| dc.description.abstract | As information technology continues to develop rapidly, drivers are increasingly using various in-vehicle assistant information systems for navigation, most of which have visual displays. Because these systems will offer a lot of information to drivers while driving, so they will need the driver’’s attention. If fail to consider people’’s ability and restriction in the design, then the efficiency of the equipment certainly will be unable to totally give play to, may even induce some negative influence. In order to explore the selective attention mechanism and human information-processing model, eight experiments were carried out basing on ergonomics consideration. Our experiments suggest that any human–machine interface design in driving-associated systems should consider this information-processing bottleneck.
The result of those experiments could receive the following conclusions: (1)There was apparent influence in response time in the stimulus intensity, the intensity of stimulus was stronger, the shorter of the response time was; (2)The more difficult the task was, the response time would be longer, so more attention that needed; (3)The stimulus that suddenly appeared in the surrounding environment would capture the participant’s attention automaticaly, this ability enabled people to discover immediately that the state happen suddenly, but it might cause uncontrollable diverting one’’s attention; (4)The pre-cue could promoted the perception processing, but the invalid pre-cue might cause movements of reaction to postpone; (5) In a dual-task condition, the performance of each component task was worse than that in a single-task condition; (6)The human information-processing model appeared to be a serial bottleneck model; (7)The speed that the target moves would influence the performance of the tracking-task, but would make people’’s attention more absorbed; (8)The perception of auditory stimulus was faster than a visual stimulus, but because the difficult of judgment to the position of sound was not so easy as the vision, so the reaction for sound would be slow to the vision; (9)Our experiments generally indicated that the loss due to visual load appeared larger than the benefit that came from a compatible spatial effect. This finding implies that the human-machine interface design of in-vehicle systems should avoid irrelevant stimuli.
Our study suggests that: (1) Any human machine interface design in systems should consider this information-processing bottleneck; (2) A simple and prominent signal could be used to attract operators’’ attention prior to the emergent events; (3) Warning signal should adopt various kinds of signal type redundant design, otherwise we should consider sound perception fast than visual; (4) Visual load will delay our response, so we should reduce unnecessary signal on human-machine interface design.
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