| dc.description.abstract | Abstract
In order to pass through mountainous ranges or to avoid environmental problem, more and more tunnels have been constructed to connect highway networks in Taiwan. However the impact is often much greater than on open road, if an accident occurs in a tunnel. The consequences could be extremely destructive and dangerous, especially in the event of a fire, because the enclosed space hinders the dissipation of heat and smoke. Therefore, the topic of this study is focused on the dangerous events caused by the firing smoke and whether the exit facilities, such as cross passageways is able to minimize the damage. In addition, the Shiue Shan tunnel which will be in service in this year is 12.9km long. As a result, the tunnel safety has been emphasized by government and people recently. The key point to minimize damage is that how to let the evacuees leave for safe region immediately and efficiently. In view of this, it is essential to provide enough space of the cross passageway for escape. The traditional evacuation plan is that all people escape along the direction opposite to the driving direction to enter the nearest cross passageway for either human or vehicle. Our study proposed another evacuation plan that only some portions of the people evacuate along the direction opposite to the driving direction and some evacuate along the driving direction. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic views, we provided the people able to evacuate per unit time as the supply and the people needed to evacuate as the demand by combining the concepts of supply and demand. Then we set up an estimate model of the evacuation plan. The items of the estimate model were included the amount of casualty, evacuation time and delay time. We analyzed both the traditional evacuation plan and the new proposed evacuation plan by our model. The results of this study revealed that in the worst situation, the accident occurred in the downstream of vehicle passageway, the amount of casualties was reduced by using our proposed evacuation plan. | en_US |