雷射全像術於航空非破壞檢測的應用研究

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姓名

陳柏融(Po-jung Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學研究所碩士在職專班

論文名稱

雷射全像術於航空非破壞檢測的應用研究
(Nondistructive Testing Laser Holographic for AEROSPACE)

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摘要(中)

全像干涉檢測術在其影像資料中，包含有振動相位的干涉條紋，但與真實的瑕疵的尺寸，卻無明顯的對應關係，只能由干涉條紋形狀變化與標準試片比對，來推測瑕疵種類的關係，因此本論文利用的DH7000全像機台設計實驗來觀察干涉條紋形狀與瑕疵的尺寸關係及探討造成干涉條紋形狀變化的因素。所利用的DH7000全像機台是應用全像干涉術中的時間平均法，結合低頻超音波振動來產生干涉影像。借此機台來探討干涉條紋與瑕疵的尺寸關係及受到那些因素影響。於實驗中找出DH7000全像機台最佳的超音波振動頻率，及物光和參考光的最適合的比值。論文中也對常應用的非破壞檢測術進行比較，來提供非破壞檢測技術選擇的方向與提供全像非破壞檢測術於航太的未來可能的發展。

摘要(英)

The image data of Holographic Interferometry includes interferece fringe of vibration phase, but without correspondent relation with the real size of faults. We conjecture the kind of faults only by comparing the changes of interference fringes and standard test piece. This research investigate the reasons what makes the shape difference of interference fringe by experiment. The experiment was made by DH7000 holographic machine for observing the relation between shape of interference fringes and size of the faults. The holographic machine applies the time averaging method of holographic interferometry and integrates the low frequency ultrasound to produce the interferece images. In the experiments, I would find out the best ultrasonic vibration frequency and adaptable ratio of object beam and referable beam. The thesis is aim to compare with the general ， for the choices of testing methods and future development in aerospace.

關鍵字(中)

★ 全像干涉
★ 相位
★ 瑕疵
★ 超音波
★ 非破壞檢測

關鍵字(英)

★ Holographic
★ Interferometry
★ Non-Destructive Testi

論文目次

目錄
論文提要..........................................................................................................i
英文摘要......................................................................................................... ii
致謝...............................................................................................................iii
目錄...............................................................................................................iv
圖目錄..........................................................................................................vii
表目錄..........................................................................................................x
符號說明....................................................................................................xi
第一章前言..............................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景...........................................................................................1
1.1.1 非破壞檢測的認識.....................................................................1
1.1.2 全像攝影術的基本認識............................................................1
1.2 研究動機與目的 ........................................................................3
1.3 研究範圍 ........................................................................................4
第二章文獻探討..................................................................................5
2.1 全像術的發展................................................................................5
2.2 全像干涉術的發展.....................................................................6
2.3美國全像非破壞檢測術(HNDT)的發展..........................7
2.4 英國全像非破壞檢測術的發展.............................................8
2.4.1 蜂巢式結構合成板檢查...................................................8
2.4.2 振動渦輪轉動葉片...................................................................9
2.5 其他全像非破壞檢測術(HNDT)的發展.......................11
2.6 各種非破壞檢測術(NDT)的優缺點................................11
第三章問題定義與對策..............................................................21
3.1 問題的定義....................................................................................21
3.1.1 設備系統方面............................................................................22
3.1.2 測試物體方面............................................................................23
3.2 問題的對策....................................................................................23
3.2.1 條件選擇與標準設定.............................................................23
第四章實驗原理................................................................................24
4.1 全像攝影術之原理....................................................................24
4.1.1光波的數學表示.........................................................................26
4.1.2 全像術的記錄............................................................................26
4.1.3 全像術的重建............................................................................30
4.2全像干涉術的原理與計量......................................................31
4.2.1 雙重曝光法(Double Exposure) ...........................................32
4.2.2 即時曝光法(Real-Time Exposure) .....................................36
4.2.3 均時曝光法(Time-Average Exposure) ................................40
4.3 設備的原理..................................................................................43
4.4 超音波的原理 ..........................................................................47
4.4.1 超音波的種類與特性...............................................................48
4.4.2超音波的速度、頻率與波長..................................................49
4.5 非破壞檢測的原理.....................................................................51
4.5.1 射線檢測(RT) ...........................................................................51
4.5.2 超音波檢測(UT) ......................................................................52
4.5.3 液滲檢測(PT) ..........................................................................52
4.5.4 磁粒檢測(MT) ..........................................................................53
4.4.5 渦電流檢測(ET) .....................................................................53
4.6 振動與瑕疵關係的分析 ......................................................54
4.6.1 物體表面....................................................................................54
4.6.2 材料未接合區..........................................................................55
4.7干涉條紋與瑕疵的關係..........................................................56
第五章實驗架構................................................................................61
5.1 器材與設備........................................................ ................................61
5.1.1 DH7000電子全像檢測儀的設備配置................. ................ 61
5.1.2 全像攝影設備DH7000光路與設備配置.........................63
5.1.3 光學防震桌 ( vibration isolation table ) ...........................65
5.1.4 其他實驗設備...........................................................................65
5.2 實驗步驟.........................................................................................66
5.2.1 靈敏度實驗.................................................................................67
5.2.2 光強度(分光比率)影響測定實驗.......................................67
5.2.3 應力影響實驗............................................................................67
5.2.4 溫度影響實驗............................................................................68
5.2.5 振動頻率實驗............................................................................68
第六章實驗結果與分析.............................................................69
6.1 靈敏度測試實驗.............................................................................69
6.1.1 結果說明.................................................................................. 70
6.2 光強度(分光比率)實驗.............................................................. 71
6.3溫度實驗........................................................................................... 73
6.3 應力實驗.......................................................................................... 74
6.5超音波的振動實驗........................................................................ 78
第七章結論與建議.........................................................................80
7.1 結論與未來發展........................................................................80
參考文獻....................................................................................................82

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指導教授

張榮森(Rong-seng Chang)

審核日期

2008-7-21

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