溫度對複合添加凝結型及硬化型加速劑的預拌高早強水泥漿體及砂漿之工程性質影響研究

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姓名	唐黃忠孝(Duong Hoang Trung Hieu) 查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	土木工程學系
論文名稱	溫度對複合添加凝結型及硬化型加速劑的預拌高早強水泥漿體及砂漿之工程性質影響研究 (Study on the influence of temperature on the engineering properties of ready-mixed high-early-strength cement paste and mortar with compound addition of setting and hardening accelerators)
檔案	[Endnote RIS 格式] [Bibtex 格式] [相關文章] [文章引用] [完整記錄] [館藏目錄] 至系統瀏覽論文 (2028-6-30以後開放)
摘要(中)	對於設計適用於剛性路面維護應用的現場混凝土，文獻回顧指出，混凝土應採用早強劑並在適當溫度下固化。加速劑通過影響水泥材料與水之間的反應速度，提高水化速率。因此，在水泥漿、灰漿和混凝土中使用加速劑可以減少凝結時間和/或提高早期強度發展。此外，固化溫度對混凝土的早期抗壓強度發展有顯著影響。因此，為了找到適合於現場混凝土廠使用的早強水泥材料的適當劑型和固化方法，本研究論文提供了商業加速劑的歷史和技術概述，以及它們對水泥水化加速的機制和目前的商業加速劑特性。研究結果表明，使用凝結加速劑和硬化加速劑的組合比單一類化學品更有效。在早期抗壓強度的最佳組合是 2.0% KBr、1.0% Ca(HCOO)2 和 0.05% TIPA，在 23°C 固化 8 小時後達到 33.8 MPa 的抗壓強度，符合剛性路面維護要求。因此，在台灣氣溫超過 23°C 時，我們可以使用 2.0% KBr、1.0% Ca(HCOO)2 和 0.05% TIPA 的加速劑組合進行剛性路面維護。然而，在冬季氣溫下降時，需要進行詳細的實驗，以評估低於 23°C 溫度下混凝土早期抗壓強度的發展。此外，本論文還指出，在台灣低於 23°C 的天氣日，使用熱固化方法(固化方法 50C)可以確保所需的抗壓強度。熱固化方法顯著提高了早期抗壓強度，但不影響灰漿試件的乾縮、吸水率、長期抗壓強度和氯離子滲透性。然而，加速劑組合的使用減少了灰漿試件的氯離子滲透性，同時增加了乾縮問題，這可能會降低對化學襲擊的抵抗力，並在惡劣條件下影響耐久性。本論文還應用非破壞性方法來評估混凝土的早期抗壓強度，如超聲波脈沖速度(UPV)測試、反彈錘測試和成熟度法。結果顯示，反彈錘測試和 UPV 測試能夠預測混凝土的早期抗壓強度。然而，在施工現場使用熱固化方法時，反彈錘測試的準確性降低，可能不適合。成熟度法在預測混凝土早期抗壓強度方面表現良好，具有高準確性和高效應用(易於操作，抗壓強度偏差小於 8%)，即使在使用或不使用早強劑組合時，它仍能在不同環境溫度下保持可靠。
摘要(英)	To design a suitable ready-mixed concrete for rigid pavement maintenance applications, the literature review indicates that concrete should be mixed with early strength accelerators and cured at an appropriate temperature. Accelerating admixtures improve the hydration rate by affecting the reaction speed between cementitious materials and water. As a result, using accelerators in cement paste, mortar, and concrete can reduce setting time and/or improve early strength development. Additionally, curing temperature can significantly affect the early-age compressive strength development of concrete. Hence, aiming to find suitable admixtures and curing methods for high early strength for cementitious materials used in ready-mix plants, this research dissertation provides a historical and technical overview of commercial accelerators, as well as their mechanism for cement hydration acceleration and current commercial accelerator characteristics. The results found that the use of a combination of setting accelerators and hardening accelerators is more effective than using a single type of chemical. The optimal combination for early age compressive strength is 2.0% KBr, 1.0% Ca(HCOO)2, and 0.05% TIPA, achieving compressive strengths of 33.8 MPa after 8 hours of curing at 23°C, which meets rigid pavement maintenance requirements. Therefore, we can use the accelerator combination with the ratios 2.0% KBr, 1.0% Ca(HCOO)2, and 0.05% TIPA for rigid pavement maintenance during times when the temperature exceeds 23°C. However, in winter when temperatures drop, detailed experiments are needed to assess the early compressive strength development of concrete at temperatures below 23°C. Additionally, this dissertation also indicates that using a heat curing method (curing method 50C) can be a way to ensure the required compressive strength during days when Taiwan’s temperature is below 23°C. The use of heat curing significantly enhances early age compressive strength without affecting the drying shrinkage, water absorption, long-term compressive strength, and chloride permeability of mortar specimens. However, the use of accelerator combinations reduces chloride permeability while increasing the drying shrinkage of the mortar specimens. These issues may decrease resistance to chemical attacks and impact durability in harsh conditions. This dissertation also applies nondestructive methods to evaluate the early compressive strength of concrete, such as the UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) test, rebound