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姓名 吳振亮(Chen-Liang Wu) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 化學工程與材料工程學系 論文名稱 以ε-Caprolactone改質軟質段末端及新型嵌段式PU之開發
(The developation of a new ε-Caprolactone modified soft segmented based segment PU)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式] [Bibtex 格式] [相關文章] [文章引用] [完整記錄] [館藏目錄] [檢視] [下載]
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摘要(中) 摘要
嵌段式聚氨基甲酸酯(Segment Polyurethane,PU)具有龐大的化學結構變化及特殊的內部微相結構型態,可反映出多變的性質。本研究以最新的PU原材料及最新的改質技術合成數系列新型斥水性PU改進之研究。
研究中利用Uniqema公司近幾年來開發出來的非極性Polyol(Priplast 1838)以作為PU的軟質段。此Polyol具有飽和長碳鏈,且因其不具有雙鍵或参鍵,整體不易受到化學攻擊,使其具有較佳且較抗劣化之斥水性。更因為先前本實驗室曾對非極性式斥水PU進行其軟質段Polyol的末端極性改質研究,發現軟質段Polyol末端經極性改質後所合成出的PU機械強度會增加。基於以上利基,本研究先使用不同含量之極性單體(ε-Caprolacton)對Priplast 1838進行末端改質,並以此末端極性改質後之Priplast 1838做為PU之軟質段。至於PU硬質段部份,則是以二異氰酸鹽MDI(4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate)及鏈延劑BD(1,4-Butadiol) 做為作為主要構成單位,並改變不同的硬質段含量,據以合成數系列PU。且為了要達到最佳的材料物性與塗佈時的加工性,本研究採二步驟溶液聚合法,以合成Segment PU,探討其對水下換能器界面水密特性改進之可行性。
經由分子量滴定變化及FTIR的觀察,在1735cm-1處C=O的出現及OH末端的變化,可以了解ε-Caprolacton確實有開環接至Priplast 1838上。在低溫DSC方面,由於Tg變化程度不大,所以可以了解它是屬於相分離較高的系統。在高溫DSC方面,在相同硬段含量下,於不同改質含量的高溫DSC,可發現不同含量改質Priplast 1838所合成出的PU其T2峰會隨改質含量的增加從170℃增加至190℃,間接應證軟硬兩相互溶降低兩相的界面力,因而增加硬質鏈段的移動力,使硬質鏈段排列的更好。在吸水率方面,Polyol末端在相同的極性改質下,其吸水率會隨硬段含量的增加而增加。另在相同硬質段含量下,吸水率亦會隨著末端改質比例的增加而增加,然而總吸水總吸水率均控制在3%左右。密度方面,所有PU之密度均相當低,且變化不大,約在1.00至1.07 g/cm3之間。在剝離強度及機械強度方面,軟質段Polyol末端經極性改質過後合成的PU都比未改質PU都還要來的好。在平均起始模數方面,Polyol末端在相同的極性改質下,其平均起始模數會隨硬段含量的增加而增加。另外,在相同硬段含量下,其平均起始模數會隨末端改質比例的增加而增加。關鍵字(中) ★ 軟質段改質
★ 嵌段式PU關鍵字(英) ★ modified soft segment
★ segment PU論文目次 目錄
摘 要 -------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
目 錄 ------------------------------------------------------------------------III
圖目錄 ------------------------------------------------------------------------VII
表目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------X
第一章 序論 --------------------------------------------------------------------1
第二章 文獻回顧 --------------------------------------------------------------3
2-1 PU之原料 ------------------------------------------------------------------4
2-1-1異氰酸鹽 -----------------------------------------------------------------5
2-1-2 多元醇(polyol) -------------------------------------------------------7
2-1-3鏈延劑 (Chain extender) --------------------------------------------- 8
2-1-4 催化劑(Catalyst) ------------------------------------------------------ 9
2-2 PU的熱性質 --------------------------------------------------------------10
2-2-1軟質相的玻璃轉移現象 ----------------------------------------------10
2-2-2硬質相的玻璃轉移現象 ---------------------------------------------11
2-2-3 硬質相的規則度 -----------------------------------------------------13
2-3 PU的機械性質 -----------------------------------------------------------15
2-3-1軟質段的長度 ----------------------------------------------------------15
2-3-2 界面結構與形態 ------------------------------------------------------17
2-3-3 PU聚合的方法 ------------------------------------------------------17
第三章 實驗 ------------------------------------------------------------------19
3-1化學藥品 ------------------------------------------------------------------19
3-2儀器設備 ------------------------------------------------------------------20
3-3實驗步驟 ------------------------------------------------------------------21
3-3-1 Priplast 1838軟段之末端改質 --------------------------------------21
一、ε-caprolactone軟段末端改質合成方法 ------------------------------21
二、鑑定 -----------------------------------------------------------------------22
Ⅰ.羥基末端分子量的滴定 -------------------------------------------------22
Ⅱ.IR ----------------------------------------------------------------------------24
3-3-2PU的合成 ---------------------------------------------------------------24
一、反應物 -------------------------------------------------------------------24
二、Priplast 1838 based PU合成步驟 -----------------------------------24
三、PU試片的製造 --------------------------------------------------------25
四、NCO官能基濃度滴定 ------------------------------------------------26
3-4實驗分析方法 -----------------------------------------------------------27
I. DSC熱性質分析 ----------------------------------------------------------27
II.紅外線光譜分析(FTIR) --------------------------------------------------28
III.拉伸機械性質分析 -------------------------------------------------------28
IV.密度之測量 --------------------------------------------------------------28
V.收縮性質的測量 ----------------------------------------------------------29
VI.吸水性測量 -------------------------------------------------------------29
VII.Peel Strength -----------------------------------------------------------30
第四章 結果與討論 ---------------------------------------------------------31
4-1 以ε-Caprolactone改質Priplast 1838之鑑定 -----------------------31
4-1-1 Priplast改質後之分子量滴定結果-----------------------------------31
4-1-2 FTIR鑑定 -------------------------------------------------------------31
4-2 PU的測試與分析 ------------------------------------------------------32
4-2-1 PU之編號 -------------------------------------------------------------32
4-2-2 PU外觀 ----------------------------------------------------------------32
4-2-3 FTIR鑑定 -------------------------------------------------------------33
4-2-4 DSC鑑定 --------------------------------------------------------------34
4-2-4-1低溫軟質段轉變溫度( Tgs ) --------------------------------------34
4-2-4-2玻璃轉變寬度( △B ) -----------------------------------------------36
4-2-4-3玻璃轉變溫度的比熱( △Cp ) -------------------------------------36
4-2-4-4高溫DSC ------------------------------------------------------------37
4-2-5 密度 --------------------------------------------------------------------40
4-2-6 吸水性 -----------------------------------------------------------------40
4-2-7線性收縮 ---------------------------------------------------------------41
4-2-8 Peel Strength -----------------------------------------------------------41
4-2-9 機械性質分析 ---------------------------------------------------------42
第五章 結論 ------------------------------------------------------------------44
參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------------------------------46
附錄 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------51參考文獻 參考文獻
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69. 謝添壽,國立中央大學博士論文指導教授 陳登科(Teng-Ko Chen) 審核日期 2005-7-21 推文 facebook plurk twitter funp google live udn HD myshare reddit netvibes friend youpush delicious baidu 網路書籤 Google bookmarks del.icio.us hemidemi myshare