微量Sc、Zr對Al-4.6Cu-0.3Mg-0.6Ag合金微結構與機械性質之影響

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陳永斌(Yong-Bin Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

微量Sc、Zr對Al-4.6Cu-0.3Mg-0.6Ag合金微結構與機械性質之影響
(Effect of Minor Sc and Zr on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-4.6Cu-0.3Mg-0.6Ag Alloys)

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摘要(中)

Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金為一高強度鋁合金，藉由Ω相及θ’的析出而達到析出強化的效果。在純鋁或鋁合金中添加Sc元素，可使合金之晶粒細化；且有效提升合金之再結晶溫度，抑制合金發生再結晶；經高溫時效處理後，亦有Al3Sc析出相形成，可提升合金強度。在合金中同時添加Sc及Zr，可減少Sc使用量，亦可得到良好的改良效果。
本實驗於Al-4.6Cu-0.3Mg-0.6Ag合金中分別添加0.6Sc及0.35Sc +0.07Zr，施以T7時效熱處理，探討Sc、Zr元素對合金微結構與機械性質之影響。利用光學顯微鏡(OM)、掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)、微差掃描熱分析儀(DSC)、導電度(%IACS)、硬度試驗、拉伸試驗(Tensile Test)等方法，探討微結構的變化與材料機械性質之關係。
結果顯示，合金中添加0.6Sc或0.35Sc +0.07Zr時，因Al3Sc及Al3(ScxZr1-x)晶出相的形成，使晶粒明顯細化。此外含Sc的合金於鑄態時即有W(Al8.5-4Cu6.6-4Sc)相形成，且無法經由固溶處理回溶於基地內，因而降低基地內Cu元素固溶量，使得T7熱處理後Ω及θ’ 相析出量降低，造成合金硬度及強度降低，但延性提升。合金中並未發現Al3Sc析出相的形成。

關鍵字(中)

★ Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金
★ Sc
★ W相

關鍵字(英)

★ W phase
★ Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys
★ Sc

論文目次

總目錄
謝誌………………………………………………………………………I
摘要……………………………………………………………………II
總目錄…………………………………………………………………III
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………V
表目錄…………………………………………………………………VII
壹、前言…………………………………………………………………1
1. Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金簡介………………………………………1
2. Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金之析出強化相……………………………2
3. Cu/Mg比對Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金析出之影響………………….4
4. 鋁合金添加Sc元素之文獻回顧………………………………4
5. Al-Cu合金中添加Sc之影響…………………………………8
6. 實驗目的及合金設計………………………………………11
貳、實驗步驟與方法…………………………………………………13
一、合金配製、加工及熱處理…………………………………14
1. 合金配製與成分分析…………………………………14
2. 熱處理…………………………………………………14
二、微結構分析…………………………………………………15
1. OM金相觀察……………………………………………15
2. 導電度(%IACS)量測……………………………………15
3. 微差掃瞄熱分析儀(DSC) ………………………………15
4. 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡(SEM) ……………………………16
5. 電子微探儀(EPMA) ……………………………………16
6. 穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM) ……………………………16
三、機械性質分析………………………………………………16
1. 硬度試驗………………………………………………17
2. 拉伸試驗………………………………………………17
參、結果與討論………………………………………………………18
1. 微結構分析……………………………………………………18
1.1 金相觀察、能量散佈光譜儀(EDS)及
電子微探儀(EPMA)分析………………………………18
1.2 微差掃瞄熱分析(DSC)及穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)
之觀察分析……………………………………………25
1.3 導電度(%IACS)分析……………………………………30
2. 機械性質分析…………………………………………………33
2.1 硬度試驗及拉伸試驗…………………………………33
肆、結論………………………………………………………………38
伍、未來研究方向……………………………………………………39
陸、參考資料…………………………………………………………40
圖目錄
圖1.1 Cu3Au的單位晶格結構示意圖…………………………………5
圖1.2 Al-Sc部分二元相圖………………………………………………5
圖1.3 Al3Zr的L12結構示意圖…………………………………………6
圖1.4 慢速冷卻下Al3Sc晶粒的表面形態……………………………7
圖1.5 Al3Sc的發展示意圖………………………………………………7
圖1.6 快速冷卻(~100 K s-1)下Al3Sc顆粒的表面形態………………7
圖1.7 快速冷卻下Al3Sc顆粒細胞突狀(cellular-dendrite)
結構概要圖………………………………………………………8
圖1.8 鋁-過渡元素再結晶溫度對過渡元素含量比較圖……………9
圖1.9 各合金中添加Sc提升降伏強度之關係圖………………………9
圖1.10 Al-Cu-Sc三元相圖……………………………………………11
圖2.1 實驗流程圖……………………………………………………13
圖2.2 板狀拉伸試片規格……………………………………………17
圖3.1 不同Sc及Zr含量之Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金於鑄態之
金相圖及晶粒結構……………………………………………19
圖3.2 合金B經固溶處理後之SEM金相圖…………………………20
圖3.3 不同Sc及Zr含量之Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金經均質化處理後
之金相圖………………………………………………………22
圖3.4 不同Sc及Zr含量之Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金經固溶處理
之金相圖及晶粒結構…………………………………………23
圖3.5 合金A、B、C經固溶處理、自然時效一天後
之DSC曲線……………………………………………………26
圖3.6 合金B、C經固溶處理、自然時效一天後，以20℃/min
升溫至400℃後水淬之TEM影像圖與繞射圖………………28
圖3.7 合金A、B、C於T7人工時效後之TEM影像圖
與繞射圖………………………………………………………29
圖3.8 合金A、B、C於固溶處理後、自然時效一天
及人工時效處理之導電度曲線(%IACS) ……………………31
圖3.9 合金A、B、C經185℃×5hr(T7)處理後之拉伸破斷面…………36
圖3.10 合金A、B、C經固溶處理、自然時效一天及
人工時效處理之硬度曲線……………………………………37
表目錄
表2.1 實驗配製之Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金成分…………………………14
表3.1 合金A、B、C經固溶處理後，基地處Cu、Sc元素含量
之電子微探儀(EPMA)分析結果………………………………24
表3.2 合金A、B、C於固溶處理、自然時效一天後，
Ω相及θ’相析出熱量及析出峰值溫度………………………28
表3.3 合金A、B、C於固溶處理後、自然時效一天
及人工時效處理後之導電度量測值(%IACS) ………………31
表3.4 合金A、B、C於固溶處理、自然時效一天
及人工時效處理後之硬度量測值(HRB) ……………………34
表3.5 合金A、B、C經185℃×5hr(T7)處理後之拉伸性質……………36

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-Long Lee)

審核日期

2004-7-8

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