暗黑人格與網路遊戲中的衝動購買：探討享樂價值、遊戲忠誠度與網路遊戲疾患之影響

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：34

、訪客IP：18.223.205.183

姓名

肖志豪(Zhi-Hao Xiao) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

企業管理學系

論文名稱

暗黑人格與網路遊戲中的衝動購買：探討享樂價值、遊戲忠誠度與網路遊戲疾患之影響
(Dark Tetrad and Impulse Buying in Online Games: Exploring the Effects of Hedonic Value, Gaming Loyalty and Internet Gaming Disorder)

相關論文

★ 探討ASMR與感官品牌體驗、懷舊、品牌權益及購買意願之機制

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

至系統瀏覽論文 (2027-3-21以後開放)

摘要(中)

網路遊戲在給大家的生活帶來樂趣的同時也引起了一些問題，而網路遊戲成癮和遊戲中衝動消費是人們關注的重點。本研究以網路遊戲為例探討四種暗黑人格：馬基維利主義、自戀、心理病態和施虐與享樂價值之間的關係；享樂價值與遊戲忠誠度之間的關係，以及網路遊戲疾患是否會中介兩者之間的關係；遊戲忠誠度和衝動購買之間的關係。本研究共放發問卷793份，收回實際有效問卷519份。研究結果顯示自戀、施虐人格對享樂主義有正向關係，享樂價值、遊戲忠誠度與網路遊戲疾患三者之間都有正向關係，並且網路遊戲疾患對享樂價值和遊戲忠誠度有中介效果，遊戲忠誠度對網路遊戲中的衝動購買有正向關係。

摘要(英)

While online games bring fun to people′s lives, they also cause some problems, Internet gaming disorder and impulsive consumption in games are the focus of people′s attention. This study takes online games as an example to explore the relationship between four types of dark personality: Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, sadism and hedonic. The relationship between hedonic and gamer loyalty, and whether Internet gaming disorder the relationship between the two; The relationship between gamer loyalty and impulse buying. A total of 793 questionnaires were sent out and 519 were actually valid. The results show that narcissism and sadism have a positive relationship with hedonic, and there is a positive relationship between hedonism, gamer loyalty and Internet gaming disorder. Internet gaming disorder has a mediating effect on hedonic and gamer loyalty, and gamer loyalty has a positive relationship with impulse buying in online games.

關鍵字(中)

★ 暗黑人格
★ 享樂價值
★ 衝動購買
★ 遊戲忠誠度
★ 網路遊戲疾患

關鍵字(英)

★ dark tetrad
★ impulse buying
★ hedonic value
★ gamer loyalty
★ internet gaming disorder,

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 vii
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 1
1-2 研究目的 4
1-3 研究流程 4
第二章文獻探討 7
2-1 暗黑人格 7
2-2 享樂價值 10
2-3 遊戲忠誠度 14
2-4 網路遊戲疾患 17
2-5 衝動購買 19
第三章研究方法 23
3-1 研究架構 23
3-2 研究樣本 23
3-3 研究工具 24
3-4 研究步驟 26
第四章研究結果 29
4-1 樣本敘述性統計 29
4-2 量表敘述性統計 31
4-3 信度分析 34
4-4 變項相關性分析 35
4-5 效度分析 38
4-6 模型適配度檢定 41
4-7 結構方程模型 41
第五章研究與建議 45
5-1 研究結論 45
5-2 管理意涵 47
5-3 研究限制與建議 49
參考文獻 53
附錄 60

圖目錄
圖 1 研究流程圖 6
圖 2 研究架構 23
圖 3 結構方程模型圖 42

表目錄
表 1 性別次數分配表 29
表 2 年齡次數分配表 30
表 3 受教育程度次數分配表 30
表 4 職業次數分配表 30
表 5 年收入次數分配表 31
表 6 量表敘述性統計 32
表 7 整體與構面信度 35
表 8 研究構面之相關係數矩陣 37
表 9 收斂效度表 38
表 10區別效度表 40
表 11 整體模型適配度 41
表 12 假說驗證結果 43

