| dc.description.abstract | Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) is constantly facing serious challenges in the world especially in the developing countries. There are major problems in MSWM in Haiti: 1) inadequate municipal solid waste (MSW) collection services and schemes for cities; 2) limited reuse and recycling of MSW; 3) improper MSW disposal. Petit Goave, a city of Haiti which links 4 departments of the country is not exempt from such problems. Therefore, it was judged important and needful to find and suggest some solutions regarding waste management for this city.
The clear ambition of this study is to collect and assess the composting technology that is reliable and practicable to the city. Then to see how composting could help solid waste management for better sanitation of the city. The major objective is to study a technique for composting of municipal solid waste which is well-suited for the solid waste generation, climate, and socio-economic conditions of Petit Goave City. To achieve this, the following methodology has been adopted. First, review and study the materials through journal articles, scientific papers and reports, and other publications available on sustainable solid waste management suitable for Haiti. Then, to collect the data for the study, we had an observation of situation in the study area and realized a survey. Afterwards the existing solid waste condition of Petit-Goave city was collected and analyzed according to the study requirement. This study evaluates the characteristics of the site where the composting system will be implanted, and the environmental, social and economic impact of implementing the proposed strategy are also assessed. Each of the aspects used quantitative, wherever it was possible, or qualitative assessments.
As results it is found that 57% of the municipal solid waste of Petit-Goave consists of biodegradable materials, and the production of waste per capita per day is around 0.47 to 0.80 kg/ca-day (DATIP, 2012). From 2020 to 2030, for proper treatment of MSW, the municipal authorities must ensure the management of approximately 50,000 to 80,000 tons of waste in the city. According to the estimation, the solid waste that could be able to be transformed into compost will be between 28,500 tons/year to 45,000 tons/year. But it is considered in this study the composting system will have a design capacity of 18 000 tons/ year, so 22.63% of biodegradable materials will go to the composting site, the rest (34.37%) will serve to feed livestock. The city hall, the neighborhood committees, the households and certain non-governmental international organizations (NGOs) are the principal MSW management actors at Petit-Goave. Waste management in Petit-Goâve is financed by the municipal budget at 30% and the central government at70%.
The study found that, considering economic and technical factors, the aerobic composting process with “turned-windrow composting” is more suitable for Petit-Goave City in developing composting technology. The turned-windrow composting is to place organic solid waste into several rows of long piles and turn these piles periodically by either manual or mechanical way to mix and enhance air passing the composting materials. The most appropriate site for composting system is at 5 kilometers from the downtown of Petit-Goave. The most likely to happen secondary pollution is odor and dust of air pollution occurred during the operation of turned-windrow composting. This study proposed some operation management approaches to solve the problems. The operating management approach includes the emission minimization of methane gas and nitrogen oxides from composting piles by maintaining proper C/N ratio, sufficient air, moisture content, and pH control of composting piles. A board fence or wind fence will be constructed on site to control the dust and air currents. | en_US |