博碩士論文 111323604 詳細資訊




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姓名 韓希然(XI-RAN HAN)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 機械工程學系
論文名稱 電動車齒輪箱之剛-柔耦合動力學模型建立及等效輻射聲功率分析
(Rigid-flexible Coupling Dynamic Modeling and Equivalent Radiated Power Analysis of Electric Vehicle Gearboxes)
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摘要(中) 摘要
電動車領域因電驅取代傳統內燃機,車身其他結構振動噪音會較為明顯;電驅系統中齒輪嚙合振動為噪音主要激勵來源,因而本研究前期建立指向型聲學麥克風量測實驗,探討齒輪修形、更改背隙、添加磨紋之參數化控制齒輪噪音方法;並建立振動量測、模態實驗、聲學照相機量測,獲取車輛運轉參數及材料性質;藉由電腦輔助計算模擬方法,通過KISSsoft&KISSsys進行傳動系統的建立,結合多體動力學(Multi-body Dynamics, MBD)、有限元素法(Finite Element Analysis, FEM),本研究使用RecurDyn軟體DriveTrain模組之KISSsoft模塊進行齒輪箱系統的多體動力學建模,基於剛-柔耦合理論(Rigid-flexible Body Dynamics, RFBD),將有限元素法和多體動力學相結合,以有限元方法描述多體系統中的軸件及齒輪箱殼體;將齒輪、軸承、電機殼體視為剛體,與柔性體機構在同一個系統中求解計算,計算系統運行中因幾何變形和彈塑性變形所引起的機械系統運動行為真實結果。並根據等效聲輻射理論(Equivalent Radiated Power, ERP),分辨出齒輪嚙合振動傳遞至結構板件的輻射位置;代替實驗侷限性,探討通過在板件輻射位置進行結構尺寸優化、重新設計肋條排列,及齒輪齒面鼓形修整對傳動齒輪箱噪音之影響。本研究亦提供創新性齒輪箱系統NVH分析之完整方法及流程,該分析方法可以應用在具齒輪機構之泛用傳動系統。
摘要(英) The rise of electric propulsion in the automotive industry has led to a heightened focus on vibration and noise coming from various vehicle structures, with gear mesh vibration noise emerging as a primary concern. The research established acoustic measurement experiments to explore parameterized methods for controlling gear noise, including gear modification, gear backlash adjustments, and gear grinding. Additionally, vibration measurements, modal experiments, and acoustic camera measurements were conducted to obtain material properties and vehicle operating parameters. Using Computer-aided Simulation Methods, the research established a transmission system through KISSsoft&KISSsys, combining Multi-Body Dynamics (MBD) and Finite-Element Analysis (FEA). The RecurDyn DriveTrain module based on the KISSsoft module is used for MBD modeling of the gearbox system. Based on Rigid-flexible Body Dynamics (RFBD) theory, FEM and MBD algorithms were integrated to describe shafts and gearbox housing within finite elements. Electric motor housing, Gears, and bearings were treated as rigid bodies, solved alongside flexible body mechanisms within the same system, calculating the real behavior of mechanical systems due to geometric and elastoplastic deformations during operation. Based on Equivalent Radiated Power (ERP) theory, the research identified the maximum radiation position where vibrations from gear meshing transmit to the housing. This approach replaced experimental limitations and explored the effects of structural dimension optimization, redesigning ribs, and gear flank line crowning on gearbox noise. The research offers a comprehensive method and process for innovative NVH analysis in vehicle engineering, and is also suitable for general-purpose transmission systems with gear mechanisms.
關鍵字(中) ★ 齒輪箱
★ 多體動力學
★ 有限元素法
★ 等效聲輻射
★ 剛-柔耦合
關鍵字(英) ★ Gearbox
★ Multi-body Dynamics
★ Finite Element Method
★ Equivalent Radiated Power
★ Rigid-flexible-Body Dynamics
論文目次 摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
謝誌 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xiii
符號對照表 xiv
第1章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 3
1-3 研究動機及目的 6
1-4 論文架構 7
第2章 齒輪傳動系統介紹 9
2-1 減速齒輪箱介紹 9
2-2 KISSsys齒輪箱系統介紹 11
2-3 齒輪修形介紹 13
2-4 齒輪傳動系統特徵頻譜介紹 14
第3章 實驗量測 17
3-1 本章前言 17
3-2 結構模態測試 18
3-2-1 頻率響應函數理論簡介 18
3-2-2 台架搭建及結構優化 21
3-2-3 模態實驗結果 23
3-3 殼體振動量测 27
3-3-1 感測器選配安裝 27
3-3-2 振動量測架構 28
3-3-3 頻譜介紹及量測結果 29
3-4 馬達性能量測 33
3-5 聲學照相機量測 34
第4章 剛-柔耦合建模分析 36
4-1 動力學建模-齒輪 36
4-1-1 齒輪模組建立 37
4-1-2 接觸參數設定 39
4-2 柔性體建模-軸段 39
4-2-1 建立軸模型幾何模型 39
4-2-2 材料參數及接觸參數設定 42
4-3 動力學建模-軸承 44
4-3-1 軸承模組介紹 44
4-3-2 軸承選配、間隙、阻尼設定 45
4-4 動力學建模-剛性殼體 48
4-4-1 殼體量測及特徵簡化 48
4-4-2 模型除錯及匯入 49
4-5 動力學建模-約束條件 50
4-5-1 多體動力學約束介紹 50
4-5-2 殼體組配約束 52
4-5-3 齒輪及軸承約束設定 53
4-5-4 螺栓鎖固約束 53
4-5-5 約束條件數學表達式 55
4-5-6 施加徑向力等效皮帶拉力 56
4-6 多體動力學接觸理論及分析介紹 57
4-6-1 赫茲接觸理論 57
4-6-2 RecurDyn接觸介紹 59
4-6-3 RecurDyn齒輪修形介紹 62
4-6-4 頻譜分析理論介紹 63
4-7 建立剛-柔耦合模型 65
4-7-1 柔性體節點綁定 65
4-7-2 有限元網格劃分 66
4-8 建立等效聲輻射模型 69
4-8-1 聲學理論介紹 69
4-8-2 等效聲輻射功率分析設定 72
第5章 殼體優化設計 75
5-1 齒輪箱殼體設計理念 75
5-2 齒輪箱殼體設計需求 75
5-3 殼體自由模態分析理論 78
5-4 殼體結構靜態分析理論 80
第6章 齒輪箱系統數值分析範例 82
6-1 前言 82
6-2 振動分析範例 82
6-3 齒輪接觸力及修形分析範例 85
6-4 殼體模態及靜態分析範例 89
6-5 柔性體軸段分析範例 94
6-6 殼體應力收斂性分析 96
6-7 不同時速齒輪箱殼體聲學分析範例 97
6-8 齒面鼓形修整聲學分析範例 101
6-9 不同肋條設計模型聲學分析範例 102
第7章 總結及未來展望 104
7-1 總結 104
7-2 未來展望 105
附錄 I 106
參考文獻 115
作者簡介 118
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指導教授 吳育仁(Yu-Ren Wu) 審核日期 2024-7-18
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