參考文獻

中国版协游戏工委（2020），中国游戏产业报告，游戏产业网-游戏工委官方网站 (cgigc.com.cn)。
3DM(Ed.)(2021)《天涯明月刀OL》官托物品引众怒玩家删号竟然违法？《天涯明月刀OL》官托物品引众怒玩家删号竟然违法？_3DM网游 (3dmgame.com)
Abell, L., & Brewer, G. (2014). Machiavellianism, self-monitoring, self-promotion and relational aggression on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 36(3), 258-262.
Ahn, J. A., & Seo, S. (2018). Consumer responses to interactive restaurant self-service technology (IRSST): The role of gadget-loving propensity. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 74(3), 109-121.
American Psychiatric Association, A. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (Vol. 5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Andreassen, T. W., & Lindestad, B. (1998). Customer loyalty and complex services: The impact of corporate image on quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty for customers with varying degrees of service expertise. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 9(1), 7-23.
Arnold, M. J., & Reynolds, K. E. (2003). Hedonic shopping motivations. Journal of Retailing, 79(2), 77-95.
Babin, B. J., & Attaway, J. S. (2000). Atmospheric affect as a tool for creating value and gaining share of customer. Journal of Business Research, 49(2), 91-99.
Babin, B. J., Darden, W. R., & Griffin, M. (1994). Work and/or fun: measuring hedonic and utilitarian shopping value. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(4), 644-656.
Balakrishnan, J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). Loyalty towards online games, gaming addiction, and purchase intention towards online mobile in-game features. Computers in Human Behavior, 87(2), 238-246.
Baumeister, R. F. (2002). Yielding to temptation: Self-control failure, impulsive purchasing, and consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(4), 670-676.
Becker, G. S., & Murphy, K. M. (1988). A theory of rational addiction. Journal of Political Economy, 96(4), 675-700.
Berthon, P., Pitt, L., Halvorson, W., Ewing, M., & Crittenden, V. L. (2010). Advocating avatars: The salesperson in second life. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 30(3), 195-208.
Bhattacherjee, A. (2001). Understanding information systems continuance: An expectation-confirmation model. MIS Quarterly, 25(3), 351-370.
Blasi, M. D., Giardina, A., Giordano, C., Coco, G. L., Tosto, C., Billieux, J., & Schimmenti, A. (2019). Problematic video game use as an emotional coping strategy: Evidence from a sample of MMORPG gamers. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8(1), 25-34.
Book, A., Visser, B. A., Blais, J., Hosker-Field, A., Methot-Jones, T., Gauthier, N. Y., . . . D′Agata, M. T. (2016). Unpacking more “evil”: What is at the core of the dark tetrad? Personality Individual Differences, 90(1), 269-272.
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sociological Methods & Research, 21(2), 230-258.
Buckels, E. E. (2012). The pleasures of hurting others: Behavioral evidence for everyday sadism (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia).
Buckels, E. E., Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). Behavioral confirmation of everyday sadism. Psychological Science, 24(11), 2201-2209.
Buckels, E. E., Trapnell, P. D., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Trolls just want to have fun. Personality Individual Differences, 67(1), 97-102.
Burnett, M. S., & Lunsford, D. A. (1994). Conceptualizing guilt in the consumer decision‐making process. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 11(3), 33-43.
Carpenter, J. M. (2008). Consumer shopping value, satisfaction and loyalty in discount retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 15(5), 358-363.
Chandrashekaran, M., Rotte, K., Tax, S. S., & Grewal, R. (2007). Satisfaction strength and customer loyalty. Journal of Marketing Research, 44(1), 153-163.
Choi, D., & Kim, J. (2004). Why people continue to play online games: In search of critical design factors to increase customer loyalty to online contents. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(1), 11-24.
