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姓名 劉育昇(Yu-sheng Liu) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 產業經濟研究所 論文名稱 醫院集團之經濟分析研究
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摘要(中) 本研究分為三個子題。第一個子題,我們針對全民健康保險實施後的台灣醫院產業做背景的介紹,並探討近年醫院產業型態變化所衍生的影響。而有鑑於醫院集團的趨勢日漸重要,第二個子題進一步討論醫院集團對醫療服務品質的影響,第三個子題則討論醫院集團對醫院生產技術效率的影響。
在子題一方面,台灣醫院產業在全民健保後有持續大型化的趨勢。醫院大型化背後的成因是受到中央健保局的支付方式、民眾的就醫習性,以及稅法提供的誘因所導致。在醫院大型化的發展方向下,可能衍生醫療資源配置的扭曲,以及使醫療層級分工無法發揮的問題。醫院集團是醫院大型化關鍵的影響因素。台灣醫院隸屬於集團體系的醫院家數約佔全國醫院的29%,但其總病床數佔全國醫院總病床數的份額卻高達60%。醫院集團佔有相當重要的地位,其對於醫療服務品質的影響以及對生產技術效率的影響,我們將延伸探討這兩個議題。
子題二,我們延伸Gaynor (2006) 的理論模型,並且加以實證來分析醫院集團對醫療服務品質的影響。就理論模型而言,當醫院集團者擁有規模經濟或成本節省的優勢,透過邊際成本的降低,有助於醫療服務品質的提升;但若醫院集團者面對競爭程度較低的環境,可能在醫療服務的提供有所鬆懈,導致其醫療品質的邊際成本提高,而不利於醫療服務品質的提升。實證結果顯示,醫院集團有助於醫療服務品質的提升。
在子題三方面,本研究利用O’Donnell et al.(2008) 資料包絡法的共同邊界分析架構,探討醫院集團對技術效率的影響,同時亦討論醫院集團是否為醫院達到共同邊界的技術水準與改善技術變動的影響因素。實證結果顯示,在技術效率方面,醫院集團對技術效率沒有顯著的影響,但在總額支付制度實施後,地區醫院為醫院集團者,有助於技術效率的提升。在共同邊界的分析架構下,醫院集團模式有助於醫院接近潛在的技術水準;此外,在分析技術變動方面,醫院集團對技術進步無顯著的影響,但在總額支付制度後,醫院集團者有助於技術進步。
摘要(英) This research includes three parts. In the first part, we give the general idea of the background of the hospital industry in Taiwan after the practice of NHI. Since multihospital system paly an important role in this industry, we analyze the impacts of multihospital system on medical service quality in our second part and on the production technical efficiency in our third part, respectively.
In the first part, we find that the scale of hospital is getting larger, which is resulted from (1) the payment from Bureau of National Health Insurance based on Hospital Accreditation; (2) insurants’ medical behavior after the practice of NHI; (3) foundation hospital appearance with tax reduction. The development of large scaling hospital could distort the efficiency of resource allocation and cause the breakdown of division of hospital work. Furthermore, the multihospital system is also a key point of large scaling hospital. Although the multihospital system only takes 29% of the total number of the hospital in Taiwan, it takes 60% of the total hospital bed. Thus, we analyze the medical service quality and the production technical efficiency in multihospital system in part 2 and 3.
In the second part, we study the effects of multihospital system on medical service quality. Based on the theoretical model (Gaynor 2006), we find that the multihospital system has the advantage of economic scale and cost-saving. The reduction of marginal cost helps the improvement of medical service quality. However, when it faces a less competitive market, the multihospital system might slack off in medical service, which increases the marginal cost of enhancing medical quality and decreases the medical service quality. The empirical results show that the operation of multihospital system helps to improve the medical service quality.
In the third part, we adopt the metafrontier framework estimated with DEA (O’Donnell et al. 2008) to analyze the effects of multihospital system on technical efficiency. We also examine whether the multihospital system can help hospitals reach the technological level of metafrontier and improve the technical change. Our empirical results show that multihospital system does not have a significant effect on technical efficiency. However, after the practice of global budget system, the multihospital system of the local hospitals can improve technical efficiency. Under the analysis of metafrontier, we find that multihospital helps hospitals approach their potential production technological level. In addition, multihospital system has no significant effect on technological change. After the practice of global budget system, however, multihospital system can improve technology.
關鍵字(中) ★ 共同邊界分析法
★ 醫療服務品質
★ 醫院集團
★ 資料包絡法關鍵字(英) ★ DEA
★ metafrontier analysis
★ medical service quality
★ multihospital system論文目次 一、緒論 1
二、全民健保實施後的台灣醫院產業 3
1. 前言 3
2. 醫院產業大型化的現象 5
2.1 不同醫院評鑑層級的消長 6
2.2 醫院新進、退出與既存的情形 8
2.3 不同權屬別醫院的情形 9
3. 醫療資源分配的情形 12
4. 醫院集團化的現象 16
5. 醫院產業演化所衍生出的影響 19
5.1 醫院大型化可能衍生的問題─
醫療層級分工與醫療資源配置 19
5.2 醫療服務量集中可能有助於醫療服務品質的改善 20
5.3 醫院集團化的影響 20
6. 結論 20
三、醫院集團對醫療品質的影響 22
1. 前言 22
2. 台灣醫院集團的現況 25
3. 文獻回顧 28
4. 醫院集團對醫療品質的影響:理論模型分析與實證模型設定 29
4.1 Gaynor (2006) 的理論模型 29
4.2 醫院集團對醫療服務品質影響的分析 31
4.3 實證模型設定 32
5. 資料來源、樣本篩選與變數定義 33
5.1 資料來源 33
5.2 樣本篩選 34
5.3 醫療服務品質指標的操作 34
5.4 變數定義與敘述統計 35
6. 實證結果 39
7. 結論 41
8. 未來研究方向 41
四、醫院集團對技術效率的影響 ─ 共同邊界方法的應用 43
1. 前言 43
2. 文獻回顧 46
3. 共同邊界基本分析的架構與實證模型設定 48
3.1 共同邊界基本分析的架構 48
3.2 共同邊界基本分析架構之延伸─技術變動 51
3.3 實證模型設定 52
4. 資料來源及變數定義 55
4.1 資料來源 55
4.2 變數定義與敘述統計 55
4.2.1 各醫院評鑑層級產出變數與投入變數的數據 55
4.2.2 各醫院評鑑層級對群組邊界技術效率與共同技術率的數據 58
4.2.3 實證模型變數的定義與敘述統計值 60
5. 實證結果 63
5.1 群組邊界技術效率之實證結果分析 63
5.2 共同技術率之實證結果分析 64
5.3 技術變動之實證結果分析 65
6. 結論與未來研究方向 65
五、結論 67
參考文獻 68
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指導教授 蔡偉德、于若蓉
(Wei-der Tsai、Ruoh-rong Yu)審核日期 2009-6-24 推文 facebook plurk twitter funp google live udn HD myshare reddit netvibes friend youpush delicious baidu 網路書籤 Google bookmarks del.icio.us hemidemi myshare