hammer test, and Maturity method. The results show that the rebound hammer test and UPV test have the capability to predict the early compressive strength of concrete. However, the accuracy of rebound hammer test reduced and may not be suitable for applications using the heat curing method in the construction site. The Maturity method proves effective in predicting the early compressive strength of concrete on-site with high accuracy and efficient application (easy and achieves less than 8% compressive strength deviation) even when using or not using early strength accelerator combination, and it remains reliable under varying environmental temperatures.
關鍵字(中)	★ 高早期強度 ★ 加速器 ★ 水泥水化 ★ 預拌砂漿 ★ 溫度	關鍵字(英)	★ high early strength ★ accelerator ★ cement hydration ★ ready-mixed mortar ★ temperature
論文目次	摘要......................................................I ABSTRACT ................................................III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................V LIST OF FIGURES...........................................XI LIST OF TABLES...........................................XIX ABBREVIATIONS............................................XXI CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION....................................1 1.1. Background............................................1 1.2. Research Questions....................................2 1.3. Research Aims.........................................4 1.4. Research objective................................... 4 1.5. Structure of the dissertation ....................... 5 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW...............................7 2.1. Hydration Kinetics of Portland Cement.................7 2.2. Early Strength Admixtures.............................9 2.3. Chemical Reaction Overview of Accelerators...........11 2.4. Commercial Accelerators for OPC Type I...............38 2.5. Curing Methods.......................................40 2.6. Durability...........................................50 2.7. Literature Conclusion................................59 CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHOD .............................. 69 3.1. Research Design......................................69 3.2. Materials............................................71 3.3. Materials Preparation .............................. 74 3.4. Mixing Procedure ................................... 75 3.5. Experiment Procedure ............................... 76 3.6. Test Methods.........................................83 CHAPTER 4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION .........................93 4.1. Setting behavior ....................................93 4.2. Compressive Strength ...............................106 4.3. Hydration Behavior..................................140 4.4. Slump Flow..........................................168 4.5. Long-term compressive strength of mortar ...........173 4.6. The ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test of mortar specimens................................................175 4.7. The flexural strength test of mortar specimens......180 4.8. The shrinkage test of mortar specimens..............182 4.9. The absorption test of mortar specimens ........... 183 4.10. The Rapid Chloride Permeability test (RCPT) of mortar specimens................................................186 4.11. In-Place Compressive Strength Prediction method .........................................................187 CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RESEACH.................199 5.1. Conclusion..........................................199 5.2. Recommendation for future research..................200
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指導教授	王韡蒨黃偉慶(Wang Wei-Chien Huang Wei-Hsing)	審核日期	2024-7-17
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