VVC畫面間編碼之 CTU層位元率控制的 R-λ模型參數決策

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姓名

侯茗喆(Ming-Zhe Hou) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

通訊工程學系

論文名稱

VVC畫面間編碼之 CTU層位元率控制的 R-λ模型參數決策
(R-λ Model Parameter Decision for CTU-level Rate Control in VVC Inter-frame Coding)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

在多功能視訊編碼標準(Versatile Video Coding, VVC)的參考軟體中，對於採用畫面間編碼的編碼樹單元(coding tree units, CTUs)，其R-λ模型參數是參考自前一個位在相同畫面階層(frame level)的同位置(co-located) CTU編碼後更新的R-λ模型參數，然而，這種參數決策方法可能會造成部分CTUs的R-λ模型參數不準確，而影響位元率控制的效能。因此，本論文首先利用CTUs之間的R-λ曲線相似度，從相同畫面階層的前一個已編碼畫面中，選擇R-λ曲線與當前CTU最接近的CTU，作為理想的R-λ模型參數的參考CTU，並利用其編碼後更新的R-λ模型參數，進行CTU-level位元分配以及量化參數決策。經由實驗證實，目前VVC畫面間位元率控制的R-λ模型參數決策方法確實存在改善空間，若基於R-λ曲線相似度選擇R-λ模型參數的參考CTU，可進一步提升位元率控制的準確性與重建後的視訊品質。以上方法雖然可提升位元率控制的效能，但對於每個畫面間編碼CTUs，都必須經由大量的編碼才可獲得R-λ曲線，顯然不適合實際被採用。因此，本論文建立了CTU的特徵與R-λ曲線之間的關聯性，利用CTUs之間的運動資訊與紋理複雜度等特徵的差異性，選擇與當前CTU特徵差異性最小的CTU，作為R-λ模型參數的參考CTU。實驗結果顯示，本論文所提方案的平均位元率誤差約為0.57%，相比於VTM-14.0的位元率控制方案，平均BDBR下降了0.119%，平均BDPSNR提升了0.0012dB。

摘要(英)

In Versatile Video Coding (VVC) reference software, the R-λ model parameters for coding tree units (CTUs) using inter-coding are referenced from the updated R-λ model parameters of previous co-located CTU at the same frame level. However, the parameter decision method may lead to inaccurate R-λ model parameters for some CTUs, and has an impact on the performance of rate control. Therefore, this thesis selects the CTU that has the R-λ curve is most similar to that of the current CTU from the previous coded picture at the same frame level first, and takes it as the ideal reference CTU of R-λ model parameters. Then, the updated R-λ model parameters of the ideal reference CTU are used for CTU-level bit allocation and quantization parameter decisions. Results demonstrate that there is still room for improvement in R-λ model parameter decision for VVC inter-frame rate control. The accuracy of rate control and reconstructed video quality can be further improved when the reference CTU of R-λ model parameters is selected based on the R-λ curve similarity. Although the above method can improve the performance of rate control, extra encoding time is required to obtain the R-λ curves for each inter-coding CTUs, which is obviously not suitable for practical use. As a result, this thesis establishes the correlation between CTUs’ features and R-λ curves, and uses the differences in the features of motion information and texture complexity among CTUs to select the CTU with the smallest feature difference from the current CTU, and takes it as the reference CTU of R-λ model parameters. Experimental results show that the average bitrate error of the proposed scheme is about 0.57%. Compared with the rate control scheme in VTM-14.0, the average BDBR of the proposed scheme is decreased by 0.119%, and the average BDPSNR is increased by 0.0012dB.

關鍵字(中)

★ VVC
★ 畫面間編碼
★ 位元率控制
★ R-λ模型參數決策
★ 運動資訊
★ 紋理複雜度
★ 特徵差異性

關鍵字(英)

★ VVC
★ inter coding
★ rate control
★ R-λ model parameter decision
★ motion information
★ texture complexity
★ feature difference

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XIII
第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 研究方法 3
1.4 論文架構 3
第二章多功能視訊編碼(Versatile Video Coding)簡介 4
2.1 多功能視訊編碼之編碼器架構 4
2.2 多功能視訊編碼之預測模式簡介 5
2.2.1 基本編碼單元 5
2.2.2 基本編碼單元之預測模式 7
2.2.3 編碼畫面類型 13
2.2.4 編碼器配置 14
2.3 多功能視訊編碼之位元率控制簡介 16
2.3.1 位元率失真最佳化 16
2.3.2 位元分配 17
2.3.3 量化參數決策 18
2.4 總結 19
第三章 R-λ模型之參數決策技術現況 20
3.1 應用於HEVC之R-λ模型參數決策演算法 20
3.2 應用於VVC之R-λ模型參數決策演算法 22
3.3 總結 25
第四章本論文所提之VVC畫面間位元率控制方案 26
4.1 畫面間編碼CTUs之R-λ曲線 26
4.2 CTUs之R-λ曲線相似度設計 38
4.2.1 基於運動資訊之R-λ曲線相似度 38
4.2.2 基於紋理複雜度之R-λ曲線相似度 44
4.3 基於特徵差異性之R-λ模型參數決策演算法 47
4.4 總結 52
第五章實驗結果與分析 54
5.1 實驗環境與參數設定 54
5.2 本論文所提方案之實驗結果與分析 57
5.3 總結 82
第六章結論與未來展望 83
參考文獻 84
符號表 87

參考文獻

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指導教授

唐之瑋(Chih-Wei Tang)

審核日期

2023-7-20

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