短玻璃纖維強化聚丁烯對苯二甲酸酯複合材料之磨耗性質研究

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李澤昌(Tse-Chang Li) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

短玻璃纖維強化聚丁烯對苯二甲酸酯複合材料之磨耗性質研究

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摘要(中)

本研究探討短玻璃纖維(15 wt%與30 wt%)強化聚丁烯對苯二甲酸酯 (PBT) 複合材料之最佳射出成型條件。研究方法包括傳統實驗方法及灰關聯最佳化分析等兩種實驗方法，分別探討不同射出成型條件如充填時間、融膠溫度、模具溫度與保壓壓力等參數對於纖維排向、磨耗性質及拉伸性質之影響。同時，配合掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察纖維排列之顯微組織及磨耗表面之破壞型態。
研究結果顯示在不同射出成型條件下，試片之纖維排列分佈可分為三種不同排列方式，剪力層纖維排列方向平行於融膠流動方向；而固化層與核心層纖維排列方向垂直於融膠流動方向。
射出成型條件為充填時間3 秒、融膠溫度240℃、模具溫度90℃與保壓壓力42 MPa時， PBT/15% GF複合材料具有最佳的磨耗性質。融膠流動方向平行於纖維排列方向時其抗磨耗性則較垂直於纖維排列方向時為佳。紋溝、碎屑、裂縫及纖維脫離基材等為PBT/15 % GF複合材料於磨耗表面的主要破壞型態。
PBT/30 % GF複合材料在耐磨性的考量下，由灰關聯最佳化分析可以發現，最佳的射出成型條件為充填時間3秒、融膠溫度260℃、模具溫度120℃及射出速度100 %。另外利用多參考列的方法發現融膠溫度對於摩擦係數和表面粗糙度等磨耗性質的影響量為最大。而且摩擦係數的影響量又比表面粗糙度的影響量更大。
PBT/30 % GF複合材料要有較佳的抗拉性質，經由灰關聯最佳化分析可以發現，最佳射出成型條件為充填時間2秒、融膠溫度240℃、模具溫度120℃及射出速度100 %。以多參考列的計算亦可以發現融膠溫度對於降伏強度和伸長率等拉伸性質的影響量最大，將是主導整個射出成型過程中最重要的製程參數。

關鍵字(中)

★ 拉伸
★ 磨耗
★ 纖維排向
★ 複合材料
★ PBT
★ 灰色關聯分析

關鍵字(英)

★ PBT
★ Grey Relational Analysis
★ Tensile
★ Wear
★ Fiber Orientation

論文目次

誌謝………………………………………………………………………III
總目錄……………………………………………………………………IV
圖目錄………………………………………………………………VIII
表目錄……………………………………………………………….XII
符號說明……………………………………………………………XIV
第一章緒論……………………………………………………………1
1-1 前言………………………………………………………1
1-2 文獻回顧……………………………………………………4
1-3 本文架構……………………………………………………8
第二章理論基礎……………………………………………………10
2-1 射出成型加工法…………………………………………10
2-2 摩擦與磨耗………………………………………………13
2-2-1 摩擦…………………………………………………13
2-2-2 磨耗…………………………………………………17
2-3 田口方法之直交表………………………………………21
2-3-1 自由度……………………………………………22
2-3-2 交互作用…………………………………………23
2-3-3 直交表……………………………………………24
2-4 參數設計…………………………………………………24
2-5 灰關聯最佳化分析………………………………………25
2-5-1 灰生成……………………………………………25
2-5-2 灰關聯係數與灰關聯度……………………………27
第三章實驗方法與步驟………………………………………………33
3-l 實驗材料……………………………………………………33
3-2 模具設計…………………………………………………33
3-3 成型條件擬定……………………………………………34
3-3-1傳統實驗方法….……………………………………34
3-3-2 灰關聯最佳化分析…………………………………35
3-4 試片準備…………………………………………………35
3-5 試驗方法與使用設備……………………………………36
3-5-1 短玻璃纖維排列之充填過程模擬…………………36
3-5-2 摩擦與磨耗試驗……………………………………38
3-5-3 拉伸試驗……………………………………………39
3-5-4 表面粗糙度量測……………………………………40
3-6 破斷面觀察………………………………………………41
第四章短玻璃纖維強化PBT之纖維排向特性………………………50
4-1 顯微組織…………………………………………………50
4-2 充填時間的影響…………………………………………51
4-3 融膠溫度的影響…………………………………………52
4-4 模具溫度的影響…………………………………………52
4-5 保壓壓力的影響…………………………………………53
4-6 模擬結果…………………………………………………53
第五章短玻璃纖維強化PBT之磨耗性質……………………………69
5-1 顯微組織…………………………………………………69
5-2 摩擦係數…………………………………………………69
5-3 磨耗體積…………………………………………………71
5-4 磨耗機構…………………………………………………72
第六章短玻璃纖維強化PBT磨耗性質之最佳化……………………85
6-1 摩擦係數與表面粗糙度…………………………………85
6-2 最佳的實驗條件……………………………………………86
6-3 影響磨耗性質之最重要的射出成型參數…………………88
第七章短玻璃纖維強化PBT拉伸性質之最佳化……………………98
7-1 拉伸性質…………………………………………………98
7-2 最佳的實驗條件……………………………………………98
7-3 影響拉伸性質之最重要的參數…………………………100
第八章綜合結論……………………………………………………110
第九章未來發展方向………………………………………………112
參考文獻………………………………………………………………114
附錄…………………………………………………………………123

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指導教授

鄭銘章、黃俊仁
(Ming-Chang Jeng、Jiun-Ren Hwang)

審核日期

2002-7-17

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