使用前額穩態視覺誘發電位之腦波人機介面研究

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姓名

黃昱禎(Yu-Chen Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

使用前額穩態視覺誘發電位之腦波人機介面研究
(A Frontal SSVEP-Based Brain Computer Interface)

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摘要(中)

本研究利用相位編碼閃光誘發出前額穩態視覺誘發電位(Steady -State Visual Evoked Potential, SSVEP)作為控制訊號，發展一套四選項腦機介面系統(Brain Computer Interface, BCI)。傳統視覺誘發電位大多量測於大腦皮質之枕葉區，電極之設置較不便且量測期間易受頭髮干擾，影響量測訊號品質。為了不讓頭髮干擾訊號、以及提升使用性，本研究將電極擺放至國際10-20system之FPz位置，提供一種新的穩態視覺腦波人機介面設計。
目前前額穩態視覺誘發電位的相關研究多數在探討其與認知領域的關聯性，並無利用前額穩態視覺誘發電位設計腦波人機介面的相關文獻，所以本研究先探討前額穩態視覺誘發電位設計腦波人機介面的可行性以定出腦波人機介面的閃光頻率以及閃光數目，也從中發現前額穩態視覺誘發電位較容易受眼動、眨眼訊號等其他雜訊之影響訊號品質，藉由配合適當的濾波器設計、配合眼動偵測與疊加平均技術，可成功將受到上述雜訊干擾的區段剔除並且濾除自發性腦波使得相位特徵更加穩定，最後藉由判斷使用者之前額穩態視覺誘發電位相位特徵得到使用者注視的閃光選項，使用者可根據其意念選擇要注視的閃光以輸入指令。
本研究徵召六位受試者，目前發展出的腦波人機介面已經可以達到四個指令的輸入，其平均指令傳輸速度可達7.35 second/command以及91%的準確率。

摘要(英)

This study aim to develop a new brain computer interface (BCI), which is based on frontal Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) evoked by phase-tagged flashes in four light emitting diodes (LEDs).Traditional SSVEP-based BCI usually place electrodes on the scalp overlying occipital region. However, scalp around occipital area is usually covered with hair which requires longer setup time than non-hair bearing area and the contact impedance increases with the experiment time. Therefore, in order to achieve a SSVEP-based BCI for convenient use, the measurement of EEG electrode was moved to Fpz position in this study, referring to international EEG 10-20 system.
Though several studies have been discussed about the relation between frontal SSVEP and cognitive functions, to our understanding, rare literatures were found in BCI applications. To investigate the possibility of frontal SSVEP in BCI use, we have first investigated the frequency-preference characteristics of frontal SSVEP and then evaluate the feasible flash number and flashing frequencies for BCI control. We found frontal SSVEP is more easily influenced by motion artifacts, such as eye blinks and eye movements. With proper rejection of artifact-contaminated SSVEP epochs, the frontal SSVEP can be stably obtained through band-pass filtering and epoch-averaging process. In our study, six subjects were recruited to sequentially input a command sequence, consisting of a sequence of four numbers, repeated twice. The accuracy and information transfer rate (mean ± SD) over the six subjects were 91.00 ± 7.68% and 12.36 ± 3.06 bits/min, respectively.

關鍵字(中)

★ 穩態視覺誘發電位
★ 大腦人機介面
★ 前額葉

關鍵字(英)

★ Steady-state Visual Evoked Potential(SSVEP)
★ Brain Computer Interface (BCI)
★ Frontal cortex

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 研究目的 2
1-3 論文架構 2
第二章文獻回顧與探討 3
2-1 視覺路徑 3
2-1-1 magnocellular(MC) pathway 4
2-1-2 parvocellular(PC) pathway 4
2-1-3 koniocellular(KC) pathway 4
2-1-4 背流路徑(dorsal stream pathway) 5
2-1-5 腹流路徑(ventral stream pathway) 5
2-2 視覺誘發電位 6
2-2-1 圖形視覺誘發電位 7
2-2-2 瞬時閃光誘發電位 9
2-2-3 穩態視覺誘發電位 10
2-3 穩態視覺誘發電位之大腦人機介面系統 11
2-4 前額葉之穩態視覺誘發電位 14
第三章系統架構與訊號處理方法 15
3-1 系統架構 15
3-1-1 腦波機 15
3-1-2 刺激光源裝置設計 18
3-1-3 圖形化實驗者操作介面 20
3-2 訊號處理方法 21
3-2-1 相位編碼閃光序列設計 21
3-2-2 數位濾波器 22
3-2-3 疊加平均技術與去除眼動訊號 26
3-2-4 訊號處理流程 27
3-2-5 相位角分析方法 29
第四章實驗設計與結果 30
4-1 前額閃光頻率之選擇 30
4-1-1 實驗設計 30
4-1-2 實驗結果與討論 31
4-2 前額SSVEP相位編碼可行性之探討 33
4-2-1 實驗設計 33
4-2-2 實驗結果與討論 34
4-3 前額SSVEP-BCI 使用結果 37
4-3-1 實驗設計 37
4-3-2 實驗結果與討論 39
第五章結論與未來展望 41
參考文獻 42

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指導教授

李柏磊

審核日期

2015-8-21

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