在具製程與途程彈性的環境下以單元彈性與成本的取捨為考量之單元成型法的比較

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林伯鴻(Po-Hung Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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在具製程與途程彈性的環境下以單元彈性與成本的取捨為考量之單元成型法的比較

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摘要(中)

目前在具彈性製程（flexible processing）與彈性途程（flexible routing）兩種特性的製造環境下的系統設計單元成型的相關研究不多，本研究舉出了四篇來討論：Ho與 Moodie (1996) 探討在具製程與途程彈性之製造環境下的單元成型、何與林 (1998) 探討以多因素相似係數為基礎的單元成型法、何與楊 (1999) 探討以機器使用率為基礎的相似係數來聚群及何與曾 (2001) 比較不同相似係數配合不同聚群方法的單元成型之績效比較。
先前何與林和何與楊的研究均在單元成型後以系統彈性的調整方式，提供系統設計者在系統彈性與成本之間作取捨。但其求解過程所使用的模擬退火演算法尚有不足之處，可加以補充使其更加完整。因此，本研究旨在承續其研究經驗與成果，針對單元彈性和成本之間的取捨發展出彈性最佳化的演算法，再套用何與林 (1998) 和何與楊 (1999) 所發展出的彈性評估法則來衡量何與曾 (2001) 研究中所比較過的六種工件相似係數與聚群法則的配對組合，觀察其彈性有無改善。為了增強實驗結果的說服力，吾人重新舉出不同的工作範例，從工件相似係數的計算開始，代入聚群法演算後求得初步分群，並以模擬退火法最佳化分群結果，再透過單元彈性和成本之間取捨，以彈性最佳化的演算法來求得各個配對組合在不同的例子下取捨後的彈性，觀察是否有增加的情形，比較其彈性改善績效並對數據結果做一完整的分析與評估。

關鍵字(中)

