單電阻感測電流之永磁同步馬達直接轉矩控制

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姓名

黃子瑀(Tzu-Yu Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

單電阻感測電流之永磁同步馬達直接轉矩控制
(Direct Torque Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Single Current Sensing Resistor)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2028-7-23以後開放)

摘要(中)

本論文在單電流感測分流電阻（Shunt resistor）安裝於直流母線（DC Bus）上的情況下，使用改進空間向量脈寬調變（Novel Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, NSVPWM）重建三相電流，將其做為回授訊號透過空間向量脈寬調變直接轉矩控制（Space Vector Modulation Direct Torque Control, SVM-DTC）驅動永磁同步馬達。一般馬達控制以使用二個電流感測器的方法最為常見，此類方法具有成本昂貴、系統體積大以及二感測器不匹配的問題。本論文使用Shunt resistor量測通過二階逆變器（2-level inverter）的總電流並以其重建三相電流，在一次切換週期中採樣二相電流，再透過馬達三相平衡原理重建，然而傳統的空間向量脈寬調變（Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, SVPWM）會因為零向量導致DC Bus電流為零無法提供相電流訊號，導致無法重建三相電流訊號，故本論文提出將零向量改為二互補的有效向量，消除在扇區切換邊界的電流不可觀測區域（Unobservable Area），並將三相電流訊號用於估測磁通與轉矩，應用於SVMDTC架構。
本論文方法使用了改進空間向量脈寬調變，將零向量改為二互補的有效向量，在Shunt resistor增加可重建的相電流訊號，從而消除電流重建的不可觀測區域，降低馬達控制中需使用二個電流感測器的系統成本、體積以及不匹配的問題，應用於SVM-DTC的永磁同步馬達驅動。

摘要(英)

This thesis uses a single current sensing shunt resistor installed on the DC bus and Novel Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (NSVPWM) to reconstruct the three-phase currents as feedback signal. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is driven by Space Vector Modulation Direct Torque Control (SVM-DTC). Generally, using two current sensors is the most common method for motor control. This method has high cost, large system size and two sensor mismatching problems. In this thesis, a single current sensing shunt resistor is used to measure the total current passing through the 2-level inverter and reconstruct the three-phase currents. The condition for reconstructing the three-phase currents is to sample the two-phase current in one switching period and use the principle of motor three-phase balance to reconstruct. However, the traditional Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) causes the DC bus total current to be zero due to the zero vector and the phase current signal cannot be reconstructed. Therefore, this thesis proposes to change the zero vector to two complementary effective vectors, which can effectively eliminate the current unobservable area of sector boundary.
This thesis proposed novel space vector pulse width modulation, changing the zero vector to two complementary effective vectors, increasing the phase current signal that can be reconstructed from the total current, thereby eliminating the unobservable area of current reconstruction and reducing the system cost, size and mismatch issues of using two current sensors in the motor control system. Finally, it is applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with SVM-DTC.

關鍵字(中)

★ 永磁同步馬達
★ 單電流感測分流電阻
★ 三相電流重建
★ 空間向量脈寬調變直接轉矩控制

關鍵字(英)

★ PMSM
★ single current sensing shunt resistor
★ Three-phase currents reconstruction
★ Space Vector Modulation Direct Torque Control

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與目的 1
1-2 文獻回顧 3
1-3 大綱 4
第二章同步馬達介紹 5
2-1 前言 5
2-2 永磁同步馬達簡介 6
2-2-1 永磁同步馬達介紹 6
2-2-2 永磁同步馬達數學模型 7
2-2-3 本文研究之馬達介紹 11
第三章三相電流重建方法 12
3-1 前言 12
3-2 電流感測元件介紹 13
3-3 向量空間脈衝寬度調變 14
3-3-1 向量空間脈衝寬度調變原理 14
3-3-2 單電流感測器電流重建 21
3-4 改良型向量空間脈衝寬度調變 24
3-4-1 改良型向量空間脈衝寬度調變原理 24
3-4-2 單電流感測器電流重建實現方法 27
第四章馬達控制方法 30
4-1 前言 30
4-2 直接轉矩控制 31
4-2-1 系統架構圖 31
4-2-2 轉矩磁通控制 34
 控制原理 34
 磁通控制 35
 轉矩控制 36
4-2-3 輸出電壓向量選擇 37
4-2-4 直接轉矩控制漣波分析 38
4-3 改良型直接轉矩控制 39
4-3-1 本文系統架構 39
4-3-2 磁通與轉矩估測 40
4-3-3 改良型直接轉矩控制漣波分析 41
4-3-4 霍爾感測器速度及角度估測 42
第五章控制系統之硬體架構介紹 43
5-1 前言 43
5-2 電源模組電路 44
5-3 電流感測電路 46
5-3-1 雙電流感測電路 46
5-3-2 單電流感測電路 47
5-4 微控制器 49
5-5 功率開關及驅動電路 50
第六章實驗結果 52
6-1 實驗架構 52
6-2 模擬結果 53
6-2-1 SVM-DTC模擬 53
6-2-2 三相電流重建模擬 58
6-3 實驗結果 64
第七章結論與未來展望 82
參考文獻 83

參考文獻

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指導教授

徐國鎧(Kuo-Kai Shyu)

審核日期

2023-7-20

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