鍶錳酸鑭鍍層對固態氧化物燃料電池接合件機械性質之影響

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侯梵琳(Fan-lin Hou) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

鍶錳酸鑭鍍層對固態氧化物燃料電池接合件機械性質之影響
(Effects of LSM Coating on Joining Strength Between Metallic Interconnect and Glass-Ceramic Sealant for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell)

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摘要(中)

本研究目的在探討環境及溫度對於玻璃陶瓷接合劑與含鍶錳酸鑭(LSM)鍍層之金屬連接板接合件的接合強度及破壞模式的影響，所使用的玻璃陶瓷為核能研究所開發一款代號為GC-9的材質，LSM鍍層材質為La0.67Sr0.33MnO3，金屬連接板則是使用代號為Crofer 22 APU的商用肥粒鐵系不銹鋼。藉由製作四款三明治試片，分別量測未含有鍍層及含有鍍層接合件在室溫與800 °C氧化環境下的剪力及張力強度，同時量測含有鍍層接合件的張力及剪力試片在室溫與800 °C還原環境下的強度。
實驗結果顯示，高溫下玻璃膠軟化致使任何一種試片在高溫環境測試的強度皆下降。含有LSM鍍層的試片與未含有LSM鍍層的試片相比較，不論在高溫還是常溫，其強度下降36 ~ 80%。含有鍍層的剪力試片在氧化環境時效1000小時後，強度明顯較未時效的試片上升52 ~ 200%，因為玻璃膠在時效時會軟化進而填補孔洞；但對於張力試片而言，時效後的強化現象並不顯著。在還原環境時效後，剪力試片的接合強度下降44 ~ 100%；張力試片在常溫測試下接合強度下降65%，但高溫時由於玻璃膠軟化後填補孔洞，強度上升87%。對於未時效的試片而言，短時間的機械測試環境效應對於接合件強度有些微的影響，但不顯著。而在還原環境時效1000小時後的含有鍍層試片，相較於在氧化環境時效後試片的強度為低，唯有在高溫測試的張力試片，因為還原環境中的水氣成份滲透玻璃膠使其軟化，致使強度上升。
由微結構及破斷面分析結果發現，含鍍層的接合件在LSM鍍層與GC-9玻璃膠之間會有明顯的孔洞產生。氧化鉻會形成在LSM鍍層與金屬基板之間，而只在氧化環境長時效處理的試片發現較明顯的鉻酸鋇存在，乃是因為氧化環境的長時效處理會使得LSM鍍層變薄產生裂縫。因此，LSM鍍層可以有效阻擋鉻毒化。還原環境的時效試片則會因為環境中缺乏氧氣不利於玻璃膠與LSM鍍層形成結晶相，甚至使得LSM鍍層中的化合物裂解、孔洞集中且擴大，導致還原環境時效後的試片強度下降。在長時效的試片，皆可以在孔洞中觀察到尖晶石結構，但在氧化環境中觀察到較密集的尖晶石。接合件強度與破裂介面位置，主要受孔洞分布位置的影響。部份試片則因為在高溫時效處理時玻璃軟化、填補空孔，使其強度上升。

摘要(英)

The objective of this study is to investigate the joint strength between glass-ceramic sealant and LSM-coated metallic interconnect both in air and a reducing environment (H2-7 vol% H2O) at RT and 800 °C. The applied materials are a GC-9 glass-ceramic developed at the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER), a LSM layer coated at INER, and a commercial Crofer 22 APU ferritic stainless steel.
The joint strength is reduced as the testing temperature is increased from room temperature (RT) to 800 °C, regardless of specimen condition. The joint strength between the given GC-9 glass-ceramic sealant and Crofer 22 APU interconnect steel is degraded by 36-80% in applying a LSM coating on the interconnect steel. The shear strength of LSM-coated specimen is enhanced by 52-200% at RT and 800 °C after 1000-h thermal aging in air. This may be attributed to a self-healing effect of the GC-9 glass-ceramic during the thermal aging treatment in air to reduce the pore size existent around the GC-9/LSM interface. As for tensile specimen, the enhancement of joint strength is insignificant after thermal aging in air. A thermal aging of 1000 h in H2-7 vol% H2O reduces the shear strength by 44-100% at RT and 800 °C while it reduces 65% of the tensile strength at RT but enhances it by 87% at 800 °C. The enhancement of tensile strength at 800 °C may result from diffusion of water into GC-9 and relaxation of GC-9 structure during thermal aging in wet hydrogen.
No significant environment effect on the joint strength of non-aged, coated specimen is found due to a short period of mechanical testing. After 1000 h-aging in each environment, the joint strength of coated specimens aged in H2-7 vol% H2O is generally lower than that aged in air except the tensile strength at 800 °C. The exception may be associated with a water softening effect during thermal aging in H2-7 vol% H2O.
Cr2O3 is observed between LSM and metal substrate in the LSM-coated joint. Pores within GC-9 as well as at the interface of LSM and GC-9 are found in the LSM-coated specimen. Cr is well blocked by the LSM coating such that BaCrO4 is observed only in air-aged specimen due to LSM volume shrinkage. Spinel is observed within the GC-9 pores on the LSM layer after thermal aging in both oxidizing and reducing environments, with a higher density found in the specimen aged in air. The joint strength and fracture path are affected by the pores existent around the LSM/GC-9 interface for the LSM-coated joint. A self-healing effect of GC-9 glass-ceramic at high temperature could help heal these pores and improve the joint strength.

關鍵字(中)

★ 固態氧化物燃料電池
★ 接合件強度
★ 玻璃陶瓷膠
★ 連接板
★ 鍶錳酸鑭鍍層
★ 環境效應

關鍵字(英)

★ Solid oxide fuel cel
★ Joint strength
★ Glass-ceramic sealant
★ Interconnect
★ LSM coating
★ Environmental Effect

論文目次

LIST OF TABLES VIII
LIST OF FIGURES IX
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 1
1.2 Glass Sealant 2
1.3 Joint of Glass-Ceramic Sealant and Metallic Interconnect 5
1.4 Effects of Coating on the Metallic Interconnect 7
1.5 Purpose 11
2. MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES 13
2.1 Materials and Specimen Preparation 13
2.2 Mechanical Testing 15
2.3 Microstructural Analysis 16
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 17
3.1 Joint Strength in Oxidizing Atmosphere 18
3.1.1 Effect of LSM coating 18
3.1.2 Effect of aging on coated joint 23
3.2 Joint Strength in Reducing Atmosphere 27
3.2.1 Effect of LSM coating 27
3.2.2 Effect of aging on coated joint 29
3.3 Comparison of Joint Strength in Oxidizing and Reducing Environments 33
3.4 Overall Comparison 34
4. CONCLUSIONS 37
REFERENCES 39
TABLES 45
FIGURES 48

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指導教授

林志光、菅田淳(Chih-kuang Lin Atsushi Sugeta)

審核日期

2015-8-25

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