★ 單元式製造
★ 單元成型
★ 類似係數
★ Fuzzy ART
★ Fuzzy c-means
★ 彈性製程
★ 彈性途程
★ 單元彈性與成本的取捨

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

目錄
目錄 i
圖目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究環境與假設 3
1.4研究方法與論文架構 4
第二章文獻回顧 6
2.1系統方法 6
2.2矩陣方法 7
2.3相似係數法 8
2.4數學規劃法 11
2.5類神經網路法 12
2.6模糊理論聚群法 14
2.7圖形分割法 15
2.8專家系統法 16
2.9在具製程與途程彈性環境下的單元成型論文 17
2.9.1 Ho與Moodie (1996) 的研究 17
2.9.2何與林 (1998) 的研究 19
2.9.3何與楊 (1999) 的研究 20
2.9.4何與曾 (2001) 的研究 22
第三章工件相似係數和聚群的方法 24
3.1網路式的製程計劃 24
3.2何與林 (1998) 的工件相似係數 26
3.2.1工件-操作相似係數 26
3.2.2作業程序相似係數 28
3.3何與楊 (1999) 的工件相似係數 33
3.3.1機器使用機率 34
3.3.2刀具相似係數 36
3.3.3工件相似係數 37
3.4聚群的方法 38
3.4.1 Fuzzy ART 聚群法 38
3.4.1.1 Fuzzy ART 演算法流程 39
3.4.1.2第二階段分群法 41
3.4.1.3 Fuzzy ART範例演算 41
3.4.2 Fuzzy c-means 聚群法 48
3.4.2.1 Fuzzy c-means的演算法流程 48
3.4.2.2 Fuzzy c-means範例演算 50
3.4.3何與林 (1998) 啟發法 59
3.4.3.1群內類似係數 59
3.4.3.2相斥度 60
3.4.3.3判斷係數 61
3.4.3.4何與林 (1998) 演算法流程 62
第四章機器分配模式與單元評估法則 66
4.1機器分配的模式 66
4.2單元評估法則 68
4.2.1何與林 (1998) 單元彈性的定義 69
4.2.2何與楊 (1999) 單元彈性的定義 70
第五章單元彈性與成本的取捨 72
5.1單元彈性與成本取捨的意義 72
5.2彈性最佳化的演算法流程 73
5.3 CPLEX 6.6套裝軟體的應用 76
第六章實例驗證 80
6.1 例子A - 以何與曾 (2001) 研究中所使用的工件範例資料 80
6.1.1 以何與林 (1998) 彈性評估法則為衡量基礎的取捨後彈性結果 84
6.1.1.1何與林 (1998) 編號1取捨後的結果 85
6.1.1.2何與林 (1998) 編號2取捨後的結果 86
6.1.1.3何與林 (1998) 編號3取捨後的結果 86
6.1.1.4何與林 (1998) 編號4取捨後的結果 87
6.1.1.5何與林 (1998) 編號5取捨後的結果 88
6.1.1.6何與林 (1998) 編號6取捨後的結果 89
6.1.1.7何與林 (1998) 編號7取捨後的結果 90
6.1.1.8何與林 (1998) 編號8取捨後的結果 91
6.1.2 以何與楊 (1999) 彈性評估法則為衡量基礎的取捨後彈性結果 95
6.1.2.1何與楊 (1999) 編號1取捨後的結果 95
6.1.2.2何與楊 (1999) 編號2取捨後的結果 95
6.1.2.3何與楊 (1999) 編號3取捨後的結果 96
6.1.2.4何與楊 (1999) 編號4取捨後的結果 97
6.1.2.5何與楊 (1999) 編號5取捨後的結果 98
6.1.2.6何與楊 (1999) 編號6取捨後的結果 99
6.1.2.7何與楊 (1999) 編號7取捨後的結果 100
6.1.2.8何與楊 (1999) 編號8取捨後的結果 101
6.2 例子B 105
6.2.1 工件相似係數的計算 108
6.2.2 工件分群的計算 109
6.2.2.1 Fuzzy ART的初步分群結果 110
6.2.2.2 Fuzzy c-means的初步分群結果 111
6.2.2.3 何與林 (1998) 啟發法的初步分群結果 113
6.2.3 以SA最佳化分群的結果 114
6.2.4 機器分派與單元評估 119
6.2.5以何與林 (1998) 彈性評估法則為衡量基礎的取捨後彈性結果 123
6.2.5.1何與林 (1998) 編號1取捨後的結果 124
6.2.5.2何與林 (1998) 編號2取捨後的結果 124
6.2.5.3何與林 (1998) 編號3取捨後的結果 125
6.2.5.4何與林 (1998) 編號4取捨後的結果 126
6.2.5.5何與林 (1998) 編號5取捨後的結果 127
6.2.5.6何與林 (1998) 編號6取捨後的結果 128
6.2.5.7何與林 (1998) 編號7取捨後的結果 129
6.2.5.8何與林 (1998) 編號8取捨後的結果 130
6.2.6 以何與楊(1999)彈性評估法則為衡量基礎的取捨後彈性結果 134
6.2.6.1何與楊 (1999) 編號1取捨後的結果 134
6.2.6.2何與楊 (1999) 編號2取捨後的結果 135
6.2.6.3何與楊 (1999) 編號3取捨後的結果 135
6.2.6.4何與楊 (1999) 編號4取捨後的結果 136
6.2.6.5何與楊 (1999) 編號5取捨後的結果 137
6.2.6.6何與楊 (1999) 編號6取捨後的結果 138
6.2.6.7何與楊 (1999) 編號7取捨後的結果 139
6.2.6.8何與楊 (1999) 編號8取捨後的結果 140
6.3 結果比較 144
6.3.1 以何與林 (1998) 彈性評估法則為基礎的結果比較 144
6.3.2 以何與楊 (1999) 彈性評估法則為基礎的結果比較 147
6.3.3實驗結果分析 150
第七章　結論與建議 151
7.1研究結論 151
7.2研究建議 151
參考文獻 153

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指導教授

何應欽(Ying-Chin Ho)

審核日期

2002-7-9

推文