利用楔形體強度探討基底孔隙水壓比側向變化與加積楔幾何形貌之關係

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謝元龍(Yuan-lung Hsieh) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

利用楔形體強度探討基底孔隙水壓比側向變化與加積楔幾何形貌之關係
(Using accretionary wedge strength to explore the relation between décollement pore-fluid pressure and the wedge geometric)

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摘要(中)

褶皺逆衝帶加積楔的幾何形貌受楔形體強度與底滑面強度之比值所控制，過去研究顯示，加積楔的幾何形貌具有明顯地側向變化。本研究嘗試利用非線性破壞準則之加積楔模型結合野外調查與室內實驗，以束限加積楔強度，並利用台灣中部褶皺逆衝帶內幾條重要斷層將加積楔進行分段，藉此量測各逆衝斷塊之厚度與臨界角，逆算各斷塊之底滑面孔隙水壓比(λb)。本研究根據大量現地調查以及室內實驗，以獲得地質強度指標(GSI)及完整岩石單壓強度(σci)，再分段代入加積楔模型，並考量材料強度於側向之變化，楔形體內部之流體壓力(λ)則假設為0.43 (靜水壓條件)，底滑面摩擦係數由旋剪試驗獲得為0.34(實驗條件正向應力範圍0.5-2.5 MPa，速度範圍10-1-10-2 m/s)。研究結果顯示，地質強度指標由西向東遞減，而地層之單壓強度則由西向東遞增，利用修正之加積楔模型計算加積楔強度則是呈現由西向東變大之趨勢(0.70、0.60、0.94)，而b由西向東分別為0.80、0.77與0.55，此一結果與台灣中部鑽井資料顯示深度約4 km處之孔隙水壓比約在0.6~0.8之間大致相符，顯示本研究逆算λb之方法有其合理性。

摘要(英)

Critical-taper wedge theory explains the first-order geometry of fold and thrust belts as a function of the internal strength of the wedge of deforming material and the strength of the basal detachment. This study incorporated nonlinear Hoek-Brown failure criterion into the critical taper model to evaluate the variation of the critical taper angle of thrust belt with changes of wedge thickness and wedge strength. Extensively field works (measure the geological strength index; GSI) and laboratory tests (measure the uniaxial compressive strength) are conducted to obtain the parameters of the adopted failure criterion. The derived detachment pore-fluid pressure ratios from accretionary wedge geometric morphology are decreased from the west to the east of the study area. The calibrated pore-fluid pressure ratios are close to the measured ones from deep broeholes near the study area. The study results show that the increased critical taper angle from the west to east is dominated by the wedge strength heterogeneity, which contributed from the decreased wedge strength and proe pressure ratio on the detachment, as well as the increased wedge thickness from the west to the east of the study area.

關鍵字(中)

★ 加積楔的幾何形貌
★ 加積楔強度
★ 基底孔隙水壓
★ 地質強度指標

關鍵字(英)

★ wedge geometric
★ wedge strength
★ décollement pore-fluid pressure
★ geological strength index

論文目次

摘要 iv
ABSTRACT v
誌謝 vii
目錄 ix
圖目錄 xii
表目錄 xii
一、緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與目的 1
1-2 研究流程 3
1-3 論文架構 5
二、文獻回顧 6
2-1 褶皺逆衝帶與加積岩楔之推土機模型 6
2-2 台灣中部地形剖面與地體構造特性 9
2-3 底滑面摩擦係數與斷層泥摩擦特性 13
2-4 加積楔滲透係數、聚合速度、岩性與底滑面之孔隙水壓 18
2-5 Hoek -Brown破壞準則 21
2-6 岩體強度、地質強度指標(GSI)與岩性參數( ) 24
三、研究方法 34
3-1 研究區域 34
3-2 地質強度指標GSI評估 36
3-3 完整岩石之單壓強度(ci)評估 44
3-4 岩性係數(mi) 50
3-5 加積楔分段、地表坡度與加積楔厚度評估 56
3-6 Hoek-Brown與Mohr-Coulomb破壞準則強度參數轉換 58
3-7 底滑面強度 60
四、結果 65
4-1 利用Hoek-Brown與Mohr-Coulomb破壞準則強度參數轉換推估頭嵙山層火炎山段之強度參數 65
4-2 台灣中部地區各地層單位之岩性係數(mi)與地質強度指標(GSI)結果 67
4-2-1 岩性係數(mi) 67
4-2-2 地質強度指標(GSI) 71
4-3 台灣中部各地層單位之單壓強度( )結果 78
4-4 地表坡度與加積楔厚度評估 82
4-5 推估加積楔強度( )與逆推基底孔隙水壓( ) 85
五、討論 90
5-1 b逆算結果對與近鑽井資料比較 90
5-2加積楔地層單壓強度、GSI空間變化以及加積楔與底滑面強度比值 95
5-3 底滑面孔隙水壓比空間變化 98
5-4 野外調查(GSI)結果之不確定性 99
5-5 已知孔隙水壓條件下推估底滑面摩擦係數之應用 107
六、結論與建議 108
6-1 結論 108
6-2 建議 110
參考文獻 111
附錄一 RMR評分表(1989年版)〔25〕 117
附錄二 Q法評分表 118
附錄三野外調查表 121

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指導教授

董家鈞(Jia-jyun Dong)

審核日期

2013-8-20

推文