Chung, K. L., Morshidi, I., Yoong, L. C., & Thian, K. N. (2019). The role of the dark tetrad and impulsivity in social media addiction: Findings from Malaysia. Personality Individual Differences, 143(1), 62-67.
Chung, N., Song, H. G., & Lee, H. (2017). Consumers’ impulsive buying behavior of restaurant products in social commerce. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(2), 709-731.
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 5.
Dahling, J. J., Whitaker, B. G., & Levy, P. E. (2009). The development and validation of a new Machiavellianism scale. Journal of Management, 35(2), 219-257.
Davis, R., Lang, B., & Gautam, N. (2013). Modeling utilitarian‐hedonic dual mediation (UHDM) in the purchase and use of games. Internet Research, 23(2), 229-256.
Dawson, S., & Kim, M. (2010). Cues on apparel web sites that trigger impulse purchases. Journal of Fashion Marketing Management: An International Journal, 14(2), 230-246.
De Ruyter, K., Wetzels, M., & Bloemer, J. (1998). On the relationship between perceived service quality, service loyalty and switching costs. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 9(5), 436-453.
Dhar, R., & Wertenbroch, K. (2000). Consumer choice between hedonic and utilitarian goods. Journal of Marketing Research, 37(1), 60-71.
Engl, S., & Nacke, L. E. (2013). Contextual influences on mobile player experience–A game user experience model. Entertainment Computing, 4(1), 83-91.
Fenton‐O’Creevy, M., & Furnham, A. (2020). Money attitudes, personality and chronic impulse buying. Applied Psychology, 69(4), 1557-1572.
Forsyth, D. R., Banks, G. C., & McDaniel, M. A. (2012). A meta-analysis of the Dark Triad and work behavior: a social exchange perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 557.
Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013). The Dark Triad of personality: A 10 year review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(3), 199-216.
Goodboy, A. K., & Martin, M. M. (2015). The personality profile of a cyberbully: Examining the Dark Triad. Computers in Human Behavior, 49(1), 1-4.
Griffiths, M. (1996). Gambling on the Internet: A brief note. J. Gambl. Stud, 12(1), 4-471.
Griffiths, M. D., Van Rooij, A. J., Kardefelt-Winther, D., Starcevic, V., Király, O., Pallesen, S., . . . Prause, N. J. A. (2016). Working towards an international consensus on criteria for assessing Internet gaming disorder: A critical commentary on Petry et al.(2014). Addiction, 111(1), 167-175.
Gungor, I. H., Eksi, H., & Aricak, O. T. (2012). Value Preferences Predicting Narcissistic Personality Traits in Young Adults. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 12(2), 1281-1290.
Hair, J. F. (2009). Multivariate data analysis.
Hair, J. F. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. & Tatham, R. L. (2006).Multivariate Data Analysis (6th ed). Prentice-Hall.
Hamari, J., & Keronen, L. (2017). Why do people buy virtual goods: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 71(1), 59-69.
Hamari, J., Keronen, L., & Alha, K. (2015, January). Why do people play games? A review of studies on adoption and use. In 2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 3559-3568). IEEE.
Hayduk, L. A. (1987). Structural equation modeling with LISREL: Essentials and advances. Jhu Press.
Hellström, C., Nilsson, K. W., Leppert, J., & Åslund, C. (2015). Effects of adolescent online gaming time and motives on depressive, musculoskeletal, and psychosomatic symptoms. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 120(4), 263-275.
Hirschman, E. C. (1983). Predictors of self-projection, fantasy fulfillment, and escapism. The Journal of Social Psychology, 120(1), 63-76.
Hirschman, E. C., & Holbrook, M. B. (1982). Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of Marketing, 46(3), 92-101.
Hogan, R., & Hogan, J. (2001). Assessing leadership: A view from the dark side. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9(1‐2), 40-51.
Holbrook, M. B., & Gardner, M. P. (2000). Illustrating a dynamic model of the mood‐updating process in consumer behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 17(3), 165-194.
