| dc.description.abstract | In the late years of Mao Zedong, whose successor was the focus of events, though Deng Xiaoping had performed well in the reform activity taken place in 1975, his opinions regarding the Cultural Revolution were quite different from those of Mao; therefore, Deng was forced to undertake his personal 3rd stepping down from the power, due to the “April Fifth Movement”. Finally, Hua Guofeng became the successor of Mao, he overthrew “the Gang of Four ”, and terminated the Cultural Revolution spanning a period of ten years.
As people across the nation hoped that Hua Guofeng could correct the mistaken “Leftist” implemented for past years; in contrast, he still continued to execute the false strategies of Mao arising in his late years. In the Eleventh Party Congress of Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Hua announced to continue the “class struggle”, presenting “two whatevers”, which contributed to the failure of the correction. Ultimately, Deng Xiaoping resumed his job because of the negotiation and supports of senior governors, he frustrated the prestige of Hua by means of commending opposite ideology, demonstrating his philosophy in relation to politics and economics to obtain supports; hence, the Thrid Plenum of Eleventh Party Congress ensured Deng the position of top leader in the CCP.
The Thrid Plenum of the Eleventh Party Congress disapproved the policies determined in the Eleventh Party Congress, presented to transfer the overall works of the party to the modernization construction, reforming the party, organization, redressing those mishandled cases of jurisdiction, promoting the reforms regarding industry and agriculture, thereby lifting the economic development of China. Hua Guofeng fell out of the power after the Sixth Plenum of the Eleventh Party Congress of CCP, due to his faults in economic policies and “two whatevers”. After assumption of the top leader, Deng Xiaoping set the “open-door and reform” economic policy, from then on, China formally escaped from the era of Mao during which frequent class struggle were taking place.
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