考慮即時濾波與衝程限制之相位控制主動調諧質量阻尼器應用於多自由度構架分析與實驗驗證

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郭彥良(Yan-Liang Kuo) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

考慮即時濾波與衝程限制之相位控制主動調諧質量阻尼器應用於多自由度構架分析與實驗驗證

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摘要(中)

本研究分別針對考慮即時濾波(Real-Time filter)之絕對加速度回饋相位控制主動調諧質量阻尼器(Phase Control absolute Acceleration feedback-Active Tuned Mass Damper, PCA-ATMD)與PCA-ATMD導入衝程限制(stroke limit)應用於多自由度結構，進行數值模擬與實驗驗證；以結構加裝考慮即時濾波之PCA-ATMD情況進行頻率反應函數、歷時反應、系統穩定性與敏感度之分析，再以PCA-ATMD導入衝程限制情況進行歷時反應分析，探討各情況之減震效果與特性，最後以構架試體進行振動台實驗並與數值模擬結果相互驗證。相位控制主動調諧質量阻尼器(PC-ATMD)是於調諧質量阻尼器(TMD)與結構間施加控制力，能即時調整TMD之運動，使TMD與結構維持-90度相位差，此時TMD有最大Power Flow，因此減震效果最佳。未結合濾波器之系統利用Direct Output Feedback求解時，能得到最佳增益矩陣，並不代表結合濾波器之即時濾波系統在求解時，也能求得最佳增益矩陣；若直接以未結合濾波器之系統利用Direct Output Feedback求解得到最佳增益矩陣來做設計，將可能導致加裝PCA-ATMD之系統受濾波器影響而不穩定；因此本研究以即時濾波系統利用Direct Output Feedback來求得最佳增益矩陣，將能避免上述情況發生，且只需藉由改變濾波器設計參數，便能讓加裝考慮即時濾波之PCA-ATMD系統能求得解。PCA-ATMD之衝程限制是利用一與ATMD相對速度及衝程有關之函式來計算衝程限制力，如此設計之衝程限制能有效降低衝程，且不會對結構絕對加速度造成明顯負面影響。結構加裝即時濾波PCA-ATMD與PCA-ATMD導入衝程限制之模擬與實驗結果顯示，從頻率反應函數與歷時反應能看出有良好的減震效果與衝程限制效果，且濾波器的加入使實驗與模擬更加相符。由系統穩定性分析看出，系統在一定範圍內為穩定可控的，有一定之強健性；敏感度分析看出，當考慮即時濾波之PCA-ATMD增益係數或振幅比有變化，減震效果受影響並不大。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this study is to verify the application of the Phase Control absolute Acceleration feedback-Active Tuned Mass Damper (PCA-ATMD) with real-time filter and the stroke limitation. The multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structure is implemented with the PCA-ATMD for numerical simulation and experiment, respectively. The essential of Phase Control Active Tuned Mass Damper (PC-ATMD) is to apply a control force between the TMD mass and the structure, and then the PC-ATMD can achieve 90-degree phase lag of structure to induce maximum power flow resulting in outstanding vibration reduction capability. The optimal gain matrix is obtained by solving the Direct Output Feedback using the PCA-ATMD with real-time filter system, that ensures the control system is workable. The PCA-ATMD stroke limitation force is related to ATMD relative velocity and stroke, which is not only avoiding apparently negative affect in structural absolute acceleration, but also constraining stroke effectively. The result of numerical simulations show that the PCA-ATMD with real-time filter and the stroke limitation have a good performance on structural vibration reduction and stroke limitation. Besides, the system stability and sensitivity analysis show that the system is stable and durable in a certain range of gain parameters. Hence, the active phase control algorithm is robust. Finally, the shaking table experiment is carried out by using a three-story shear building frame. And, the experiment verifies that the result is in accordance with numerical simulation. The system combined with filter makes the simulation more consistent with the experiment.

關鍵字(中)

★ 調諧質量阻尼器
★ 主動控制
★ 離散時間系統
★ 即時控制
★ Power Flow理論
★ 相位控制
★ 即時濾波
★ 衝程限制
★ 振動台實驗

關鍵字(英)

★ tuned mass damper
★ active control
★ discrete-time system
★ real-time control
★ Power Flow Theory
★ phase control
★ real-time filter
★ stroke limit
★ shaking table experiment

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT iii
目錄 v
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xxi
符號說明 xxi
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 研究內容 4
第二章相位控制調諧質量阻尼器與即時濾波 5
2-1 相位控制之概念與原理 5
2-2 多自由度結構加裝ATMD之動力系統 6
2-3 主動式相位控制律推導―結構絕對加速度回饋 8
2-4 濾波器設計 10
2-5 考慮即時濾波之多自由度結構加裝ATMD動力系統 12
2-6 考慮即時濾波之相位控制參數最佳化 13
2-7 相位控制方法之流程 14
第三章結構加裝考慮即時濾波之ATMD數值模擬分析 19
3-1 多自由度結構與濾波器系統之數值模擬參數 19
3-1-1 結構加裝PCA-ATMD之動力系統 19
3-1-2 濾波器系統 20
3-2 頻率反應函數 22
3-2-1 結構加裝PCA-ATMD之頻率反應函數 22
3-2-2 結構位移頻率反應函數 23
3-2-3 結構絕對加速度頻率反應函數 24
3-2-4 質量塊衝程與主動控制力頻率反應函數 25
3-3 地震歷時分析 25
3-3-1 輸入之地震歷時 25
3-3-2 地震歷時下之構架反應 26
3-4 系統穩定性分析 29
3-5 敏感度分析 30
3-5-1 增益係數之敏感度分析 30
3-5-2 振幅比之敏感度分析 32
3-5-3 多自由度結構頻率之敏感度分析 34
第四章 ATMD衝程限制方法 69
4-1 衝程限制 69
4-1-1 導入衝程限制之動力系統 69
4-1-2 衝程限制啟動條件 70
4-2 導入衝程限制後之控制流程 71
4-3 選擇衝程限制力方程式之參數 71
4-4 導入衝程限制之數值模擬 73
第五章實驗設備與配備 111
5-1 實驗設備與配置 111
5-1-1 多自由度構架配置 111
5-1-2 ATMD 111
5-1-3 控制介面與量測儀器 112
5-1-4 轉速控制與衝程限制 113
5-2 實驗構架系統識別 114
5-3 結構層間變位檢核 115
5-4 ATMD參數設計 116
5-5 數位濾波器 117
5-6 輸入之地震歷時 118
第六章實驗結果與討論 132
6-1 實驗中PCA-ATMD減震效果比較 132
6-2 實驗中PCA-ATMD導入衝程限制減震與衝程限制效果比較 134
6-3 相同震波下PGA值變化之影響 136
6-4 不同震波下減震效果之差異 137
6-5 實驗與數值模擬結果比較 137
第七章結論及建議 197
7-1 結論 197
7-2 未來研究與建議 199
參考文獻 200
附錄A 205
附錄B 208

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指導教授

賴勇安(Yong-An Lai)

審核日期

2022-8-18

推文