Holbrook, M. B., & Hirschman, E. C. (1982). The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 132-140.
Horner, S., & Swarbrooke, J. (2012). Leisure marketing. Routledge.
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 37-41.
Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28-41.
Kajonius, P. J., Persson, B. N., & Jonason, P. K. (2015). Hedonism, achievement, and power: Universal values that characterize the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 77(1), 173-178.
Kang, T. H., & Kim, H. G. (2016). A study of the precedents and the dependent variables on the boredom of the mobile game. The Journal of Internet Electronic Commerce Research, 16(1), 215-235.
Kessler, S. R., Bandelli, A. C., Spector, P. E., Borman, W. C., Nelson, C. E., & Penney, L. M. (2010). Re‐examining Machiavelli: A three‐dimensional model of Machiavellianism in the workplace. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(8), 1868-1896.
Kim, E. J., Namkoong, K., Ku, T., & Kim, S. J. (2008). The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits. European Psychiatry, 23(3), 212-218.
Király, O., Griffiths, M. D., Urbán, R., Farkas, J., Kökönyei, G., Elekes, Z., ... & Demetrovics, Z. (2014). Problematic Internet use and problematic online gaming are not the same: Findings from a large nationally representative adolescent sample. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(12), 749-754.
Király, O., Urbán, R., Griffiths, M. D., Ágoston, C., Nagygyörgy, K., Kökönyei, G., & Demetrovics, Z. (2015). The mediating effect of gaming motivation between psychiatric symptoms and problematic online gaming: An online survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(4), e88.
Kircaburun, K., & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). The dark side of internet: Preliminary evidence for the associations of dark personality traits with specific online activities and problematic internet use. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(4), 993-1003.
Laros, F. J., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. (2005). Emotions in consumer behavior: a hierarchical approach. Journal of Business Research, 58(10), 1437-1445.
LeBreton, J. M., Binning, J. F., & Adorno, A. J. (2006). Subclinical psychopaths. Comprehensive Handbook of Personality and Psychopathology, 1, 388-411.
LeBreton, J. M., Shiverdecker, L. K., & Grimaldi, E. M. (2018). The dark triad and workplace behavior. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(1), 387-414.
Lee, J. A., & Kacen, J. J. (2008). Cultural influences on consumer satisfaction with impulse and planned purchase decisions. Journal of Business Research, 61(3), 265-272.
Lee, Z. W., Cheung, C. M., & Chan, T. K. (2021). Understanding massively multiplayer online role‐playing game addiction: A hedonic management perspective. Information Systems Journal, 31(1), 33-61.
Lemmens, J. S., & Hendriks, S. J. (2016). Addictive online games: Examining the relationship between game genres and Internet gaming disorder. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(4), 270-276.
Levenson, M. R., Kiehl, K. A., & Fitzpatrick, C. M. (1995). Assessing psychopathic attributes in a noninstitutionalized population. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(1), 151.
Li, H., Liu, Y., Xu, X., Heikkilä, J., & van der Heijden, H. (2015). Modeling hedonic is continuance through the uses and gratifications theory: An empirical study in online games. Computers in Human Behavior, 48(1), 261-272.
Luo, M. M., Chen, J. S., Ching, R. K., & Liu, C. C. (2011). An examination of the effects of virtual experiential marketing on online customer intentions and loyalty. The Service Industries Journal, 31(13), 2163-2191.
Malik, M. E., Ghafoor, M. M., Hafiz, K. I., Riaz, U., Hassan, N. U., Mustafa, M., & Shahbaz, S. (2013). Importance of brand awareness and brand loyalty in assessing purchase intentions of consumer. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(5).
Marder, B., Gattig, D., Collins, E., Pitt, L., Kietzmann, J., & Erz, A. (2019). The Avatar′s new clothes: Understanding why players purchase non-functional items in free-to-play games. Computers in Human Behavior, 91(1), 72-83.
