| dc.description.abstract | Abstract
Pontianak, located in West Kalimantan Province（Kalimantan Barat）,Kalimantan Island, Indonesia, which is the business metropolis of Kalimantan Barat. Most of the residents were the immigrants from Meisien, Cantonese Province in Mainland China. Due to long-term language contact with the aboriginal languages and culture in Indonesia, and the influence by Dutch during the colonial era, Pontianak Hakka possesses some peculiar phonetic phenomenon and vocabulary. The research focuses on the people living in Pontianak and nearby.
The thesis is divided into six chapters. Chapter One is the introduction, which includes the motive and purpose of the research, reach method, literature review, historical and linguistic background. Chapter Two deals with the phonology of Pontianak Hakka. Chapter Three and Chapter Four focus on the diachronic and synchronic comparison. At first, using Middle Chinese as a reference point, we analyze the characteristics of initials, finals, and tones of Pontianak Hakka and its historical development. Secondly, we will compare Pontianak Hakka with other Hakka dialects in China and Taiwan in order to sum up the phonetic characteristic .Chapter Five introduces the special vocabulary. As languages develop, the meanings of words can change all the time. And the words disappear, blend, change and innovate. Chapter Six is the conclusion. In common, the phonetic and vocabulary of Pontianak Hakka are stored anciently and innovation,too.
In a word, Pontianak Hakka, the consonant is influenced by the Indonesian and producing /b/ consonant; some words bring about the apical voiced fricative -. The vowel from /i/ to // is changing, labial /ui/ is still kept anciently. The word suffix has three forms--/e/、/tsi/ and zero-suffix. The vowel coda /u/ disappears in glottal. Because of the influence of contact, more loadwords (borrowings), blend and innovation occur in Pontianak Hakka vocabulary.
Keyword：Pontianak, Pontianak Hakka, phonetic comparison, vocabulary comparison,
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