1070鋁合金超音波輔助等通彎角擠製之研究

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姓名

張家溢(JHANG,JIA-YI) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

1070鋁合金超音波輔助等通彎角擠製之研究

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摘要(中)

本文以實驗方式探討超音波振動輔助對於等通道彎角擠製 (ECAE)之影響。本文超音波加載方式分為軸向加載及橫向加載兩種, 以不同加載方式、不同振幅大小、不同沖頭行程位置加載及不同沖頭擠製速度作為加工參數,探討超音波對於 Al-1070 試片成型力及試片機械性質影響。並以有限元素軟體 Deform 3D 對於超音波振動輔助 ECAE 進行分析。
實驗結果顯示,在超音波輔助 ECAE 製程中,不論是單獨施加軸向、橫向或是同時雙軸向加載,對於降低成型力及提升試片硬度均有良好的效應。利用有限元素模擬分析,調整有限元素模型內的接觸條件及材料性質建立其等效模型,提出超音波軟化及摩擦力減少兩種機制都可能存在於超音波輔助 ECAE 的製程中。

摘要(英)

This study aims to explore experimentally the influence
of ultrasonic vibration on equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE).The ultrasonic system divided in axial direction and lateral direction. In different loading methods, different amplitude, different load, punch stroke position and different punch speed extruded as the processing parameters, to explore the effect of forming force and mechanical property of the A1-1070 specimen. Also in Deform-3D finite element software to analyze the equal channel angular extrusion(ECAE) that applied with the ultrasonic vibration.
The experimental results shows that ultrasonic vibration on ECAE, whether in axial direction, lateral direction or simultaneous biaxial loading, for lower forming force and enhance the hardness of the specimen both have good effect. Using the finite element to analyze, adjust the contact conditions and material properties of finite element model to build the equivalent model. Putting forward the acoustic softening and friction reduction are both may exist in process of ultrasonic vibration on ECAE.

關鍵字(中)

★ 超音波振動
★ 等通道彎角擠製
★ 聲波軟化

關鍵字(英)

★ ECAE
★ ECAP
★ ultrasonic vibration
★ acoustic softening

論文目次

目錄
摘要 .............................................. iv
目錄 ............................................. vii
表目錄 ............................................. x
圖目錄 ........................................... xiv
第一章緒論........................................1
1.1 前言 ............................................... 1 1.2 文獻回顧 ........................................... 3 1.2.1 超音波輔助塑性加工:............................. 3 1.2.2 等通道彎角擠製加工:............................. 6 1.3 研究動機 ........................................... 9
第二章基本理論...................................10
2.1 等通道彎角擠製(ECAE)製程 ........................... 10 2.2超音波基本理論..................................... 10 2.2.1 體積效應 ...................................... 11 2.2.2 表面效應 ...................................... 12
第三章實驗設備及方法 ............................. 15
3.1實驗設備........................................... 15 vii
3.1.1 ECAE 模具...................................... 15 3.1.2 超音波振動系統 ................................ 15 3.1.3 100 噸油壓機................................... 16 3.1.4 資料結取系統 .................................. 16 3.1.5 慢速切割機 .................................... 16 3.1.6 拋光研磨機 .................................... 16 3.1.7 維克氏硬度機 .................................. 17 3.1.8 拉伸試驗機 .................................... 17
3.2 實驗方法........................................ 17 3.2.2 試片製作 ...................................... 17 3.2.3 實驗條件 ...................................... 18 3.2.4 實驗步驟 ...................................... 19 3.2.5 拉伸試驗 ...................................... 20 3.2.6 維克氏硬度量測................................. 21
第四章實驗結果與討論 ............................. 22
4.1 超音波振動對於 ECAE 成型力之影響.................... 22 4.1.1 不同行程加載軸向超音波對於 ECAE 成型力之影響 .... 22 4.1.2 不同擠製速度下軸向超音波對於 ECAE 成型力之影響 .. 31 4.1.3 軸向超音波振幅對於 ECAE 成型力之影響 ........... 32 4.1.4 不同行程加載橫向超音波對於 ECAE 成型力之影響.... 32 4.1.5 不同擠製速度下橫向超音波對於 ECAE 成型力之影響 .. 41
4.1.6 橫向超音波振幅對於 ECAE 成型力之影響 ........... 41 viii
4.1.7 雙軸向超音波振動輔助 ECAE 對於成型力之影響 ..... 42 4.2 超音波振動輔助 ECAE 對於試片硬度之影響.............. 43
4.2.1 不同行程位置加載軸向超音波 ECAE 對於試片硬度之影響 .................................................... 44 4.2.2 不同擠製速度下軸向超音波振動輔助 ECAE 對於試片硬度之影響 ................................................ 45 4.2.3 軸向超音波振幅對於 ECAE 試片硬度之影響 ......... 46
4.2.3 不同行程位置加載橫向超音波對於 ECAE 試片硬度之影響 .................................................... 47 4.2.4 不同擠製速度下橫向超音波振動輔助 ECAE 對於試片硬度之影響 ................................................ 48 4.2.6 橫向超音波振幅對於 ECAE 試片硬度之影響 ......... 50 4.2.7 雙軸向超音波振動輔助 ECAE 對於試片硬度之影響 .... 51 4.3 拉伸試驗 .......................................... 52 4.4 超音波振動輔助 ECAE 有限元素分析.................... 53 4.4.1 傳統 ECAE 有限元素分析 ......................... 53 4.4.2 軸向超音波振動輔助 ECAE 有限元素分析 ........... 54 4.4.3 超音波輔助 ECAE 等效模型 ....................... 55
第五章結論與建議.................................58
5-1 結論 .............................................. 58 5-2 建議 .............................................. 60
參考文獻 .......................................... 61

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指導教授

葉維磬(YEH WEI CHING)

審核日期

2015-7-30

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