Marsh, H. W., Balla, J. R., & McDonald, R. P. (1988). Goodness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis: The effect of sample size. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 391.
Mokros, A., Schilling, F., Weiss, K., Nitschke, J., & Eher, R. (2014). Sadism in sexual offenders: Evidence for dimensionality. Psychological Assessment, 26(1), 138.
Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 177-196.
Newzoo, B. (2020). Global games market report. Amsterdam: gamesindustry. com.
Nojima, M. (2007, September). Pricing models and Motivations for MMO play. In DiGRA Conference.
Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence consumer loyalty?. Journal of Marketing, 63(4), 33-44.
O′Meara, A., Davies, J., & Hammond, S. (2011). The psychometric properties and utility of the Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS). Psychological Assessment, 23(2), 523.
Overby, J. W., & Lee, E. J. (2006). The effects of utilitarian and hedonic online shopping value on consumer preference and intentions. Journal of Business Research, 59(10-11), 1160-1166.
Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Toward a taxonomy of dark personalities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(6), 421-426.
Paulhus, D. L., & Neumann, C. S. (2014). Manual for the Hare Self-report Psychopathy (SRP) scale. Toronto, ON, Canada: Multi-Health Systems.
Pfattheicher, S., Keller, J., & Knezevic, G. (2019). Destroying things for pleasure: On the relation of sadism and vandalism. Personality and Individual Differences, 140(2), 52-56.
Quandt, T., & Kröger, S. (2013). Multiplayer: The social aspects of digital gaming. Routledge.
Quednow, B. B., Hulka, L. M., Preller, K. H., Baumgartner, M. R., Eisenegger, C., & Vonmoos, M. (2017). Stable self-serving personality traits in recreational and dependent cocaine users. PloS One, 12(3), e0172853.
Rauthmann, J. F., & Will, T. (2011). Proposing a multidimensional Machiavellianism conceptualization. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 39(3), 391-403.
Ray, J. J., & Ray, J. A. B. (1982). Some apparent advantages of subclinical psychopathy. The Journal of Social Psychology, 117(1), 135-142.
Rehbein, F., Staudt, A., Hanslmaier, M., & Kliem, S. (2016). Video game playing in the general adult population of Germany: Can higher gaming time of males be explained by gender specific genre preferences?. Computers in Human Behavior, 55(1), 729-735.
Reichheld, F. F., & Schefter, P. (2000). E-loyalty: your secret weapon on the web. Harvard Business Review, 78(4), 105-113.
Rohan, M. J. (2000). A rose by any name? The values construct. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4(3), 255-277.
Rook, D. W. (1987). The buying impulse. Journal of consumer research, 14(2), 189-199.
Rook, D. W., & Gardner, M. P. (1993). In the mood: Impulse buying’s affective antecedents. Research in Consumer Behavior, 6(7), 1-28.
Russell-Bennett, R., McColl-Kennedy, J. R., & Coote, L. V. (2007). Involvement, satisfaction, and brand loyalty in a small business services setting. Journal of Business Research, 60(12), 1253-1260.
Sest, N., & March, E. (2017). Constructing the cyber-troll: Psychopathy, sadism, and empathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 119(1), 69-72.
Shahjehan, A., Zeb, F., & Saifullah, K. (2012). The effect of personality on impulsive and compulsive buying behaviors. African Journal of Business Management, 6(6), 2187-2194.
Shim, J. W., Lee, S., & Paul, B. (2007). Who responds to unsolicited sexually explicit materials on the internet?: The role of individual differences. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10(1), 71-79.
Shyu, C. S., Li, Y. L., & Tang, Y. (2013). Applying confirmatory factor analysis on the measure for restaurant over-service. The Journal of International Management Studies, 8(2), 10-16.
Sofi, S. A., & Najar, S. A. (2018). Impact of personality influencers on psychological paradigms: An empirical-discourse of big five framework and impulsive buying behaviour. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 24(2), 71-81.
