博碩士論文 971206005 詳細資訊




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姓名 黃韻璇(Yun-hsuan Huang)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 藝術學研究所
論文名稱 公共理念的實踐:1824至1865年早期倫敦國家畫廊的定位與革新
(For the Sake of the Public: Defining and Reforming the National Gallery, London from 1824 to 1865)
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摘要(中) 關於倫敦國家畫廊(The National Gallery, London)的主要研究與著作,在20世紀末以前多圍繞在館藏畫作的收藏背景、創作者與題材介紹,鮮少從倫敦國家畫廊的藝術、社會和機制脈絡來加以重構畫廊的發展理念與實踐歷程。直到20世紀末,以倫敦國家畫廊之公共實踐為主軸的相關議題才開始獲得藝術史界關注。即便如此,對於倫敦國家畫廊早期之實踐概念、建置過程仍有待進一步釐清和探討。這是因為倫敦國家畫廊的成立背景與條件相當不同於同期創立的歐陸公共美術館,因此,英國為何仍深信成立倫敦國家畫廊有其必要性,其實頗值得探討。除此之外,英國在缺乏現成的皇室收藏基礎下,該如何突破此現實困境來體現所謂的「國家畫廊」理念,或為其窘境尋求認同上的出路以進一步發展與革新,都是初期倫敦國家畫廊實踐有別於歐陸公共美術館的特殊之處。
本文即以倫敦國家畫廊的成立背景、初期收藏與展示實踐為研究主軸,探討倫敦國家畫廊在這段期間的公共性爭辯與演進歷程。正文分為三部份:第一部份「從私人收藏到公共展示」,回溯倫敦國家畫廊成立以前英國所具備的收藏與展示條件,以及英國主張設立國家畫廊的公共訴求。第二部份「界定倫敦國家畫廊之公共性與公眾」,從描述倫敦國家畫廊成立初期的實踐樣貌,闡述其在收藏範疇、公眾及公共角色等議題的相關爭論。第三部份「公共收藏與展示體制的革新」,主要檢視倫敦國家畫廊於1850年代邁入現代性的館長行政體制、藝術史收藏與展示的轉折歷程。本文欲透過這三部份來呈現早期倫敦國家畫廊的定位與革新歷程,以期對國家畫廊體系須一再面對的公共理念議題有所啟發。
摘要(英) Studies and publications about the National Gallery, London before the end of the twentieth century tend to focus on the collection’s history, artists and subjects of paintings, whereas the Gallery’s constitution and development in the contexts of art, society and institutional history are often neglected. Not until the end of the twentieth century did the issues of public practices of the National Gallery begin to draw attention in art-historical studies. Even so, ideas of public display and the institutional development of the National Gallery still need clarification and further discussion due to the particularities of the Gallery: compared with continental public galleries in the nineteenth century, the establishment of the National Gallery lacks certain important historical conditions, such as the patronage from the Royal family and thus the potential impetus of turning Royal collections into public or national properties. Under these circumstances, the reasons why Britain still insisted to establish a national gallery require explanation. Moreover, it is also worth considering the ways in which Britain not only overcame the above-mentioned restrictions to establish a “national gallery” but also reformed its constitution so as to answer the increasing demand for its public duty.
This thesis on the National Gallery tries to reconstruct its foundation, its early collecting and display practices, and to examine debates relating to the Gallery’s public role and collecting and display issues. It consists of three chapters: the first chapter, “from private collection to public display,” traces England’s collecting and display conditions prior to the National Gallery and the growing public demands for establishing a national gallery. The second chapter, “defining the public character of the National Gallery and its public,” reconstructs the Gallery’s display condition in its early phases, and discusses the debates on its typology of collection, its public and public roles. The third chapter, “reforming the system of public collection and display,” examines how the Gallery’s administration, collecting and display system were gradually modernized in the 1850s. As the title indicates, this thesis aims to show that the National Gallery’s public vision and developing processes in its early stages can provide significant references for thinking about the raison d’être of a national gallery. It also suggests that the notion of public would be a basic but vital issue for all national galleries to face repeatedly.
