應用於質子治療之射束監測系統的特性研究

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：6

、訪客IP：3.15.147.53

姓名

戴淑眞(Shu-Jhen Dai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

物理學系

論文名稱

應用於質子治療之射束監測系統的特性研究
(Performance Study of a Beam Monitoring System for Proton Therapy)

相關論文

★ 大面積矽偵測器寄生電容量測及分析	★ Transverse momentum and rapidity dependence of HBT correlations in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV with PHOBOS
★ Study of the process: pp→Z0Z0→μ+μ-μ+μ- at CMS	★ 利用CMS探測器測量Wγ的偶合
★ LEPS2實驗用高阻抗平板偵測器的研發	★ Photoproduction of Λ and Σ0 hyperons off protons with linearly polarized photons at Eγ=1.5–3.0 GeV
★ 粒子探測器快速自動檢測系統之研發	★ 在 CERN COMPASS 實驗組量測190-GeVπ 介子束流所產生Drell-Yan 過程反應截面

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

在未來幾年，質子治療中心將在台灣開始營運。一個可靠的射束監控系統對於質子治療設備的日常運作是不可或缺的。透過客製化電路，標準的16通道條型游離室以及多層法拉第杯遂用於此一目的。在本研究中，我們主要針對深度對劑量的分布、射束的剖面劑量以及射束的能量作量測。
在核能研究所以及日本東北大學迴旋加速器及同位素中心，我們對條型游離室的基本性能進行量測。利用不同厚度丙烯腈－丁二烯－苯二烯共聚物（ＡＢＳ），可以得到深度對劑量的分布曲線（布拉格曲線），實驗數據與Geant4模擬的結果相當吻合。因為條型的設計，空間上射束隨深度擴張的情形也可以被觀察到。另外利用Ｘ和Ｙ方向交替排列的六個游離室，已經初步可以得到類３－Ｄ的射束在不同深度剖面圖。
我們利用多層法拉第杯量測出日本東北大學迴旋加速器及同位素中心使用的射束能量。方法是利用一組相同的射束能量與能量範圍通過不同厚度的銅塊，將多層法拉第杯量測到的數據，透過最大似然法則與Geant4模擬結果相比較，得到最好的結果為77.8 ± 0.1 MeV，這結果與日本東北大學利用核磁共振探針量測到的結果相當吻合。

摘要(英)

Proton therapy facilities will be in operation in Taiwan in few years. It is important to have a reliable beam monitoring system for daily operation. A prototype 16-channel strip ionization chamber with custom-design readout electronics and a multi-layer Faraday cup have been developed for this purpose. In this study, three aims are measuring the depth-dose distribution, beam profile and beam energy.
The characteristics and performance of the ionization chamber have been studied using the beam at the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) and the Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC) of Tohoku University. The depth-dose distributions (Bragg curve) of protons in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) are obtained and the results agree with the Geant4 simulation well. Beam spread with depth is measured. The quasi 3-D beam profile with 80 MeV proton beam at CYRIC are measured by six ionization chambers arranged in X- and Y-direction alternatively.
Beam energy used at CYRIC is measured with the multi-layer Faraday cup (MLFC). A set of beam energy and its spread, by passing the beam through copper block with various thicknesses, is measured with the MLFC. The method of maximum likelihood is used to fit the data with the GEANT4 simulation. The best result obtained is 77.8 ± 0.1 MeV, which agrees well with the NMR probe measurement.

關鍵字(中)

★ 質子治療
★ 射束監控系統

關鍵字(英)

★ proton therapy
★ beam monitoring system

論文目次

Contents
1 Introduction 1
1.1 The Era of Proton Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 The Physics of Proton Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.1 The Interaction of Charged Particle with Matter . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.2 Proton Interactions with Matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.3 Energy Loss of Charged Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.2.3.1 Stopping Power – The Bethe-Bloch Formula . . . . . . . . 6
1.2.3.2 Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.4 Multiple Coulomb Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.5 Nuclear Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 Motivation of this Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2 The Experimental Apparatus and Monte Carlo Software 18
2.1 Geant4 Monte Carlo Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.1.1 General Capabilities and Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.1.2 Physics Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2 Strip Ionization Chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.2.1 Mean Number of Ion Pairs Formed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2.2.2 Diffusion, Charge Transfer and Recombination . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.2.3 Charge Collected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.3 Multi-Layer Faraday Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3 Data Analysis 31
3.1 Study of Geant4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.1.1 Geant4 Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.1.2 The Bragg curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.1.3 The Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.1.4 General Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.2 Performance of the Ionization Chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.3 Bragg Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.4 Beam Spread with Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.5 Quasi 3-D Beam Profile Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.6 Beam Energy Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4 Conclusion 53

參考文獻

[1] Wilson, R. R., "Radiological Use of Fast Protons.", Radiology 47, 487, (1946).
[2] Bragg, W. H., "Studies in Radioactivity.", Macmillan, London, pp. 29-38, (1912).
[3] The Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group (PTCOG) website
http://ptcog.web.psi.ch/
[4] Miller, D. W., "A review of proton beam radiation therapy.", Med. Phys 22(11):
1943-1954, (1995).
[5] Tsoulfanidis, N. , "Measurement and Detection of Radiation.", Hemisphere Publishing
Corporation, Washington, USA, (1983).
[6] William R. L., "Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments.", Springer-
Verlag, (1987).
[7] Evans, R. D., "The Atomic Nucleus.", McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, (1955).
[8] Knoll, G. F., "Radiation Detection and Measurement.", John Wiley & Sons Inc.,
New York, (1979).
[9] Frank H. Attix, "Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry.",
John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, (1986).
[10] B. Gottschalk: lectures for free download at http://physics.harvard.edu/~gottschalk
[11] M.J. Berger, J.S. Coursey, M.A. Zucker, and J. Chang, "Stopping -Power and Range
Tables for Electrons, Protons, and Helium Ions.", NISTIR 4999.
[12] Bragg W.H. and Kleeman R., "On the ionisation curves of radium.", Phil. Mag. 8,
726, (1904).
[13] Molière G., "Theorie der Streuung schneller geladener Teilchen II. Mehrfach und
Vielfachstreuung.", Z. Naturforschung 3a , 78, (1948).
[14] Gottschalk, B., Koehler A. M., et al., "Multiple Coulomb scattering of 160 MeV
protons.", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B: Beam Interactions with Materials
and Atoms 74(4): 467-490, (1993).
[15] Agostinelli, S., Allison J., et al., "G4-a simulation toolkit.", Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
506(3): 250-303, (2003).
[16] Jarlskog, C.Z. and Paganetti, H., "Physics settings for using the GEANT4 toolkit in
proton therapy.", IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 55(3 Part 1): 1018-1025,
(2008).
[17] Tsai T.S., "Using Geant4 Monte Carlo methods to simulate the dose, fluence, energy
spectrum and angular distribution of proton beam in water.", Department of Medical
Imaging and Radiological Sciences of Chang Gung University, (2009).
[18] Sauli F., "Principles of Operation of Multiwire Proportional and Drift Chambers.",
(1977).
[19] Podgorsak E.B., "Radiation Physics for Medical Physicists.", Springer Verlag, p.149,
(2006).
[20] M.J. Berger, M. Inokuti, H.H. Andersen, H. Bichsel, D. Powers, S.M. Seltzer, D.
Thwaites, D.E. Watt, H. Paul and R.M. Sternheimer, "Stopping Powers and Ranges
for Protons and Alpha Particles.", ICRU Report 49, (1993).

指導教授

林宗泰(Willis T. Lin)

審核日期

2011-7-26

推文