台灣西北部麓山帶沉積岩的孔隙率-滲透率曲線與微觀構造

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余允辰(Yun-Chen Yu) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

台灣西北部麓山帶沉積岩的孔隙率-滲透率曲線與微觀構造
(Permeability-Porosity relationship and Microstructure of Sedimentary Rocks in Northwest Taiwan)

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摘要(中)

岩石的孔隙率與滲透率影響地下流體在地層中的富集與移棲，因此，對於現今發展中的二氧化碳地質封存，孔隙率與滲透率為相關評估與分析時重要的關鍵參數。岩石的孔隙率大致上隨深度增加而減少，即孔隙率受有效應力影響；而影響岩石滲透率之因素除了有效應力之外，亦包括孔隙的尺寸、形狀與連通性。此外，應力歷史對孔隙率與滲透率也有明顯之影響。為瞭解二氧化碳目標地層的孔隙率-滲透率與微觀構造間關係，本研究透過室內孔隙率、滲透率量測，並配合光學顯微鏡以及掃描式電子顯微鏡，針對岩石的礦物組成與孔隙型態進行測量與描述，並嘗試量化微觀構造對孔隙率-滲透率之影響。根據試驗結果，台灣西北部上新世以及晚中新世沉積岩之孔隙率與滲透率關係式符合冪次律並且反映應力歷史之影響，同時，兩者間關係受岩性、顆粒大小與巨觀孔隙率控制。未來若能取得地層孔隙率井測資料，配合本研究建議之力學壓密作用下孔隙率與滲透率關係式推估滲透率，即可合理評估不同岩性、不同深度地層之滲透率。

摘要(英)

The porosity and permeability of rocks influence the storage and migration of the underground fluid in formations. Owing to the developing technology of carbon dioxide, the two parameters are very important for estimating and analyzing. The porosity of rocks changes to the burial depth .In other worlds, the effective stress control the porosity. In addition, not only the effective stress but also the size, shape and connection influence the permeability of rocks. Besides, the stress history also affects the porosity and permeability. To understand the porosity-permeability relationships and the microstructures of carbon dioxide storage information. This study using porosity/permeability measurement system, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM) to measure and describe the mineral combination and pore shapes. Also, trying to quantify the misconstrues and the influence of microstructures to porosity-permeability relationships The experimental results indicate that the fit of the model to the data points of from sedimentary rock of the west-part of the western offshore of Taiwan(Pliocene and Miocene) can improve by using a power law. Also, the relationship controls by bock type and pore size. In the future, it is useful to combining the logging data of porosity with the porosity-permeability relationship to estimate the permeability of different rock type and depth.

關鍵字(中)

★ 微觀構造
★ 滲透率
★ 孔隙率
★ 沉積岩
★ 二氧化碳地質封存

關鍵字(英)

★ microstructure
★ permeability
★ porosity
★ sedimentary rocks
★ CO2 injection

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xii
一、緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究流程 3
1.3 內文概述 5
二、文獻回顧 6
2.1 二氧化碳地質封存 6
2.2 沉積岩孔隙率與深度關係 9
2.3 岩石孔隙率、滲透率與有效應力/應力歷史相依模式 12
2.3.1 岩石孔隙率與有效應力 12
2.3.2 岩石滲透率與有效應力 13
2.3.3 應力歷史對岩石孔隙率/滲透率之影響 14
2.4 孔隙率與滲透率關係 16
2.5 砂岩微觀構造與孔隙率、滲透率關係 18
三、研究方法 20
3.1 實驗試體 20
3.1.1 試體來源 20
3.1.2 孔隙率/滲透率試體選取與製作 27
3.2 孔隙率與滲透率的量測 29
3.2.1 滲透率的量測 30
3.2.2 孔隙率的量測 31
3.3 應力歷史相依孔隙率模型 35
3.4由地質剖面評估最大預壓密應力 37
3.5應力歷史相依滲透率模型 40
3.6 克林堡效應修正 42
3.7 孔隙率與滲透率關係 44
3.8 砂岩微觀構造 45
3.8.1 顆粒粒徑分佈與比重試驗 45
3.8.2 偏光顯微鏡 46
3.8.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡 47
四、結果與討論 53
4.1 孔隙率與滲透率量測結果 53
4.1.1 隨有效圍壓變化之孔隙率 53
4.1.2 隨有效圍壓變化之滲透率 56
4.2 決定最大預壓密應力之方法 59
4.2.1 根據孔隙率實驗所得之最大預壓密應力 59
4.2.2 根據滲透率實驗所得之最大預壓密應力 62
4.2.3 根據地質剖面所得之最大預壓密應力 65
4.3 考慮應力歷史之孔隙率加壓、解壓模型建立 70
4.4 經克林堡效應修正與考慮應力歷史之滲透率加壓、解壓模型建立 72
4.4.1 克林堡效應修正 72
4.4.2 考慮應力歷史之滲透率加壓、解壓模型建立 74
4.5 孔隙率與滲透率關係 76
4.6 砂岩試體顆粒特性分析 84
4.7 砂岩孔隙部分微觀構造 100
五、結論 113
參考文獻 115
附錄 125

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指導教授

董家鈞(Jia-Jyun Dong)

審核日期

2011-7-19

推文