Spain, S. M., Harms, P., & LeBreton, J. M. (2014). The dark side of personality at work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(S1), S41-S60.
Steenkamp, J. B. E., & Baumgartner, H. (1992). The role of optimum stimulation level in exploratory consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 19(3), 434-448.
Stenason, L., & Vernon, P. A. (2016). The Dark Triad, reinforcement sensitivity and substance use. Personality and Individual Differences, 94, 59-63.
Taylor, J., & Taylor, J. (2009, July). A content analysis of interviews with players of massively multiplayer online role-play games (MMORPGs): Motivating factors and the impact on relationships. In International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing (pp. 613-621). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Trombly, D. R., & Zeigler-Hill, V. (2017). The Dark Triad and disordered gambling. Current Psychology, 36(4), 740-746.
Van der Heijden, H. (2004). User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly, 28(4), 695-704.
van Geel, M., Goemans, A., Toprak, F., & Vedder, P. (2017). Which personality traits are related to traditional bullying and cyberbullying? A study with the Big Five, Dark Triad and sadism. Personality and Individual Differences, 106(1), 231-235.
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y., & Xu, X. (2012). Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. MIS Quarterly,36(1), 157-178.
Verplanken, B., & Herabadi, A. (2001). Individual differences in impulse buying tendency: Feeling and no thinking. European Journal of Personality, 15(1), S71-S83.
Verplanken, B., & Sato, A. (2011). The psychology of impulse buying: An integrative self-regulation approach. Journal of Consumer Policy, 34(2), 197-210.
Vohs, K. D., & Faber, R. J. (2007). Spent resources: Self-regulatory resource availability affects impulse buying. Journal of Consumer Research, 33(4), 537-547.
Vohs, K. D., Baumeister, R. F., Schmeichel, B. J., Twenge, J. M., Nelson, N. M., & Tice, D. M. (2018). Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: A limited-resource account of decision making, self-regulation, and active initiative. In Self-regulation and self-control (pp. 45-77). Routledge.
Voss, K. E., Spangenberg, E. R., & Grohmann, B. (2003). Measuring the hedonic and utilitarian dimensions of consumer attitude. Journal of Marketing Research, 40(3), 310-320.
Wang, W., & Hang, H. (2021). Exploring the eudaimonic game experience through purchasing functional and nonfunctional items in MMORPGs. Psychology & Marketing, 38(10), 1847-1862.
Williams, K. M., & Paulhus, D. L. (2004). Factor structure of the Self-Report Psychopathy scale (SRP-II) in non-forensic samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 37(4), 765-778.
Williams, K. M., Paulhus, D. L., & Hare, R. D. (2007). Capturing the four-factor structure of psychopathy in college students via self-report. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88(2), 205-219.
World Health Organization. (2018). The ICD-11 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. World Health Organization.
Wu, J., & Lebreton, J. M. (2011). Reconsidering the dispositional basis of counterproductive work behavior: The role of aberrant personality. Personnel Psychology, 64(3), 593-626.
Xu, Z., Turel, O., & Yuan, Y. (2012). Online game addiction among adolescents: motivation and prevention factors. European Journal of Information Systems, 21(3), 321-340.
Yang, H. E., Wu, C. C., & Wang, K. C. (2009). An empirical analysis of online game service satisfaction and loyalty. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(2), 1816-1825.
Yokomitsu, K., Irie, T., Shinkawa, H., & Tanaka, M. (2021). Characteristics of Gamers who Purchase Loot Box: a Systematic Literature Review. Current Addiction Reports, 8(4), 481-493.
Yu, U. J., Cho, E., & Johnson, K. K. (2017). Effects of brand familiarity and brand loyalty on imagery elaboration in online apparel shopping. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 8(3), 193-206.

指導教授

鄭明松杜秉叡(Min-Song Zheng Bin-Rui Du)

審核日期

2022-3-14

推文