關鍵字(中) ★ 國家畫廊
★ 公共性
★ 收藏
★ 展示
★ 藝術史
★ 伊斯雷克爵士
關鍵字(英)
論文目次 論文摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………..i
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………..ii
誌謝 ………………………………………………………………………………………….....iii
目錄 …………………………………………………………………………………………….v
導論 …………………………………………………………………………………………- 1 -
研究動機與問題意識 - 1 -
文獻回顧 - 2 -
章節概述 - 8 -
第一章 從私人收藏到公共展示:1820年代以前 - 9 -
第一節 英國的收藏與展示基礎 - 10 -
一、英國皇室的收藏與展示 - 10 -
二、貴族仕紳的收藏與展示沿革 - 11 -
三、老大師畫作公開展覽 - 14 -
四、公共藝廊先驅 - 16 -
第二節:建立英國國家藝廊的爭辯 - 18 -
一、公共藝廊:藝術教育的媒介 - 18 -
二、國家應積極介入公共事務 - 21 -
三、建立國家藝廊的必需性 - 25 -
四、推遲設立英國國家藝廊的因素 - 28 -
第二章 界定倫敦國家畫廊之「公共性」與「公眾」:1820至1850年代 ………….- 31 -
第一節 倫敦國家畫廊的內涵與形式:現實與理想的拉据 - 32 -
一、創立倫敦國家畫廊的現實條件 - 32 -
二、承襲過去:倫敦國家畫廊延續私人收藏和展示傳統之矛盾 - 34 -
三、定位「The National Gallery」之收藏展示類型:一座國家「畫廊」 - 40 -
第二節 倫敦國家畫廊的公眾定位與社會角色 - 46 -
一、1820年代:倫敦國家畫廊的理想與現實公眾 - 46 -
二、特拉法加廣場:新倫敦國家畫廊的最佳位址 - 50 -
三、拓展的公眾範疇與倫敦國家畫廊的社會角色 - 54 -
第三章 公共收藏與展示體制的革新:1850至1865年 ……………………………….- 59 -
第一節 從根本上改革:重省倫敦國家畫廊的行政結構 - 60 -
一、倫敦國家畫廊的收藏侷限與展示爭議 - 60 -
二、革新倫敦國家畫廊:定位收藏理念與重整行政體制 - 63 -
三、首任館長伊斯雷克爵士的養成與藝術史鑑賞觀 - 67 -
第二節 倫敦國家畫廊的現代進程:傳遞藝術史知識 - 73 -
一、建構藝術史論述:首任館長伊斯雷克爵士的收藏實踐 - 73 -
二、教育公眾的媒介:展示策略的發展與相關討論 - 77 -
結論 ………………………………………………………………………………………..- 85 -
參考書目 …………………………………………………………………………………..- 88 -
附錄 ………………………………………………………………………………………..- 97 -
圖版 ………………………………………………………………………………………- 110 -
參考文獻 一手文獻
官方報告
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館藏目錄
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一手書目
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一手期刊
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二手文獻
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50. Wood, Sir Henry Trueman, A History of the Royal Society of Arts, London: J. Murray, 1913.
期刊
中文期刊
1. 謝佳娟,〈設計的化身、繪畫的文法―十七至十八世紀中葉英國素描概念的演變與意義〉,《新史學》,第17卷4期,2010年12月,頁57-139。
西文期刊
1. Colley, Linda, “Whose Nation? Class and National Consciousness in Britain 1750-1830,” Past & Present, No. 113, Nov., 1986: 97-117.
2. Conlin, Jonathan G. W., “High Art and Low Politics: A New Perspective on John Wilkes,” Huntington Library Quarterley, Vol. 64, No. 3/4, 2001: 356-381.
3. Constable, W. G., “The Foundation of the National Gallery, ” The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, Vol. 44, No. 253, Apr., 1924: 158-172.
