of a high-pressure double-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) testing platform for quantitatively measuring cell performance and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) of two sets of nearly identical single-cell stacks except using different flow distributors under pressurized conditions. The platform includes a high-pressure program-controlled tubular furnace, the inner chamber, which is resided in a relatively large pressurized chamber (the outer chamber). So the single-cell stack embedded in a ceramic housing and assembled by an anode-supported positive electrode-electrolyte-negative electrode, a crofer 22-APU supporting frame and two current collectors which are sandwiched by a pair of rib-channel flow distributors for both anode and cathode can be measured inside the inner chamber at high temperature and elevated pressure conditions. A standard procedure is also developed for the safety and stable operation of the single-cell stack under atmospheric and pressurized conditions. Experimental results show that the cell performance increases with increasing pressure (P) but the relationship between cell performance and P is not linear. There is an increase in performance of 22% from 1 to 3 atm and 30% from 1 to 5 atm. This is in good agreement with the EIS data which reveals that the polarization impedance is significantly decreased from 1 to 3 atm and then nearly keeps the same when P is further increased from 3 to 5 atm. Furthermore, it is found that by using small guide vanes around the feed header of commonly-used rib-channel flow distributors to improve effectively the degree of flow uniformity, the power density of the single-cell stack can be increased as compared to that without using guide vanes under exactly the same experimental conditions, and such increase about 13% at 1 atm can be further increased up to 16% as P increases to 5 atm. These results should be useful to provide the basic knowledge for the future development of the high-efficiency SOFC and gas turbine integrating power generation technology

關鍵字(中)

★ 加壓型固態氧化物燃料電池
★ 流場均勻度
★ 功率密度
★ 阻抗頻譜

關鍵字(英)

★ Solid oxide fuel cells
★ rib-channel interconnect

論文目次

目錄
摘要..... I
Abstract II
誌謝.................. III
符號說明 VIII
第一章前言 1
1.1 研究動機 2
1.2 問題所在 4
1.3 解決方法 5
1.4 論文綱要 6
第二章文獻回顧 8
2.1 固態氧化物燃料電池 8
2.2 加壓型SOFC之實驗與數值研究 10
2.3 流場均勻度效應對電池性能之影響 14
2.4 SOFC之電化學阻抗頻譜分析 17
第三章實驗設備與量測方法 24
3.1 高壓單電池堆性能測試平台 24
3.2 實驗流程與量測操作參數設定 27
第四章結果與討論 39
4.1 加壓效應對電池性能之影響 39
4.1.1 開迴路電壓 39
4.1.2 面積比電阻 41
4.1.3 功率密度 43
4.2加壓效應對電池阻抗頻譜之影響 45
4.3流場均勻度對電池性能之影響 46
第五章結論與未來工作 55
5.1 結論 55
5.2 未來工作 56
參考文獻 57

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指導教授

施聖洋(Shenqyang Steven Shy)

審核日期

2011-8-26

推文