桃園地區硫沈降之觀測與模擬

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王聖翔(Sheng-Hsiuang Wang ) 查詢紙本館藏

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大氣物理研究所

論文名稱

桃園地區硫沈降之觀測與模擬

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摘要(中)

本文旨在探討桃園地區硫沈降之時空分布特性，以了解桃園地區污染源所排放之SO2對桃園地區之酸雨的貢獻。吾人修改ISC (Industrial Source Complex)模式，並以1997年為基準年，模擬桃園地區固定污染源SO2之排放、擴散、傳送與沈降。
清除係數(λ)為影響溼沈降量的重要參數，估算一個適合桃園地區的清除係數，將有助於模式對溼沈降模擬的準確性。以降雨期間，空氣中污染物濃度隨時間變化來求得清除係數λ，並由迴歸分析獲得λ與降雨強度P的關係式λ=7×10-5 P0.58，將此關係式應用於ISC模式中，以供模式對溼沈降更準確的模擬。
桃園SO2排放源資料尚不完整，吾人利用統計方法(統計分析、迴歸分析、相關性分析及聚類分析)推估模式所需的排放參數，以完成本文所模擬的1138筆SO2排放資料。SO2濃度模擬與監測結果比較發現，模式可模擬出SO2濃度逐月變化的趨勢，並對於出現濃度高值與低值的月份幾乎都可掌握到，但在定量上有低估的現象。
吾人將SO2固定排放源分為A(林口發電廠)、B(中油煉油廠)、C(其他中小型排放源，分成10個行業別)三組。模擬結果顯示：大型排放源如A、B兩組所能擴散的範圍較廣，所以地面濃度被稀釋，而小型排放源C組雖然擴散範圍較小，但能形成局部高濃度，對於酸沈降的貢獻，不容忽視。固定污染源對桃園地區硫溼沈降貢獻量方面， A、B、C三組間的比值約為5：3：12。硫溼沈降量模擬值與觀測值比較發現，模式可模擬出觀測的極值，但在定量上有明顯低估的現象。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the sulfur deposition distribution, and contribution SO2 point sources in Taoyuan County. In the study, ISC (Industrial Source Complex) Model was modified to simulate SO2 emission, dispersion, transport and deposition in Taoyuan country, based on 1997 emission inventories.
Scavenging coefficient λ is an important parameter of determining wet deposition. It is in the form of , where C is the SO2 concentration in air. Our data showed that λ and precipitation intensity P have a relationship of λ=7×10-5P0.58.
Because the SO2 source data was not completed for model inputs, Statistical methods were applied to evaluate the missing parameters. As a result 1138 point source data were used for modeling. Comparing with the measurements, modeled SO2 concentrations are qualitatively in a good agreement, but underestimate.
These 1138 point sources are divided into 3 categories, A (Lin-kou Power Plant), B (China Petroleum Refinery), and C (Other stacks). Large sources such as A and B can contribute widely the SO2 dispersion but make the lower surface concentration. Category C makes an opposite situation, and its influnce can’t be neglect. The ratio of these three categories to wet deposition was about 5:3:12. The model can simulation deposition pattern, but underestimate the values.

關鍵字(中)

★ SC模式
★ 園地區
★ 沈降
★ 溼沈降
★ 酸雨
★ 除係數

關鍵字(英)

★ acidrain
★ aoyuan County
★ cavenging coefficient
★ SC Model
★ ulfur deposition
★ ulfur wet deposition

論文目次

目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章前言
1-1研究動機
1-2研究目的
第二章文獻回顧
2-1酸雨概述
2-1-1 酸雨定義
2-1-2 酸雨成因
2-1-3 影響酸雨的主要因子
2-1-4 酸雨的危害
2-2雨水對硫氧化物的清除機制
2-3空氣品質模式
2-3-1 空氣品質模式之適用性2-3-2 空氣品質模式之分類
2-3-3 ISC模式研究回顧第三章研究方法
3-1ISC空氣品質模式
3-1-1 ISCST3模式之輸入說明3-1-2 ISCST3模式之運算流程
3-1-3 ISCST3點源模式之建立3-1-4 ISCST3的演算方法
3-2清除係數的估算方法
3-3-資料處理
3-3-1 污染源資料
3-3-2 氣象資料
3-3-3 受體點資料
3-4溼沈降量之估算方法
第四章模式輸入參數前處理與測試
4-1清除係數之敏感度測試與估算
4-1-1敏感度測試
4-1-2 清除係數之估算
4-2模式污染源輸入參數之敏感度測試
4-3模式污染源輸入參數之修正第五章模式模擬結果
5-1二氧化硫濃度模擬與監測結果之比較
5-2二氧化硫濃度擴散之模擬結果
5-2-1 各組污染源模擬結果與探討
5-2-2 各組及各行業貢獻量之探討
5-3硫沈降之模擬結果
5-3-1 溼沈降
5-3-2 乾沈降
5-3-3 總沈降
5-3-4 桃園地區固定污染源對沈降量貢獻
5-4溼沈降模擬與觀測值比較第六章結論與展望
6-1結論
6-2展望參考文獻

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指導教授

林能暉(Neng-Huei Lin)

審核日期

2001-7-13

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