機構專利創新性迴避設計方法之建構

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姓名	吳慶隆(Chin-Long Wu) 查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	機械工程學系
論文名稱	機構專利創新性迴避設計方法之建構 (An Innovative Methodology for Design Around under Mechanism Type Patent Constraints)
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摘要(中)	本研究依據專利法令、專利侵權判例和專業技術為基礎，提出一種適用於機構專利的系統化創新性迴避設計方法。首先，定義符合專利法定要件的機件和接頭類型。藉由專利構成要件分解規則和圖理論的概念，將申請專利範圍轉化成專利碼。藉由專利構成要件轉化成機構元件之原則，將申請專利範圍以機構構造簡圖表示。藉由一般化規則將專利的機構構造簡圖轉化成一般化運動鏈。經由處理專利的贅餘構成要件，形成以多循環手段尋找可行方案。每一循環尋找可行方案之作法，係依據一般化運動鏈的連桿和接頭數目，由連桿運動鏈目錄資料庫中檢索，初步發散獲得一般化運動鏈圖譜，再以可行機構的基本規格為判斷指標，初步收斂獲得可被用來作指定化的一般化運動鏈。接著，依據可行機構的基本規格作指定化，細部發散找出所有特定化鏈，並以波利亞定理(Polya,s Theorem)作定量評估。再以可行機構的基本規格為限制條件，刪除不可行特定化鏈，細部收斂獲得所有可行特定化鏈。藉由一般化逆推，將特定化鏈逐一轉化成機構的構造簡圖。藉由專利構成要件分解規則和圖理論的概念，將可行機構逐一轉化成產品鄰接矩陣。比對專利碼和產品鄰接矩陣，進行專利侵權定性和定量評估。最後，以切屑取樣速停裝置和車刀防斷保護裝置兩個專利為例，進一步說明和驗證本研究提出的方法，結果證明是可行且有效的。
摘要(英)	In this thesis, which based on the related patent law, the judgment examples of the patent invasion, and the professional technique, we will use the system analysis to propose an innovative methodology for design around under the constraints of the mechanism type patent. First, the type of the machine members and the joint will be defined according to the patent law. By using the separating rule of the essential element and the concept of the graph theory, we will transfer the extent of the patent to the patent code. According to the concept by transferring the patent essential element to the mechanism element, the extent of the applied patent can be represented by the mechanism structural diagram. According to the generalized rule, the structural diagram of the mechanism patent can be transferred to the generalized kinematical chain. By processing the redundant essential element of the patent, the multiple cycle methods for searching the feasible solution could be formed. For every cycle method in searching the feasible solution, which was based on the number of the link and joint of the generalized kinematical chain, the generalized kinematical graph can be divergently found in the catalogue index of the link kinematical data base. Based on the feasible mechanism of the elementary regulation as the judgment index, the obtaining which was obtained by the convergent process could be used as the specialized and generalized kinematical chain. Based on the feasible mechanism of the elementary regulation which was specialized, the specialized chain could be divergently totally found, and the Polya’s theorem was used as an evaluation method. In terms of the constrained conditions for the feasible mechanism of the elementary regulation, the infeasible specialized chain could be canceled and the all feasible specialized chain could be obtained by the convergent process. Using the opposite way of the generalized rule, the feasible specialized chain could be transferred to the structural diagram of the mechanism. Using the separating rule of the essential element and the concept of the graph theory, the every feasible mechanism could be totally represented by the production junction matrix. After comparing the production junction matrix with the patent code, the quality and quantity of the patent infringement could be easily evaluated. Finally, two patents were used as example; one is the abrupt stopping apparatus using the cutting samples as reference, and the other one is the protective apparatus preventing Lathe tool from breaking. The two examples further explained and proved the feasibility and effect about the method proposed by us in this thesis.
關鍵字(中)	★ 專利迴避設計 ★ 申請專利範圍 ★ 構成要件 ★ 專利碼	關鍵字(英)	★ claims ★ patent code ★ essential element ★ designing around
論文目次	中文摘要Ⅰ 英文摘要Ⅲ 謝誌Ⅴ 目錄Ⅶ 圖目錄ⅩⅠ 表目錄ⅩⅦ 符號說明ⅩⅨ 第一章緒論1 1-1背景1 1-2文獻探討1 1-3研究目的6 1-4本論文之架構7 第二章申請專利範圍之解釋和侵害鑑定10 2-1專利種類和定義10 2-2申請專利範圍的基本構造和語法14 2-2-1申請專利範圍和其請求項的構造15 2-2-2申請專利範圍請求項的語法21 2-2-3申請專利範圍之解釋24 2-2-4範例28 2-3專利侵害鑑定33 2-3-1全要件之判定原則35 2-3-2逆均等論之判定原則37 2-3-3均等論之判定原則39 2-3-4禁反言或先前技術阻卻之判定原則40 2-3-5是否落入申請專利範圍之判定和態樣41 第三章機構拓樸構造表示法46 3-1圖理論46 3-2機件和接頭之法定定義47 3-3機構的運動簡圖、構造簡圖和運動鏈表示法51 3-3-1機構的運動簡圖表示法51 3-3-2機構的構造簡圖和運動鏈表示法52 3-4機構的一般化運動鏈與特定化鏈55 3-5機構拓樸構造的矩陣表示法63 3-5-1機構的鄰接矩陣、連桿鄰接矩陣和標號連桿鄰接矩陣63 3-5-2機構的構造碼66 第四章迴避設計方法之建構70 4-1一般專利迴避設計之困擾70 4-2專利迴避設計之策略和價值72 4-3系統化之基礎概念74 4-4對象和先期構想76 4-5處理贅餘構成要件80 4-6系統化專利迴避設計的基礎81 4-7系統化創新性專利迴避設計方法82 4-7-1基本資源82 4-7-2尋找可行方案的發散和收斂過程97 4-7-3專利侵害定性和定量評估114 第五章切屑取樣速停裝置之迴避設計-實例一118 5-1迴避設計及創新可用機構之搜尋118 5-1-1基本資源118 5-1-2尋找可行方案的發散和收斂過程125 5-1-3專利侵害定性和定量評估148 5-2鉋削切屑取樣速停裝置之技術功能展開160 5-3鉋削切屑取樣速停裝置之技術結果驗證164 第六章車刀防斷保護裝置之迴避設計-實例二169 6-1迴避設計及創新可用機構之搜尋169 6-1-1基本資源169 6-1-2尋找可行方案的發散和收斂過程178 6-1-3專利侵害定性和定量評估188 6-2智慧型刀座的技術功能展開199 6-3智慧型刀座的技術結果驗證203 第七章結論212 7-1迴避設計先期構想和基本資源212 7-2專利碼和產品鄰接矩陣之建構214 7-3刪除或合併贅餘的構成要件和構成要件轉化原則215 7-4創新性機構設計和定量評估215 7-5專利侵權定性和定量評估216 7-6後續研究之建議218 參考文獻 219 附錄一中華民國專利法227 附錄二中華民國專利法施行細則251 作者簡介265
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指導教授	吳慶隆(Chin-Long Wu)	審核日期	2007-6-14
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