4. Coope, Rosalys, “The Gallery in England: Names and Meanings,” Architectural History, Vol. 27, Design and Practice in British Architecture: Studies in Architectural History Presented to Howard Colvin, 1984: 446-455.
5. Hoock, Holger, “Old Masters and English School: The Royal Academy of Arts and the notion of a national gallery at the turn of the nineteenth century,” Journal of the History of Collections, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2004: 1-18.
6. Klonk, Charlotte, “Mounting Vision: Charles Eastlake and the National Gallery of London,” The Art Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 2, June, 2000: 331-347.
7. Martin, Gregory, “Wilkins and the National Gallery,” The Burlington Magazine, Vol. 113, No. 819, Jun., 1971: 318-329.
8. McClellan, Andrew L., “The Musée du Louvre as Revolutionary Metaphor during the Terror,” Art Bulletin, Vol. 70, No. 2, June, 1988: 300–313.
9. Pomeroy, Jordana, “Creating a National Collection: The National Gallery’s origins in the British Institution,” Apollo, Vol. 148, 1998: 41-49.
10. Stone, Carmen, “Making Private Collections Public: Gustav Friedrich Waagen and the Royal Museum in Berlin,” Journal of the History of Collections, Vol. 10, No. 1, 1988: 61-74.
網路資料
1. “Badge of a Grand President of the Anti-Gallican Society,” The British Museum, http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_mla/b/badge_of_a_grand_president_of.aspx (2011. 12. 27 accessed).
2. Bergvelt, Ellinoor “Are National Museums of Protestant Nations Different? The Process of Modernizing 19th-Century National Art Museums in Great Britain in 1800-1855,” Aronsson/ Hillström, 2007: 29-48, http;//www.ep.liu.se/ecp/022/004/ (2012. 6. 15 accessed).
3. “Library of the Late King-British Museum,” cols. 1121 (Sir James Mackintosh, 20 June 1823), Historic Hansard, http:// hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1823/jun/20/
library-of-the-late-king-british-museum (2011. 11. 6 accessed).
4. Matthews, Susan, “An Alternative National Gallery: Blake’s 1809 Exhibition and the Attack on Evangelical Culture,” Tate’s Online Research Journal (Autumn, 2010), http://www.tate.org.uk/research/tateresearch/tatepapers/10autumn/simpson.shtm (2011. 12. 1 accessed).
5. Meijers, D., Bergvelt, E., Tibbe, L., and Wezel, E. van, “National Museums and National Identity, Seen from an International and Comparative Perspective, c. 1760-1918,” Huizinga Instituut (23 Jan. 2012), http://www.huizingainstituut.nl/beheer/wp-content/
uploads/National-Museums-and-National-Identity.pdf (2012. 5. 10. accessed).
6. “The National Collections of Art and Science—Question,” cols. 151 (William Ewart, 14 March 1856), Historic Hansard, http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1856/
mar/14/the-national-collections-of-art-and#S3V0141P0_18560314_HOC_8 (2012. 11. 10 accessed).
7. Simpson, Philippa, ‘Blake’s 1809 Exhibition-Lost in the Crowd: Blake and London in 1809,’ Tate’s Online Research Journal (Autumn, 2010), http://www. tate.org.uk/
research/tateresearch/tatepapers/10autumn/simpson.shtm (2011. 12. 1 accessed).
8. “Supply-Miscellaneous Estimates” cols. 467 (Sir Robert Peel, 13 April 1832), Historic Hansard, http:// hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1832/apr/13/supply-
miscellaneous-estimates (2011. 11. 4 accessed).
9. “Supply-National Gallery,” col. 645 (Sir Robert Peel, 23 July 1832), Historic Hansard, http:// hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1832/jul/23/supply-national-gallery#
S3V0014P0_18320723_HOC_32 (2011. 11. 4 accessed).
指導教授 謝佳娟 審核日期 2013-7-1
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