| dc.description.abstract | The Hui-Zhai(灰寨)town is located in Jiex county of Guangdong Province, and in the territory, people mainly speak Hakka dialect, while a small part of people speak Chaozhou dialect, moreover, due of interactions among different languages, the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai(灰寨) has gradually formed a special language of its own, and it is the research object of the paper. The author made on-site field survey, to collect language pronounciations and phrases of the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai, and to write the paper on the basis of the language data from field survey.The paper is divided into six chapters: Chapter One-Introduction, to illustrate the research motivation and purpose, research methods, as well as documentary investigations of the paper. Also, with adoption of “Field Survey Approach, Phonetic Description Approach, Dialect Comparative Method, and Historical Comparative Method”, the analytical researches are done accordingly. Chapter Two, to make introduction of flat pronunciation system on the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai, to make investigation of its sound phenomenon and discrepancies between ancient Chinese language and spoken language according to initials, finals of syllables and tone, to then create a list of words with similar sound for the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai. Chapter Three, according to initials, finals of syllables and tone, to make historical comparisons between the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai and the ancient Chinese sounds. Chapter Four, to make introduction on the phonetic traits of the Hakkan dialect from Hui-Zhai, and to make further illustrations on the characteristics of initials, finals of syllables and tone, as well as “special syllable sounds”. Chapter Five, by comparing the phrases, the differences of their morphology are highlighted. Lastly, Chapter Six-Conclusion.
The research results of the paper are with findings on the phonetic features of the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai, on the aspect of initials: there are two sets of palatal sounds, one is the second level of zhi group(知組), Jing group (精組) and Zhuang group (莊組), nowadays to be combined together to pronounce sounds by the front of tongue (as “alveolar”), including “ ts, ts’, and s ”, and the other is the third level of the zhi group(知組) and Zhang group (章組), nowadays to be combined together to pronounce sounds by the palatal of tongue (as “palatal-alveolar”), including “ t?, t?’,and ? ”.For some part of words from Fei group (非組) and zhi group(知組), to keep the ancient tradition for stress on lip sound, and sounds from top of tongue, whereas for the intials from fei,(非) fu(敷) and feng(奉) groups, most of them are combined together nowadays, to pronounce as “ f ; moreover, for the words from xi(溪)initial group, most of them are pronounced as “ k’-“ initial. Also, some parts of the words from xiao(曉) and xia(匣) initial groups, with both upper and lower lip to close inwardly, to make pronunciation as “ f ”. Due there are differences for the words between Ni and Lai initial groups, both of them will not be confused with each other. On the aspect of finals of syllables, the first and second levels as well as the third and fourth level from Xian-classifier (咸攝), all of them are presented a phenomenon of confluence. There are matches with each other in duo, for example, the o consonant from the first level of Guo-classifier(果攝)and the a consonant from the second level of Jia-classifier (假攝), as well as the o?/k consonants from the first level of Dang-classifier)(宕攝) and the a?/k consonants from the second level of Geng-classifier. (梗攝) For the second level of Jiang-classifier(江攝)with mouth open, both of the two words-Chuang and Shuang(“窗 and 雙”), to keep their pronunciation from the eastern part of Midland in the ancient time, to be combined together with Tong-classifier)(通攝) (＊u?). As to tail consonant of auxiliary sound-“-m,-n,-?,-p,-t,-k”, there is a complete preservation. On the aspect of tone: there are seven tones, and for some of the secondary voiced and rising tone, to pronounce “upper even tone”; for some of the completely voiced and rising tone, to pronounce “upper even tone”, belonging to Spoken language pronunciation level; for some of the completely voiced sound, nowadays to pronounce lower with falling tone, belonging to Ancient Chinese language pronunciation level; moreover, there are also findings that the most words from the ancient ying(影), yi(以)and yun(云) initial groups, as well as some of the words from ri(日) initial group, nowadays to be pronounced as “ ?- “. For the tone directions of the secondary voiced initials in the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai, there are more of them with lower than upper tone. After researches and comparison analysis between the phonetic system and phrases for the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai, to know that there are more similarities on the Hakka dialects between Hui-Zhai and Taiwan, while few are varied, and there is preservation of phrase usages from the rural areas, as well as on the side of innovation. In comparison to the Hakka dialects in other regions, there are several special phrases in the Hakka dialect from Hui-Zhai, for example: 去往(to where), 裡當(here), 夠日(whole day), 白目(blind), 你伴(you), 佢伴(they), 老鼠奶(short rice noodle), 烏田蛇(cobra), 笑歪(embarrassed), 圩埔(metropolitan) and伴大(peer), moreover, these special phrases are seldom seen in the Hakkan dialect from other regions.
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